Dependence of intrinsic torque and momentum confinement on normalized gyroradius and collisionality in the DIII-D tokamak
Abstract
The dependence of intrinsic torque and momentum confinement time on normalized gyroradius ( ) and collisionality ( ) have been measured in the DIII-D tokamak. Intrinsic torque normalized to temperature is found to have and dependencies of 1:5 0:8 and 0:26 0:04 . This dependence on is unexpectedly favorable (increasing as decreases). The choice of normalization is important and the implications are discussed. The unexpected dependence on is found to be robust, despite some uncertainty in the choice of normalization. The dependence of momentum confinement on does not clearly demonstrate Bohm or gyro-Bohm like scaling, and a weaker dependence on is found. The calculations required to use these dependencies to determine the intrinsic torqe in a future tokamak like ITER are presentend, and the importance of the normalization explained. Based on currently available information, the intrinsic torque predicted for ITER is 33 N m, comprable to the expected torque available from neutral beam injection. The expected average intrinsic rotation associated with this intrinsic torque is small compared to current tokamaks, but it may still aid stability and performance in ITER.
- Authors:
-
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo (Finland)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)
- Contributing Org.:
- This material is based on the work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, using the DIII-D National Fusion Facility, a DOE Office of Science user facility, under Award Nos. DE-FC02-04ER54698 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. This work was carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under Grant Agreement No. 633053. A portion of this work was conducted under the auspices of the ITPA Transport and Confinement Topical Group.
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1358664
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1373332; OSTI ID: 1374825; OSTI ID: 1405182
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FC02-04ER54698; AC02-09CH11466
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physics of Plasmas
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 24; Journal Issue: 4; Related Information: DIII-D data shown in this paper can be obtained in digital format at the following link https://fusion.gat.com/global/D3D_DMP.; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; charge-exchange spectroscopy; toroidal rotation; transport; plasma; jt-60u; mode; ions; ITER
Citation Formats
Chrystal, C., Grierson, B. A., Solomon, W. M., Tala, T., deGrassie, J. S., Petty, C. C., Salmi, A., and Burrell, K. H. Dependence of intrinsic torque and momentum confinement on normalized gyroradius and collisionality in the DIII-D tokamak. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4978563.
Chrystal, C., Grierson, B. A., Solomon, W. M., Tala, T., deGrassie, J. S., Petty, C. C., Salmi, A., & Burrell, K. H. Dependence of intrinsic torque and momentum confinement on normalized gyroradius and collisionality in the DIII-D tokamak. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4978563
Chrystal, C., Grierson, B. A., Solomon, W. M., Tala, T., deGrassie, J. S., Petty, C. C., Salmi, A., and Burrell, K. H. Wed .
"Dependence of intrinsic torque and momentum confinement on normalized gyroradius and collisionality in the DIII-D tokamak". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4978563. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1358664.
@article{osti_1358664,
title = {Dependence of intrinsic torque and momentum confinement on normalized gyroradius and collisionality in the DIII-D tokamak},
author = {Chrystal, C. and Grierson, B. A. and Solomon, W. M. and Tala, T. and deGrassie, J. S. and Petty, C. C. and Salmi, A. and Burrell, K. H.},
abstractNote = {The dependence of intrinsic torque and momentum confinement time on normalized gyroradius ( ) and collisionality ( ) have been measured in the DIII-D tokamak. Intrinsic torque normalized to temperature is found to have and dependencies of 1:5 0:8 and 0:26 0:04 . This dependence on is unexpectedly favorable (increasing as decreases). The choice of normalization is important and the implications are discussed. The unexpected dependence on is found to be robust, despite some uncertainty in the choice of normalization. The dependence of momentum confinement on does not clearly demonstrate Bohm or gyro-Bohm like scaling, and a weaker dependence on is found. The calculations required to use these dependencies to determine the intrinsic torqe in a future tokamak like ITER are presentend, and the importance of the normalization explained. Based on currently available information, the intrinsic torque predicted for ITER is 33 N m, comprable to the expected torque available from neutral beam injection. The expected average intrinsic rotation associated with this intrinsic torque is small compared to current tokamaks, but it may still aid stability and performance in ITER.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4978563},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 4,
volume = 24,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Modelling resistive wall modes in ITER with self-consistent inclusion of drift kinetic resonances
journal, February 2009
- Liu, Yueqiang; Chu, M. S.; Chapman, I. T.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 3
Predictive simulations of ITER including neutral beam driven toroidal rotation
journal, June 2008
- Halpern, Federico D.; Kritz, Arnold H.; Bateman, Glenn
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 6
An overview of charge-exchange spectroscopy as a plasma diagnostic
journal, February 1994
- Isler, R. C.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 36, Issue 2
Plasma flow due to a loss-cone distribution centred around the outboard edge in DIII-D
journal, December 2011
- deGrassie, J. S.; Müller, S. H.; Boedo, J. A.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 52, Issue 1
Neoclassical transport of heavy impurities with poloidally asymmetric density distribution in tokamaks
journal, November 2014
- Angioni, C.; Helander, P.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 12
Experimental observations of driven and intrinsic rotation in tokamak plasmas
journal, July 2016
- Rice, J. E.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 8
Experimental Investigation of the Role of Fluid Turbulent Stresses and Edge Plasma Flows for Intrinsic Rotation Generation in DIII-D -Mode Plasmas
journal, March 2011
- Müller, S. H.; Boedo, J. A.; Burrell, K. H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 11
Studies of MHD behaviour in JT-60U
journal, March 2003
- Ozeki, T.; team, Jt-60
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 45, Issue 5
Resistive Wall Mode Instability at Intermediate Plasma Rotation
journal, January 2010
- Berkery, J. W.; Sabbagh, S. A.; Betti, R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 3
Poloidally and radially resolved parallel D+ velocity measurements in the DIII-D boundary and comparison to neoclassical computations
journal, March 2011
- Boedo, J. A.; Belli, E. A.; Hollmann, E.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 3
Experimental determination of non-diffusive toroidal momentum flux in JT-60U
journal, March 1994
- Nagashima, K.; Koide, Y.; Shirai, H.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 34, Issue 3
Improved charge-coupled device detectors for high-speed, charge exchange spectroscopy studies on the DIII-D tokamak
journal, October 2004
- Burrell, K. H.; Gohil, P.; Groebner, R. J.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 75, Issue 10
Characterization of intrinsic rotation drive on DIII-D
journal, May 2011
- Solomon, W. M.; Burrell, K. H.; deGrassie, J. S.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 7
Measurements of the deuterium ion toroidal rotation in the DIII-D tokamak and comparison to neoclassical theory
journal, May 2012
- Grierson, B. A.; Burrell, K. H.; Heidbrink, W. W.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 5
Core momentum and particle transport studies in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak
journal, November 2011
- McDermott, R. M.; Angioni, C.; Dux, R.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 12
Intrinsic rotation generation in ELM-free H-mode plasmas in the DIII-D tokamak—Experimental observations
journal, July 2011
- Müller, S. H.; Boedo, J. A.; Burrell, K. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 7
Neoclassical ion transport in rotating axisymmetric plasmas
journal, January 1985
- Hinton, F. L.; Wong, S. K.
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 28, Issue 10
Application of dimensionless parameter scaling techniques to the design and interpretation of magnetic fusion experiments
journal, March 2008
- Luce, T. C.; Petty, C. C.; Cordey, J. G.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 50, Issue 4
Analytical calculation of neutral transport and its effect on ions
journal, January 1992
- Hazeltine, R. D.; Calvin, M. D.; Valanju, P. M.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 32, Issue 1
Momentum transport and plasma rotation profile in toroidal direction in JT-60U L-mode plasmas
journal, July 2007
- Yoshida, M.; Koide, Y.; Takenaga, H.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 8
Measurement of deuterium density profiles in the H-mode steep gradient region using charge exchange recombination spectroscopy on DIII-D
journal, September 2016
- Haskey, S. R.; Grierson, B. A.; Burrell, K. H.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11
Mechanisms for generating toroidal rotation in tokamaks without external momentum input
journal, May 2010
- Solomon, W. M.; Burrell, K. H.; Garofalo, A. M.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 5
Analytic formulae for centrifugal effects on turbulent transport of trace impurities in tokamak plasmas
journal, December 2012
- Angioni, C.; Casson, F. J.; Veth, C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 12
Demonstration of ITER operational scenarios on DIII-D
journal, June 2010
- Doyle, E. J.; DeBoo, J. C.; Ferron, J. R.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 50, Issue 7
ITER: burning plasma physics experiment
journal, March 2003
- Green, B. J.; Teams, ITER International Team and Partici
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 45, Issue 5
Access to high beta advanced inductive plasmas at low injected torque
journal, September 2013
- Solomon, W. M.; Politzer, P. A.; Buttery, R. J.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 9
Direct Observation of the Resistive Wall Mode in a Tokamak and Its Interaction with Plasma Rotation
journal, May 1999
- Garofalo, A. M.; Turnbull, A. D.; Austin, M. E.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 82, Issue 19
Active spectroscopic measurements of the bulk deuterium properties in the DIII-D tokamak (invited)
journal, October 2012
- Grierson, B. A.; Burrell, K. H.; Chrystal, C.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10
Evidence of Inward Toroidal Momentum Convection in the JET Tokamak
journal, February 2009
- Tala, T.; Zastrow, K. -D.; Ferreira, J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 7
Predicted toroidal rotation enhancement of fusion power production in ITER
journal, July 2006
- Staebler, G. M.; John, H. E. St
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 46, Issue 8
Consequences of profile shearing on toroidal momentum transport
journal, June 2011
- Camenen, Y.; Idomura, Y.; Jolliet, S.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 7
Collective electric field effects on the confinement of fast ions in tokamaks
journal, April 2006
- McClements, K. G.; Thyagaraja, A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 4
Intrinsic toroidal velocity near the edge of DIII-D H-mode plasmas
journal, July 2009
- deGrassie, J. S.; Groebner, R. J.; Burrell, K. H.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 8
Toroidal Momentum Pinch Velocity due to the Coriolis Drift Effect on Small Scale Instabilities in a Toroidal Plasma
journal, June 2007
- Peeters, A. G.; Angioni, C.; Strintzi, D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 26
Scaling of heat transport with collisionality
journal, March 1999
- Petty, C. C.; Luce, T. C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 3
Sizing up plasmas using dimensionless parameters
journal, August 2008
- Petty, C. C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 8
Inter-machine comparison of intrinsic toroidal rotation in tokamaks
journal, October 2007
- Rice, J. E.; Ince-Cushman, A.; deGrassie, J. S.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 11
Advances in understanding the generation and evolution of the toroidal rotation profile on DIII-D
journal, July 2009
- Solomon, W. M.; Burrell, K. H.; Garofalo, A. M.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 8
Effects of E×B velocity shear and magnetic shear on turbulence and transport in magnetic confinement devices
journal, May 1997
- Burrell, K. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 4, Issue 5
High resolution main-ion charge exchange spectroscopy in the DIII-D H-mode pedestal
journal, September 2016
- Grierson, B. A.; Burrell, K. H.; Chrystal, C.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11
Momentum-Transport Studies in High Shear Plasmas in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, August 2008
- Solomon, W. M.; Kaye, S. M.; Bell, R. E.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 6
The tokamak Monte Carlo fast ion module NUBEAM in the National Transport Code Collaboration library
journal, June 2004
- Pankin, Alexei; McCune, Douglas; Andre, Robert
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 159, Issue 3
Influence of toroidal rotation on transport and stability in hybrid scenario plasmas in DIII-D
journal, May 2008
- Politzer, P. A.; Petty, C. C.; Jayakumar, R. J.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 48, Issue 7
Overview of the design of the ITER heating neutral beam injectors
journal, February 2017
- Hemsworth, R. S.; Boilson, D.; Blatchford, P.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 2
Dimensionless size scaling of intrinsic rotation in DIII-D
journal, August 2016
- deGrassie, J. S.; Solomon, W. M.; Rice, J. E.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 8
Chapter 2: Plasma confinement and transport
journal, June 2007
- Physics), E. J. Doyle (Chair Transport; Modelling), W. A. Houlberg (Chair Confinement Da; Edge), Y. Kamada (Chair Pedestal and
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 6
An Empirical Approach to Tokamak Transport
book, January 1979
- Hawryluk, R. J.
- Physics of Plasmas Close to Thermonuclear Conditions, p. 19-46
Works referencing / citing this record:
Orchestrating TRANSP Simulations for Interpretative and Predictive Tokamak Modeling with OMFIT
journal, February 2018
- Grierson, B. A.; Yuan, X.; Gorelenkova, M.
- Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 74, Issue 1-2
Predicting the rotation profile in ITER
journal, January 2020
- Chrystal, C.; Grierson, B. A.; Haskey, S. R.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 60, Issue 3
On the very high energy confinement observed in super H-mode DIII-D experiments
journal, January 2020
- Ding, S.; Garofalo, A. M.; Knolker, M.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 60, Issue 3