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Title: A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity

Journal Article · · Nature (London)
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Our growing awareness of the importance and diversity of the microbial world contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite remarkable advances in DNA sequence generation, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical framework impede useful comparison between studies, hindering development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here, we show that with coordinated protocols, exact microbial 16S rRNA gene sequences can be followed across scores of individual studies, revealing patterns of diversity, community structure, and life history strategy at a planetary scale. Using 27,751 crowdsourced environmental samples comprising more than 2.2 billion reads, we find sharp divides between host-associated and free-living communities. We show that the distribution of taxonomic and sequence diversity follows consistent trends across samples types and along gradients of environmental parameters, highlighting some of the global evolutionary patterns and ecological principles that underpin Earth’s microbiome. Here, this dataset provides the most complete environmental survey of our microbial world to date, and serves as a growing reference to provide immediate global context to future microbial surveys.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; W.M. Keck Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF); Australian Research Council; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Contributing Organization:
The Earth Microbiome Project Consortium
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830; AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1411914
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1467890
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-123888
Journal Information:
Nature (London), Vol. 551; ISSN 0028-0836
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 1285 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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dataset November 2017
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The murine vaginal microbiota and its perturbation by the human pathogen group B Streptococcus journal November 2018
Gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and obesity across the epidemiologic transition: the METS-Microbiome study protocol journal August 2018
Coexistence and cooperation in structured habitats journal March 2020
Charting the diversity of uncultured viruses of Archaea and Bacteria journal December 2019
Expanding the scope and scale of microbiome research journal September 2019
Fueling ab initio folding with marine metagenomics enables structure and function predictions of new protein families journal November 2019
tmap: an integrative framework based on topological data analysis for population-scale microbiome stratification and association studies journal December 2019
Host-associated microbiomes are predicted by immune system complexity and climate journal February 2020
Characterization of the total and viable bacterial and fungal communities associated with the International Space Station surfaces journal April 2019
Longitudinal homogenization of the microbiome between both occupants and the built environment in a cohort of United States Air Force Cadets journal May 2019
The occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes is associated with built environment microbiota in three tree fruit processing facilities journal August 2019
Challenges in the construction of knowledge bases for human microbiome-disease associations journal September 2019
A census-based estimate of Earth's bacterial and archaeal diversity journal February 2019
High-order interactions distort the functional landscape of microbial consortia journal December 2019
Low mutational load and high mutation rate variation in gut commensal bacteria journal March 2020
Latent environment allocation of microbial community data journal June 2018
Erythritol as a single carbon source improves cultural isolation of Burkholderia pseudomallei from rice paddy soils journal October 2019
Host-mediated microbiome engineering (HMME) of drought tolerance in the wheat rhizosphere journal December 2019
Parasite microbiome project: Grand challenges journal October 2019
Gut microbial features can predict host phenotype response to protein deficiency journal December 2018
Microbiome Research Is Becoming the Key to Better Understanding Health and Nutrition journal June 2018
A Genomic Outlook on Bioremediation: The Case of Arsenic Removal journal April 2018
The Rootstock Regulates Microbiome Diversity in Root and Rhizosphere Compartments of Vitis vinifera Cultivar Lambrusco journal September 2018
The Microbiome Stress Project: Toward a Global Meta-Analysis of Environmental Stressors and Their Effects on Microbial Communities journal January 2019
Defining the Distinct Skin and Gut Microbiomes of the Northern Pike (Esox lucius) journal September 2019
Unconventional Oil and Gas Energy Systems: An Unidentified Hotspot of Antimicrobial Resistance? journal October 2019
The Effects of Temperature on Animal Gut Microbiomes journal March 2020
The Role of Soil Fungi in K+ Plant Nutrition journal June 2019
Microbial Transformations of Organically Fermented Foods journal August 2019
Characterizing the Composition of the Pediatric Gut Microbiome: A Systematic Review journal December 2019
The Community Simulator: A Python package for microbial ecology text January 2019
Porting and optimizing UniFrac for GPUs text January 2020
Kelpie: generating full-length ‘amplicons’ from whole-metagenome datasets journal January 2019
Long-read viral metagenomics captures abundant and microdiverse viral populations and their niche-defining genomic islands journal January 2019
DISCo-microbe: design of an identifiable synthetic community of microbes journal January 2020

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