Improved measurements of turbulence in the hot gaseous atmospheres of nearby giant elliptical galaxies
Abstract
Here, we present significantly improved measurements of turbulent velocities in the hot gaseous haloes of nearby giant elliptical galaxies. Using deep XMM–NewtonReflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) observations and a combination of resonance scattering and direct line broadening methods, we obtain well bounded constraints for 13 galaxies. Assuming that the turbulence is isotropic, we obtain a best-fitting mean 1D turbulent velocity of 110 km s-1. This implies a typical 3D Mach number ~0.45 and a typical non-thermal pressure contribution of ~6 per cent in the cores of nearby massive galaxies. The intrinsic scatter around these values is modest – consistent with zero, albeit with large statistical uncertainty – hinting at a common and quasi-continuous mechanism sourcing the velocity structure in these objects. Using conservative estimates of the spatial scales associated with the observed turbulent motions, we find that turbulent heating can be sufficient to offset radiative cooling in the inner regions of these galaxies (<10 kpc, typically 2–3 kpc). The full potential of our analysis methods will be enabled by future X-ray micro-calorimeter observations.
- Authors:
-
- Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
- Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge (United Kingdom)
- MTA-Eotvos Univ. Lendulet Hot Universe Research Group, Budapest (Hungary); Masaryk Univ., Brno (Czech Republic)
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht (The Netherlands); Leiden Univ., Leiden (The Netherlands)
- SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht (The Netherlands)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1410450
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; 340442
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 472; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Royal Astronomical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; X-ray: galaxies: clusters; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; turbulence; radiative transfer; techniques: spectroscopic
Citation Formats
Ogorzalek, A., Zhuravleva, I., Allen, S. W., Pinto, C., Werner, N., Mantz, A. B., Canning, R. E. A., Fabian, A. C., Kaastra, J. S., and de Plaa, J. Improved measurements of turbulence in the hot gaseous atmospheres of nearby giant elliptical galaxies. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2030.
Ogorzalek, A., Zhuravleva, I., Allen, S. W., Pinto, C., Werner, N., Mantz, A. B., Canning, R. E. A., Fabian, A. C., Kaastra, J. S., & de Plaa, J. Improved measurements of turbulence in the hot gaseous atmospheres of nearby giant elliptical galaxies. United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2030
Ogorzalek, A., Zhuravleva, I., Allen, S. W., Pinto, C., Werner, N., Mantz, A. B., Canning, R. E. A., Fabian, A. C., Kaastra, J. S., and de Plaa, J. Sat .
"Improved measurements of turbulence in the hot gaseous atmospheres of nearby giant elliptical galaxies". United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2030. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1410450.
@article{osti_1410450,
title = {Improved measurements of turbulence in the hot gaseous atmospheres of nearby giant elliptical galaxies},
author = {Ogorzalek, A. and Zhuravleva, I. and Allen, S. W. and Pinto, C. and Werner, N. and Mantz, A. B. and Canning, R. E. A. and Fabian, A. C. and Kaastra, J. S. and de Plaa, J.},
abstractNote = {Here, we present significantly improved measurements of turbulent velocities in the hot gaseous haloes of nearby giant elliptical galaxies. Using deep XMM–NewtonReflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) observations and a combination of resonance scattering and direct line broadening methods, we obtain well bounded constraints for 13 galaxies. Assuming that the turbulence is isotropic, we obtain a best-fitting mean 1D turbulent velocity of 110 km s-1. This implies a typical 3D Mach number ~0.45 and a typical non-thermal pressure contribution of ~6 per cent in the cores of nearby massive galaxies. The intrinsic scatter around these values is modest – consistent with zero, albeit with large statistical uncertainty – hinting at a common and quasi-continuous mechanism sourcing the velocity structure in these objects. Using conservative estimates of the spatial scales associated with the observed turbulent motions, we find that turbulent heating can be sufficient to offset radiative cooling in the inner regions of these galaxies (<10 kpc, typically 2–3 kpc). The full potential of our analysis methods will be enabled by future X-ray micro-calorimeter observations.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stx2030},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 2,
volume = 472,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {8}
}
Web of Science
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Cooling in the X-ray halo of the rotating, massive early-type galaxy NGC 7049
journal, January 2019
- Juráňová, A.; Werner, N.; Gaspari, M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 484, Issue 2
Limits on turbulent propagation of energy in cool-core clusters of galaxies
journal, April 2018
- Bambic, C. J.; Pinto, C.; Fabian, A. C.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 478, Issue 1
Physical Origins of Gas Motions in Galaxy Cluster Cores: Interpreting Hitomi Observations of the Perseus Cluster
journal, October 2017
- Lau, Erwin T.; Gaspari, Massimo; Nagai, Daisuke
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 849, Issue 1
Shaken Snow Globes: Kinematic Tracers of the Multiphase Condensation Cascade in Massive Galaxies, Groups, and Clusters
journal, February 2018
- Gaspari, M.; McDonald, M.; Hamer, S. L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 854, Issue 2
Acoustic Disturbances in Galaxy Clusters
journal, April 2018
- Zweibel, Ellen G.; Mirnov, Vladimir V.; Ruszkowski, Mateusz
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 858, Issue 1
Resonant Scattering Effect on the Soft X-Ray Line Emission from the Hot Interstellar Medium. I. Galactic Bulges
journal, July 2018
- Chen, Yang; Wang, Q. Daniel; Zhang, Gao-Yuan
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 2
Gas Perturbations in the Cool Cores of Galaxy Clusters: Effective Equation of State, Velocity Power Spectra, and Turbulent Heating
journal, September 2018
- Zhuravleva, Irina; Allen, Steven W.; Mantz, Adam
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 865, Issue 1
A Multifiltering Study of Turbulence in a Large Sample of Simulated Galaxy Clusters
journal, March 2019
- Valdarnini, R.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 1
The Extremely High Dark Matter Halo Concentration of the Relic Compact Elliptical Galaxy Mrk 1216
journal, May 2019
- Buote, David A.; Barth, Aaron J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 877, Issue 2
AGN feedback in the Phoenix cluster
text, January 2018
- Pinto, Ciro; Bambic, Cj; Sanders, Js
- Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Limits on turbulent propagation of energy in cool-core clusters of galaxies
text, January 2018
- Bambic, Cj; Pinto, Ciro; Fabian, Ac
- Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Physical Origins of Gas Motions in Galaxy Cluster Cores: Interpreting Hitomi Observations of the Perseus Cluster
text, January 2017
- Lau, Erwin T.; Gaspari, Massimo; Nagai, Daisuke
- arXiv
Measuring turbulence and gas motions in galaxy clusters via synthetic Athena X-IFU observations
text, January 2018
- Roncarelli, M.; Gaspari, M.; Ettori, S.
- arXiv
Resonant scattering effect on the soft X-ray line emission from the hot interstellar medium: I. galactic bulges
text, January 2018
- Chen, Yang; Wang, Q. Daniel; Zhang, Gao-Yuan
- arXiv
An XMM-Newton look at the strongly variable radio-weak BL Lac Fermi J1544-0639
text, January 2019
- Ursini, F.; Bassani, L.; Panessa, F.
- arXiv
Constraining Gas Motions in the Intra-Cluster Medium
text, January 2019
- Simionescu, A.; ZuHone, J.; Zhuravleva, I.
- arXiv
The Extremely High Dark Matter Halo Concentration of the Relic Compact Elliptical Galaxy Mrk 1216
text, January 2019
- Buote, David A.; Barth, Aaron J.
- arXiv
A multifiltering study of turbulence in a large sample of simulated galaxy clusters
text, January 2019
- Valdarnini, R.
- arXiv
Measuring bulk flows of the intracluster medium in the Perseus and Coma galaxy clusters using XMM-Newton
text, January 2019
- Sanders, J. S.; Dennerl, K.; Russell, H. R.
- arXiv