Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment

Ahmed, Shabbir; Bloom, Ira; Jansen, Andrew N.; Tanim, Tanvir; Dufek, Eric J.; Pesaran, Ahmad; Burnham, Andrew; Carlson, Richard B.; Dias, Fernando; Hardy, Keith; Keyser, Matthew; Kreuzer, Cory; Markel, Anthony; Meintz, Andrew; Michelbacher, Christopher; Mohanpurkar, Manish; Nelson, Paul A.; Robertson, David C.; Scoffield, Don; Shirk, Matthew; Stephens, Thomas; Vijayagopal, Ram; Zhang, Jiucai

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.055

Title: Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment

Abstract

The battery technology literature is reviewed, with an emphasis on key elements that limit extreme fast charging. Key gaps in existing elements of the technology are presented as well as developmental needs. Among these needs are advanced models and methods to detect and prevent lithium plating; new positive-electrode materials which are less prone to stress-induced failure; better electrode designs to accommodate very rapid diffusion in and out of the electrode; measure temperature distributions during fast charge to enable / validate models; and develop thermal management and pack designs to accommodate the higher operating voltage.

Authors:

Ahmed, Shabbir ^[1]; Bloom, Ira ^[1]; Jansen, Andrew N. ^[1];

^[2];

^[2]; Pesaran, Ahmad ^[3]; Burnham, Andrew ^[1]; Carlson, Richard B. ^[2];

^[2]; Hardy, Keith ^[1]; Keyser, Matthew ^[3]; Kreuzer, Cory ^[3]; Markel, Anthony ^[3]; Meintz, Andrew ^[3]; Michelbacher, Christopher ^[2];

^[2]; Nelson, Paul A. ^[1]; Robertson, David C. ^[1]; Scoffield, Don ^[2];

^[2] more »

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Publication Date:: 2017-10-23

Research Org.:: Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

OSTI Identifier:: 1402680

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1418659; OSTI ID: 1496295

Report Number(s):: INL/JOU-17-41856; INL/JOU-17-41856-Rev000
Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753; PII: S0378775317308388; TRN: US1801215

Grant/Contract Number:: AC07-05ID14517; AC36-08GO28308; AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Power Sources

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 367; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; battery; electric vehicle; fast charging; Lithium-ion battery; developmental needs; extreme fast charging; lithium-ion battery

Citation Formats


                    Ahmed, Shabbir, Bloom, Ira, Jansen, Andrew N., Tanim, Tanvir, Dufek, Eric J., Pesaran, Ahmad, Burnham, Andrew, Carlson, Richard B., Dias, Fernando, Hardy, Keith, Keyser, Matthew, Kreuzer, Cory, Markel, Anthony, Meintz, Andrew, Michelbacher, Christopher, Mohanpurkar, Manish, Nelson, Paul A., Robertson, David C., Scoffield, Don, Shirk, Matthew, Stephens, Thomas, Vijayagopal, Ram, and Zhang, Jiucai. Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.055.

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                    Ahmed, Shabbir, Bloom, Ira, Jansen, Andrew N., Tanim, Tanvir, Dufek, Eric J., Pesaran, Ahmad, Burnham, Andrew, Carlson, Richard B., Dias, Fernando, Hardy, Keith, Keyser, Matthew, Kreuzer, Cory, Markel, Anthony, Meintz, Andrew, Michelbacher, Christopher, Mohanpurkar, Manish, Nelson, Paul A., Robertson, David C., Scoffield, Don, Shirk, Matthew, Stephens, Thomas, Vijayagopal, Ram, & Zhang, Jiucai. Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.055

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                    Ahmed, Shabbir, Bloom, Ira, Jansen, Andrew N., Tanim, Tanvir, Dufek, Eric J., Pesaran, Ahmad, Burnham, Andrew, Carlson, Richard B., Dias, Fernando, Hardy, Keith, Keyser, Matthew, Kreuzer, Cory, Markel, Anthony, Meintz, Andrew, Michelbacher, Christopher, Mohanpurkar, Manish, Nelson, Paul A., Robertson, David C., Scoffield, Don, Shirk, Matthew, Stephens, Thomas, Vijayagopal, Ram, and Zhang, Jiucai. Mon .  
"Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.055.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1402680.

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@article{osti_1402680,

  title        = {Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment},

  author       = {Ahmed, Shabbir and Bloom, Ira and Jansen, Andrew N. and Tanim, Tanvir and Dufek, Eric J. and Pesaran, Ahmad and Burnham, Andrew and Carlson, Richard B. and Dias, Fernando and Hardy, Keith and Keyser, Matthew and Kreuzer, Cory and Markel, Anthony and Meintz, Andrew and Michelbacher, Christopher and Mohanpurkar, Manish and Nelson, Paul A. and Robertson, David C. and Scoffield, Don and Shirk, Matthew and Stephens, Thomas and Vijayagopal, Ram and Zhang, Jiucai},

  abstractNote = {The battery technology literature is reviewed, with an emphasis on key elements that limit extreme fast charging. Key gaps in existing elements of the technology are presented as well as developmental needs. Among these needs are advanced models and methods to detect and prevent lithium plating; new positive-electrode materials which are less prone to stress-induced failure; better electrode designs to accommodate very rapid diffusion in and out of the electrode; measure temperature distributions during fast charge to enable / validate models; and develop thermal management and pack designs to accommodate the higher operating voltage.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.055},

  journal      = {Journal of Power Sources},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 367,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {10}

}

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Modeling the Effect of Fast Charge Scenario on the Cycle Life of a Lithium-Ion Battery
journal, January 2018

Koo, Boram; Yi, Jaeshin; Lee, Dongcheul
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DOI: 10.1149/2.0281816jes

Evolution of Electrochemical Cell Designs for In-Situ and Operando 3D Characterization
journal, November 2018

Tan, Chun; Daemi, Sohrab; Taiwo, Oluwadamilola
Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 11
DOI: 10.3390/ma11112157

Extreme Fast Charging Technology—Prospects to Enhance Sustainable Electric Transportation
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Ronanki, Deepak; Kelkar, Apoorva; Williamson, Sheldon S.
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DOI: 10.3390/en12193721

Elucidation of Separator Effect on Energy Density of Li-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2019

Parikh, Dhrupad; Christensen, Tommiejean; Hsieh, Chien-Te
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1149/2.0571914jes

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Title: Enabling fast charging – A battery technology gap assessment

Abstract

Citation Formats

Review of selected electrode–solution interactions which determine the performance of Li and Li ion batteries journal, August 2000

Challenge of portable power journal, February 1995

Inner-orbital photoelectron spectroscopy of the alkali metal halides, perchlorates, phosphates, and pyrophosphates journal, February 1973

Electrical and structural studies of lithium fluorophosphate glasses journal, March 1995

In Situ Raman Study on Electrochemical Li Intercalation into Graphite journal, January 1995

Stage Transformation of Lithium-Graphite Intercalation Compounds Caused by Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation journal, January 1999

The effect of the charging protocol on the cycle life of a Li-ion battery journal, October 2006

In-Situ Detection of Lithium Plating Using High Precision Coulometry journal, January 2015

Study of the charging process of a LiCoO2-based Li-ion battery journal, October 2006

Lithium plating in a commercial lithium-ion battery – A low-temperature aging study journal, February 2015

Low-temperature charging of lithium-ion cells part I: Electrochemical modeling and experimental investigation of degradation behavior journal, April 2014

The Effects of Defects on Localized Plating in Lithium-Ion Batteries journal, January 2015

Optimizing Areal Capacities through Understanding the Limitations of Lithium-Ion Electrodes journal, November 2015

Nondestructive detection, characterization, and quantification of lithium plating in commercial lithium-ion batteries journal, May 2014

A new method for detecting lithium plating by measuring the cell thickness journal, September 2014

In Situ Detection of Lithium Plating on Graphite Electrodes by Electrochemical Calorimetry journal, January 2013

Lithium Plating on Graphite Negative Electrodes: Innovative Qualitative and Quantitative Investigation Methods journal, January 2015

Alloy Negative Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries journal, October 2014

Development of long life lithium ion battery for power storage journal, October 2001

Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires journal, April 2009

High rate cycling performance of nanosized Li4Ti5O12/graphene composites for lithium ion batteries journal, February 2016

Nano-sized Li4Ti5O12/C anode material with ultrafast charge/discharge capability for lithium ion batteries journal, June 2016

A robust strategy for crafting monodisperse Li4Ti5O12 nanospheres as superior rate anode for lithium ion batteries journal, March 2016

Excellent long-term cycling stability of La-doped Li4Ti5O12 anode material at high current rates journal, January 2012

Influence of Sc3+ doping in B-site on electrochemical performance of Li4Ti5O12 anode materials for lithium-ion battery journal, March 2014

Simply AlF3-treated Li4Ti5O12 composite anode materials for stable and ultrahigh power lithium-ion batteries journal, August 2013

Improved lithium storage performance of lithium sodium titanate anode by titanium site substitution with aluminum journal, October 2015

Enhanced lithium storage capability of sodium lithium titanate via lithium-site doping journal, November 2015

Enhanced rate performance of lithium titanium oxide anode material by bromine doping journal, July 2015

High Rate Capability of Lithium Chromium Titanium Oxide Hierarchical Mesoporous Microspheres Anode Materials Synthesized by a One-Pot Co-Precipitation for Lithium Ion Batteries journal, January 2016

Hydrothermal synthesis of Zn-doped Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 with improved high rate properties for lithium ion batteries journal, August 2013

Binary and ternary Li-alloys as anode materials in rechargeable organic electrolyte Li-batteries journal, January 1986

Dimensionally stable Li-alloy electrodes for secondary batteries journal, August 1990

Small particle size multiphase Li-alloy anodes for lithium-ionbatteries journal, September 1996

A short review of failure mechanisms of lithium metal and lithiated graphite anodes in liquid electrolyte solutions journal, June 2002

Morphological Transitions on Lithium Metal Anodes journal, January 2009

Insights into the Role of Interphasial Morphology on the Electrochemical Performance of Lithium Electrodes journal, January 2012

Nano-structural changes in Li-ion battery cathodes during cycling revealed by FIB-SEM serial sectioning tomography journal, January 2015

Probing the Thermal Implications in Mechanical Degradation of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes journal, January 2014

Stress generation and fracture in lithium insertion materials journal, March 2006

Understanding the accumulated cycle capacity fade caused by the secondary particle fracture of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 cathode for lithium ion batteries journal, October 2016

A New Coating Method for Alleviating Surface Degradation of LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 Cathode Material: Nanoscale Surface Treatment of Primary Particles journal, February 2015

Cracking causing cyclic instability of LiFePO4 cathode material journal, January 2005

A Mathematical Model of Stress Generation and Fracture in Lithium Manganese Oxide journal, January 2006

TEM Study of Electrochemical Cycling-Induced Damage and Disorder in LiCoO[sub 2] Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries journal, January 1999

Fast chargeability lithium polymer batteries conference, July 2008

A comprehensive understanding of electrode thickness effects on the electrochemical performances of Li-ion battery cathodes journal, June 2012

Experimental investigation of the lithium-ion battery impedance characteristic at various conditions and aging states and its influence on the application journal, February 2013

Low-temperature study of lithium-ion cells using a LiySn micro-reference electrode journal, December 2007

Small things make a big difference: binder effects on the performance of Li and Na batteries journal, January 2014

The effect of different binders on electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode material in lithium ion batteries journal, March 2013

Investigations on high energy lithium-ion batteries with aqueous binder journal, December 2013

On the behavior of different types of graphite anodes journal, June 2003

The effect of charging rate on the graphite electrode of commercial lithium-ion cells: A post-mortem study journal, December 2016

Fast charging technique for high power lithium iron phosphate batteries: A cycle life analysis journal, October 2013

Comparison of the capacity fade of Sony US 18650 cells charged with different protocols journal, July 2003

Boostcharging Li-ion batteries: A challenging new charging concept journal, July 2005

On charge conditions for Li-ion and other secondary lithium batteries with solid intercalation electrodes journal, June 1999

Mathematical Modeling of the Lithium Deposition Overcharge Reaction in Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Carbon-Based Negative Electrodes journal, January 1999

The study of electrochemical properties and lithium deposition of graphite at low temperature journal, February 2012

New charging strategy for lithium-ion batteries based on the integration of Taguchi method and state of charge estimation journal, January 2015

Effect of current pulses on lithium intercalation batteries journal, June 2002

The effects of pulse charging on cycling characteristics of commercial lithium-ion batteries journal, December 2001

A Design of an Optimal Battery Pulse Charge System by Frequency-Varied Technique journal, February 2007

Reducing Mass-Transport Limitations by Application of Special Pulsed Current Modes journal, January 2005

Unraveling transition metal dissolution of Li1.04Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM 111) in lithium ion full cells by using the total reflection X-ray fluorescence technique journal, October 2016

Battery Electric Vehicle Driving and Charging Behavior Observed Early in The EV Project journal, April 2012

Synthesis of Ni@NiSn Composite with High Lithium‐Ion Diffusion Coefficient for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries journal, November 2019

Electrochemical Quantification of Lithium Plating: Challenges and Considerations journal, January 2019

Finding the ideal automotive battery concept: A model-based approach on cell selection, modularization and thermal management journal, May 2019

Requirements for Enabling Extreme Fast Charging of High Energy Density Li-Ion Cells while Avoiding Lithium Plating journal, January 2019

Investigation of Lithium Plating-Stripping Process in Li-Ion Batteries at Low Temperature Using an Electrochemical Model journal, January 2018

Commercialization of Lithium Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles journal, June 2019

Extreme Fast Charge Challenges for Lithium-Ion Battery: Variability and Positive Electrode Issues journal, January 2019

Challenges of Fast Charging for Electric Vehicles and the Role of Red Phosphorous as Anode Material: Review journal, October 2019

Challenges and opportunities towards fast-charging battery materials journal, June 2019

Data-driven prediction of battery cycle life before capacity degradation journal, March 2019

Review of selected electrode–solution interactions which determine the performance of Li and Li ion batteries
journal, August 2000

Challenge of portable power
journal, February 1995

Inner-orbital photoelectron spectroscopy of the alkali metal halides, perchlorates, phosphates, and pyrophosphates
journal, February 1973

Electrical and structural studies of lithium fluorophosphate glasses
journal, March 1995

In Situ Raman Study on Electrochemical Li Intercalation into Graphite
journal, January 1995

Stage Transformation of Lithium-Graphite Intercalation Compounds Caused by Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation
journal, January 1999

The effect of the charging protocol on the cycle life of a Li-ion battery
journal, October 2006

In-Situ Detection of Lithium Plating Using High Precision Coulometry
journal, January 2015

Study of the charging process of a LiCoO2-based Li-ion battery
journal, October 2006

Lithium plating in a commercial lithium-ion battery – A low-temperature aging study
journal, February 2015

Low-temperature charging of lithium-ion cells part I: Electrochemical modeling and experimental investigation of degradation behavior
journal, April 2014

The Effects of Defects on Localized Plating in Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2015

Optimizing Areal Capacities through Understanding the Limitations of Lithium-Ion Electrodes
journal, November 2015

Nondestructive detection, characterization, and quantification of lithium plating in commercial lithium-ion batteries
journal, May 2014

A new method for detecting lithium plating by measuring the cell thickness
journal, September 2014

In Situ Detection of Lithium Plating on Graphite Electrodes by Electrochemical Calorimetry
journal, January 2013

Lithium Plating on Graphite Negative Electrodes: Innovative Qualitative and Quantitative Investigation Methods
journal, January 2015

Alloy Negative Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries
journal, October 2014

Development of long life lithium ion battery for power storage
journal, October 2001

Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires
journal, April 2009

High rate cycling performance of nanosized Li4Ti5O12/graphene composites for lithium ion batteries
journal, February 2016

Nano-sized Li4Ti5O12/C anode material with ultrafast charge/discharge capability for lithium ion batteries
journal, June 2016

A robust strategy for crafting monodisperse Li4Ti5O12 nanospheres as superior rate anode for lithium ion batteries
journal, March 2016

Excellent long-term cycling stability of La-doped Li4Ti5O12 anode material at high current rates
journal, January 2012

Influence of Sc3+ doping in B-site on electrochemical performance of Li4Ti5O12 anode materials for lithium-ion battery
journal, March 2014

Simply AlF3-treated Li4Ti5O12 composite anode materials for stable and ultrahigh power lithium-ion batteries
journal, August 2013

Improved lithium storage performance of lithium sodium titanate anode by titanium site substitution with aluminum
journal, October 2015

Enhanced lithium storage capability of sodium lithium titanate via lithium-site doping
journal, November 2015

Enhanced rate performance of lithium titanium oxide anode material by bromine doping
journal, July 2015

High Rate Capability of Lithium Chromium Titanium Oxide Hierarchical Mesoporous Microspheres Anode Materials Synthesized by a One-Pot Co-Precipitation for Lithium Ion Batteries
journal, January 2016

Hydrothermal synthesis of Zn-doped Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 with improved high rate properties for lithium ion batteries
journal, August 2013

Binary and ternary Li-alloys as anode materials in rechargeable organic electrolyte Li-batteries
journal, January 1986

Dimensionally stable Li-alloy electrodes for secondary batteries
journal, August 1990

Small particle size multiphase Li-alloy anodes for lithium-ionbatteries
journal, September 1996

A short review of failure mechanisms of lithium metal and lithiated graphite anodes in liquid electrolyte solutions
journal, June 2002

Morphological Transitions on Lithium Metal Anodes
journal, January 2009

Insights into the Role of Interphasial Morphology on the Electrochemical Performance of Lithium Electrodes
journal, January 2012

Nano-structural changes in Li-ion battery cathodes during cycling revealed by FIB-SEM serial sectioning tomography
journal, January 2015

Probing the Thermal Implications in Mechanical Degradation of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes
journal, January 2014

Stress generation and fracture in lithium insertion materials
journal, March 2006

Understanding the accumulated cycle capacity fade caused by the secondary particle fracture of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 cathode for lithium ion batteries
journal, October 2016

A New Coating Method for Alleviating Surface Degradation of LiNi _0.6 Co _0.2 Mn _0.2 O ₂ Cathode Material: Nanoscale Surface Treatment of Primary Particles
journal, February 2015

Cracking causing cyclic instability of LiFePO4 cathode material
journal, January 2005

A Mathematical Model of Stress Generation and Fracture in Lithium Manganese Oxide
journal, January 2006

TEM Study of Electrochemical Cycling-Induced Damage and Disorder in LiCoO[sub 2] Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
journal, January 1999

Fast chargeability lithium polymer batteries
conference, July 2008

A comprehensive understanding of electrode thickness effects on the electrochemical performances of Li-ion battery cathodes
journal, June 2012

Experimental investigation of the lithium-ion battery impedance characteristic at various conditions and aging states and its influence on the application
journal, February 2013

Low-temperature study of lithium-ion cells using a LiySn micro-reference electrode
journal, December 2007

Small things make a big difference: binder effects on the performance of Li and Na batteries
journal, January 2014

The effect of different binders on electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode material in lithium ion batteries
journal, March 2013

Investigations on high energy lithium-ion batteries with aqueous binder
journal, December 2013

On the behavior of different types of graphite anodes
journal, June 2003

The effect of charging rate on the graphite electrode of commercial lithium-ion cells: A post-mortem study
journal, December 2016

Fast charging technique for high power lithium iron phosphate batteries: A cycle life analysis
journal, October 2013

Comparison of the capacity fade of Sony US 18650 cells charged with different protocols
journal, July 2003

Boostcharging Li-ion batteries: A challenging new charging concept
journal, July 2005

On charge conditions for Li-ion and other secondary lithium batteries with solid intercalation electrodes
journal, June 1999

Mathematical Modeling of the Lithium Deposition Overcharge Reaction in Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Carbon-Based Negative Electrodes
journal, January 1999

The study of electrochemical properties and lithium deposition of graphite at low temperature
journal, February 2012

New charging strategy for lithium-ion batteries based on the integration of Taguchi method and state of charge estimation
journal, January 2015

Effect of current pulses on lithium intercalation batteries
journal, June 2002

The effects of pulse charging on cycling characteristics of commercial lithium-ion batteries
journal, December 2001

A Design of an Optimal Battery Pulse Charge System by Frequency-Varied Technique
journal, February 2007

Reducing Mass-Transport Limitations by Application of Special Pulsed Current Modes
journal, January 2005

Unraveling transition metal dissolution of Li1.04Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM 111) in lithium ion full cells by using the total reflection X-ray fluorescence technique
journal, October 2016

Battery Electric Vehicle Driving and Charging Behavior Observed Early in The EV Project
journal, April 2012

Synthesis of Ni@NiSn Composite with High Lithium‐Ion Diffusion Coefficient for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
journal, November 2019

Electrochemical Quantification of Lithium Plating: Challenges and Considerations
journal, January 2019

Finding the ideal automotive battery concept: A model-based approach on cell selection, modularization and thermal management
journal, May 2019

Requirements for Enabling Extreme Fast Charging of High Energy Density Li-Ion Cells while Avoiding Lithium Plating
journal, January 2019

Investigation of Lithium Plating-Stripping Process in Li-Ion Batteries at Low Temperature Using an Electrochemical Model
journal, January 2018

Commercialization of Lithium Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles
journal, June 2019

Extreme Fast Charge Challenges for Lithium-Ion Battery: Variability and Positive Electrode Issues
journal, January 2019

Challenges of Fast Charging for Electric Vehicles and the Role of Red Phosphorous as Anode Material: Review
journal, October 2019

Challenges and opportunities towards fast-charging battery materials
journal, June 2019

Data-driven prediction of battery cycle life before capacity degradation
journal, March 2019

Probing spatial coupling of resistive modes in porous intercalation electrodes through impedance spectroscopy
journal, January 2019

Perspective—Safety Aspects of Energy Storage Testing
journal, January 2019

In Situ Measurement of Lithium-Ion Cell Internal Temperatures during Extreme Fast Charging
journal, January 2019