Picosecond phase-velocity dispersion of hypersonic phonons imaged with ultrafast electron microscopy
Abstract
We describe the direct imaging—with four-dimensional ultrafast electron microscopy—of the emergence, evolution, dispersion, and decay of photoexcited, hypersonic coherent acoustic phonons in nanoscale germanium wedges. Coherent strain waves generated via ultrafast in situ photoexcitation were imaged propagating with initial phase velocities of up to 35 km/s across discrete micrometer-scale crystal regions. We then observe that, while each wave front travels at a constant velocity, the entire wave train evolves with a time-varying phase-velocity dispersion, displaying a single-exponential decay to the longitudinal speed of sound (5 km/s) and with a mean lifetime of 280 ps. We also find that the wave trains propagate along a single in-plane direction oriented parallel to striations introduced during specimen preparation, independent of crystallographic direction. Elastic-plate modeling indicates the dynamics arise from excitation of a single, symmetric (dilatational) guided acoustic mode. Further, by precisely determining the experiment time-zero position with a plasma-lensing method, we find that wave-front emergence occurs approximately 100 ps after femtosecond photoexcitation, which matches well with Auger recombination times in germanium. We conclude by discussing the similarities between the imaged hypersonic strain-wave dynamics and electron/hole plasma-wave dynamics in strongly photoexcited semiconductors.
- Authors:
-
[1]
- Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1411174
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1411276
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0018204; DMR-1420013
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 7; Related Information: https://journals.aps.org/prmaterials/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.073801; Journal ID: ISSN 2475-9953
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; ultrafast electron microscopy; electron-phonon coupling; semiconductors; mechanical and acoustical properties; transmission electron microscopy
Citation Formats
Cremons, Daniel R., Du, Daniel X., and Flannigan, David J. Picosecond phase-velocity dispersion of hypersonic phonons imaged with ultrafast electron microscopy. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.073801.
Cremons, Daniel R., Du, Daniel X., & Flannigan, David J. Picosecond phase-velocity dispersion of hypersonic phonons imaged with ultrafast electron microscopy. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.073801
Cremons, Daniel R., Du, Daniel X., and Flannigan, David J. Tue .
"Picosecond phase-velocity dispersion of hypersonic phonons imaged with ultrafast electron microscopy". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.073801. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1411174.
@article{osti_1411174,
title = {Picosecond phase-velocity dispersion of hypersonic phonons imaged with ultrafast electron microscopy},
author = {Cremons, Daniel R. and Du, Daniel X. and Flannigan, David J.},
abstractNote = {We describe the direct imaging—with four-dimensional ultrafast electron microscopy—of the emergence, evolution, dispersion, and decay of photoexcited, hypersonic coherent acoustic phonons in nanoscale germanium wedges. Coherent strain waves generated via ultrafast in situ photoexcitation were imaged propagating with initial phase velocities of up to 35 km/s across discrete micrometer-scale crystal regions. We then observe that, while each wave front travels at a constant velocity, the entire wave train evolves with a time-varying phase-velocity dispersion, displaying a single-exponential decay to the longitudinal speed of sound (5 km/s) and with a mean lifetime of 280 ps. We also find that the wave trains propagate along a single in-plane direction oriented parallel to striations introduced during specimen preparation, independent of crystallographic direction. Elastic-plate modeling indicates the dynamics arise from excitation of a single, symmetric (dilatational) guided acoustic mode. Further, by precisely determining the experiment time-zero position with a plasma-lensing method, we find that wave-front emergence occurs approximately 100 ps after femtosecond photoexcitation, which matches well with Auger recombination times in germanium. We conclude by discussing the similarities between the imaged hypersonic strain-wave dynamics and electron/hole plasma-wave dynamics in strongly photoexcited semiconductors.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.073801},
journal = {Physical Review Materials},
number = 7,
volume = 1,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Tue Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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