Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer

Beiersdorfer, P.; Magee, E. W.; Brown, G. V.; Chen, H.; Emig, J.; Hell, N.; Bitter, M.; Hill, K. W.; Allan, P.; Brown, C. R. D.; Hill, M. P.; Hoarty, D. J.; Hobbs, L. M. R.; James, S. F.

doi:10.1063/1.4952748

Title: Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer

Abstract

Here, we have developed a high-resolution x-ray spectrometer for measuring the shapes of spectral lines produced from laser-irradiated targets on the Orion laser facility. The instrument utilizes a spherically bent crystal geometry to spatially focus and spectrally analyze photons from foil or microdot targets. The high photon collection efficiency resulting from its imaging properties allows the instrument to be mounted outside the Orion chamber, where it is far less sensitive to particles, hard x-rays, or electromagnetic pulses than instruments housed close to the target chamber center in ten-inch manipulators. Moreover, Bragg angles above 50° are possible, which provide greatly improved spectral resolution compared to radially viewing, near grazing-incidence crystal spectrometers. These properties make the new instrument an ideal lineshape diagnostic for determining plasma temperature and density. We describe its calibration on the Livermore electron beam ion trap facility and present spectral data of the K-shell emission from highly charged sulfur produced by long-pulse as well as short-pulse beams on the Orion laser in the United Kingdom.

Authors:

Beiersdorfer, P. ^[1]; Magee, E. W. ^[1]; Brown, G. V. ^[1]; Chen, H. ^[1]; Emig, J. ^[1]; Hell, N. ^[2]; Bitter, M. ^[3]; Hill, K. W. ^[3]; Allan, P. ^[4]; Brown, C. R. D. ^[4]; Hill, M. P. ^[4]; Hoarty, D. J. ^[4]; Hobbs, L. M. R. ^[4]; James, S. F. ^[4]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Univ. Erlangen-Nurnberg, Bamberg (Germany)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
AWE plc, Reading (United Kingdom)

Publication Date:: Mon Jun 06 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1411695

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1255626

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-684087
Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Review of Scientific Instruments

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 87; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION; 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Beiersdorfer, P., Magee, E. W., Brown, G. V., Chen, H., Emig, J., Hell, N., Bitter, M., Hill, K. W., Allan, P., Brown, C. R. D., Hill, M. P., Hoarty, D. J., Hobbs, L. M. R., and James, S. F. Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.4952748.

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                    Beiersdorfer, P., Magee, E. W., Brown, G. V., Chen, H., Emig, J., Hell, N., Bitter, M., Hill, K. W., Allan, P., Brown, C. R. D., Hill, M. P., Hoarty, D. J., Hobbs, L. M. R., & James, S. F. Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4952748

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                    Beiersdorfer, P., Magee, E. W., Brown, G. V., Chen, H., Emig, J., Hell, N., Bitter, M., Hill, K. W., Allan, P., Brown, C. R. D., Hill, M. P., Hoarty, D. J., Hobbs, L. M. R., and James, S. F. Mon .  
"Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4952748.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1411695.

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@article{osti_1411695,

  title        = {Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer},

  author       = {Beiersdorfer, P. and Magee, E. W. and Brown, G. V. and Chen, H. and Emig, J. and Hell, N. and Bitter, M. and Hill, K. W. and Allan, P. and Brown, C. R. D. and Hill, M. P. and Hoarty, D. J. and Hobbs, L. M. R. and James, S. F.},

  abstractNote = {Here, we have developed a high-resolution x-ray spectrometer for measuring the shapes of spectral lines produced from laser-irradiated targets on the Orion laser facility. The instrument utilizes a spherically bent crystal geometry to spatially focus and spectrally analyze photons from foil or microdot targets. The high photon collection efficiency resulting from its imaging properties allows the instrument to be mounted outside the Orion chamber, where it is far less sensitive to particles, hard x-rays, or electromagnetic pulses than instruments housed close to the target chamber center in ten-inch manipulators. Moreover, Bragg angles above 50° are possible, which provide greatly improved spectral resolution compared to radially viewing, near grazing-incidence crystal spectrometers. These properties make the new instrument an ideal lineshape diagnostic for determining plasma temperature and density. We describe its calibration on the Livermore electron beam ion trap facility and present spectral data of the K-shell emission from highly charged sulfur produced by long-pulse as well as short-pulse beams on the Orion laser in the United Kingdom.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.4952748},

  journal      = {Review of Scientific Instruments},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 87,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jun 06 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Mon Jun 06 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

Two-dimensional spectrally resolved position-sensitive proportional counter for plasma imaging
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A high-resolution imaging x-ray crystal spectrometer for high energy density plasmas
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Chen, Hui; Bitter, M.; Hill, K. W.
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Observations of the Effect of Ionization-Potential Depression in Hot Dense Plasma
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Spherical quartz crystals investigated with synchrotron radiation
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Measurements of emission spectra from hot, dense germanium plasma in short pulse laser experiments
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Imaging x-ray crystal spectrometers for the National Spherical Torus Experiment
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Monochromatic focusing of subpicosecond x-ray pulses in the keV range
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Towards laboratory produced relativistic electron–positron pair plasmas
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Hill, K. W.; Bitter, M. L.; Scott, S. D.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 79, Issue 10
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Wide-band, high-resolution soft x-ray spectrometer for the Electron Beam Ion Trap
journal, January 1999

Brown, G. V.; Beiersdorfer, P.; Widmann, K.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 70, Issue 1
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FSSR mica spherical crystal spectrometer with CCD detector for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy of femtosecond laser produced plasma
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Geindre, J. P.; Audebert, P.; Rousse, A.
Physica Scripta, Vol. 53, Issue 6
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Time resolved spectroscopy of ultrashort pulse laser generated x rays using von Hámos crystal spectroscopy
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K ‐ and L ‐shell x‐ray spectroscopy of indirectly driven implosions (invited)
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Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 27
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The ITER core imaging x-ray spectrometer
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Temperature of the ions produced and trapped in an electron‐beam ion trap
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Chen, Hui; Wilks, S. C.; Meyerhofer, D. D.
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The effect of improved satellite line shapes on the argon Heβ spectral feature
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High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 4
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High-resolution x-ray spectromicroscopy with the Tokyo electron beam ion trap
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High-resolution compact Johann crystal spectrometer with the Livermore electron beam ion trap
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Lineshape measurements of He- β spectra on the ORION laser facility
journal, October 2016

Beiersdorfer, P.; Brown, G. V.; Shepherd, R.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1063/1.4965233

Laser-driven strong magnetostatic fields with applications to charged beam transport and magnetized high energy-density physics
journal, May 2018

Santos, J. J.; Bailly-Grandvaux, M.; Ehret, M.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.5018735

High resolution, high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer for measurements of line shifts in high-density plasmas
journal, October 2018

Beiersdorfer, P.; Magee, E. W.; Brown, G. V.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1063/1.5035303

Experimental comparison of spherically bent HAPG and Ge crystals
journal, October 2018

Hell, N.; Lockard, T.; Beiersdorfer, P.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1063/1.5038003

Observation of He-like Satellite Lines of the H-like Potassium K xix Emission
journal, August 2019

Weller, M. E.; Beiersdorfer, P.; Lockard, T. E.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 881, Issue 2
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2dff

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Title: Lineshape spectroscopy with a very high resolution, very high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer

Abstract

Citation Formats

Two-dimensional spectrally resolved position-sensitive proportional counter for plasma imaging journal, October 2004

Low energy x‐ray spectrometer for an electron beam ion trap journal, January 1994

The first data from the Orion laser; measurements of the spectrum of hot, dense aluminium journal, December 2013

Measurement of the temperature of cold highly charged ions produced in an electron beam ion trap journal, May 1995

Ultra fast x-ray streak camera for ten inch manipulator based platforms journal, October 2012

A high-resolution imaging x-ray crystal spectrometer for high energy density plasmas journal, November 2014

Observations of the Effect of Ionization-Potential Depression in Hot Dense Plasma journal, June 2013

LXI. Preliminary notice of the results accomplished in the manufacture and theory of gratings for optical purposes journal, January 1882

High-resolution spectroscopy for Doppler-broadening ion temperature measurements of implosions at the National Ignition Facility journal, October 2012

Spherical quartz crystals investigated with synchrotron radiation journal, October 2015

Focusing, in-chamber spectrometer triplet for high resolution measurements on the Sandia Z facility journal, October 2006

Measurements of emission spectra from hot, dense germanium plasma in short pulse laser experiments journal, January 2010

Imaging x-ray crystal spectrometers for the National Spherical Torus Experiment journal, January 1999

Monochromatic focusing of subpicosecond x-ray pulses in the keV range journal, February 1999

Röntgenspektroskopie und Abbildung mittels gekrümmter Kristallreflektoren. I. Geometrisch-optische Betrachtungen journal, January 1933

A brief overview of the Fusion and Astrophysics Data and Diagnostic Calibration Facility conference, July 2010

Towards laboratory produced relativistic electron–positron pair plasmas journal, December 2011

XXIX. On concave gratings for optical purposes journal, September 1883

Energy Level and Line Tables for One-Electron Atomic Spectra* journal, January 1965

A spatially resolving x-ray crystal spectrometer for measurement of ion-temperature and rotation-velocity profiles on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak journal, October 2008

Wide-band, high-resolution soft x-ray spectrometer for the Electron Beam Ion Trap journal, January 1999

FSSR mica spherical crystal spectrometer with CCD detector for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy of femtosecond laser produced plasma journal, June 1996

Time resolved spectroscopy of ultrashort pulse laser generated x rays using von Hámos crystal spectroscopy journal, October 2004

K ‐ and L ‐shell x‐ray spectroscopy of indirectly driven implosions (invited) journal, October 1992

Characterization of spatially resolved high resolution x-ray spectrometers for high energy density physics and light source experiments journal, November 2014

X-ray Reflectivity of Curved Alpha-Quartz Crystals journal, January 2004

High-resolution x-ray spectromicroscopy of fs laser-produced plasma by tunable high-luminosity spherical crystal spectrometers with x-ray CCD or MCP conference, November 2001

High-performance x-ray spectroscopic devices for plasma microsources investigations journal, October 1994

X-Ray Emission from Laser-Produced Plasmas journal, September 1974

Observation of Lifetime-Limited X-Ray Linewidths in Cold Highly Charged Ions journal, December 1996

The ITER core imaging x-ray spectrometer journal, July 2010

Temperature of the ions produced and trapped in an electron‐beam ion trap journal, January 1995

Relativistic Quasimonoenergetic Positron Jets from Intense Laser-Solid Interactions journal, July 2010

The effect of improved satellite line shapes on the argon Heβ spectral feature journal, December 2013

High-resolution x-ray spectromicroscopy with the Tokyo electron beam ion trap journal, March 1999

High‐resolution x‐ray spectrometer for an electron beam ion trap journal, September 1990

Relativistic Positron Creation Using Ultraintense Short Pulse Lasers journal, March 2009

Ultrahigh contrast from a frequency-doubled chirped-pulse-amplification beamline journal, January 2013

Spatially resolved spectra from a new x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer for measurements of ion and electron temperature profiles (invited) journal, October 2004

Development of a ten inch manipulators-based, flexible, broadband two-crystal spectrometer journal, November 2014

The use of a Spherically Curved Crystal Spectrometer for X-ray Measurements on Electron Beam Ion Trap journal, August 1998

High‐pressure position‐sensitive proportional counter journal, January 1995

Flat and Spherically Bent Muscovite (Mica) Crystals for X-ray Spectroscopy journal, February 1998

Comprehensive description of the Orion laser facility journal, April 2015

High-resolution compact Johann crystal spectrometer with the Livermore electron beam ion trap journal, October 2004

High-resolution crystal spectrometer for the 10–60 Å extreme ultraviolet region journal, October 2004

Measurements of Electron Transport in Foils Irradiated with a Picosecond Time Scale Laser Pulse journal, May 2011

Very high resolution soft x-ray spectrometer for an electron beam ion trap journal, January 1997

Lineshape measurements of He- β spectra on the ORION laser facility journal, October 2016

Laser-driven strong magnetostatic fields with applications to charged beam transport and magnetized high energy-density physics journal, May 2018

High resolution, high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer for measurements of line shifts in high-density plasmas journal, October 2018

Experimental comparison of spherically bent HAPG and Ge crystals journal, October 2018

Observation of He-like Satellite Lines of the H-like Potassium K xix Emission journal, August 2019

Two-dimensional spectrally resolved position-sensitive proportional counter for plasma imaging
journal, October 2004

Low energy x‐ray spectrometer for an electron beam ion trap
journal, January 1994

The first data from the Orion laser; measurements of the spectrum of hot, dense aluminium
journal, December 2013

Measurement of the temperature of cold highly charged ions produced in an electron beam ion trap
journal, May 1995

Ultra fast x-ray streak camera for ten inch manipulator based platforms
journal, October 2012

A high-resolution imaging x-ray crystal spectrometer for high energy density plasmas
journal, November 2014

Observations of the Effect of Ionization-Potential Depression in Hot Dense Plasma
journal, June 2013

LXI. Preliminary notice of the results accomplished in the manufacture and theory of gratings for optical purposes
journal, January 1882

High-resolution spectroscopy for Doppler-broadening ion temperature measurements of implosions at the National Ignition Facility
journal, October 2012

Spherical quartz crystals investigated with synchrotron radiation
journal, October 2015

Focusing, in-chamber spectrometer triplet for high resolution measurements on the Sandia Z facility
journal, October 2006

Measurements of emission spectra from hot, dense germanium plasma in short pulse laser experiments
journal, January 2010

Imaging x-ray crystal spectrometers for the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, January 1999

Monochromatic focusing of subpicosecond x-ray pulses in the keV range
journal, February 1999

Röntgenspektroskopie und Abbildung mittels gekrümmter Kristallreflektoren. I. Geometrisch-optische Betrachtungen
journal, January 1933

A brief overview of the Fusion and Astrophysics Data and Diagnostic Calibration Facility
conference, July 2010

Towards laboratory produced relativistic electron–positron pair plasmas
journal, December 2011

XXIX. On concave gratings for optical purposes
journal, September 1883

Energy Level and Line Tables for One-Electron Atomic Spectra*
journal, January 1965

A spatially resolving x-ray crystal spectrometer for measurement of ion-temperature and rotation-velocity profiles on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, October 2008

Wide-band, high-resolution soft x-ray spectrometer for the Electron Beam Ion Trap
journal, January 1999

FSSR mica spherical crystal spectrometer with CCD detector for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy of femtosecond laser produced plasma
journal, June 1996

Time resolved spectroscopy of ultrashort pulse laser generated x rays using von Hámos crystal spectroscopy
journal, October 2004

K ‐ and L ‐shell x‐ray spectroscopy of indirectly driven implosions (invited)
journal, October 1992

Characterization of spatially resolved high resolution x-ray spectrometers for high energy density physics and light source experiments
journal, November 2014

X-ray Reflectivity of Curved Alpha-Quartz Crystals
journal, January 2004

High-resolution x-ray spectromicroscopy of fs laser-produced plasma by tunable high-luminosity spherical crystal spectrometers with x-ray CCD or MCP
conference, November 2001

High-performance x-ray spectroscopic devices for plasma microsources investigations
journal, October 1994

X-Ray Emission from Laser-Produced Plasmas
journal, September 1974

Observation of Lifetime-Limited X-Ray Linewidths in Cold Highly Charged Ions
journal, December 1996

The ITER core imaging x-ray spectrometer
journal, July 2010

Temperature of the ions produced and trapped in an electron‐beam ion trap
journal, January 1995

Relativistic Quasimonoenergetic Positron Jets from Intense Laser-Solid Interactions
journal, July 2010

The effect of improved satellite line shapes on the argon Heβ spectral feature
journal, December 2013

High-resolution x-ray spectromicroscopy with the Tokyo electron beam ion trap
journal, March 1999

High‐resolution x‐ray spectrometer for an electron beam ion trap
journal, September 1990

Relativistic Positron Creation Using Ultraintense Short Pulse Lasers
journal, March 2009

Ultrahigh contrast from a frequency-doubled chirped-pulse-amplification beamline
journal, January 2013

Spatially resolved spectra from a new x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer for measurements of ion and electron temperature profiles (invited)
journal, October 2004

Development of a ten inch manipulators-based, flexible, broadband two-crystal spectrometer
journal, November 2014

The use of a Spherically Curved Crystal Spectrometer for X-ray Measurements on Electron Beam Ion Trap
journal, August 1998

High‐pressure position‐sensitive proportional counter
journal, January 1995

Flat and Spherically Bent Muscovite (Mica) Crystals for X-ray Spectroscopy
journal, February 1998

Comprehensive description of the Orion laser facility
journal, April 2015

High-resolution compact Johann crystal spectrometer with the Livermore electron beam ion trap
journal, October 2004

High-resolution crystal spectrometer for the 10–60 Å extreme ultraviolet region
journal, October 2004

Measurements of Electron Transport in Foils Irradiated with a Picosecond Time Scale Laser Pulse
journal, May 2011

Very high resolution soft x-ray spectrometer for an electron beam ion trap
journal, January 1997

Lineshape measurements of He- β spectra on the ORION laser facility
journal, October 2016

Laser-driven strong magnetostatic fields with applications to charged beam transport and magnetized high energy-density physics
journal, May 2018

High resolution, high signal-to-noise crystal spectrometer for measurements of line shifts in high-density plasmas
journal, October 2018

Experimental comparison of spherically bent HAPG and Ge crystals
journal, October 2018

Observation of He-like Satellite Lines of the H-like Potassium K xix Emission
journal, August 2019