Information theoretical approach to discovering solar wind drivers of the outer radiation belt
Abstract
Abstract The solar wind‐magnetosphere system is nonlinear. The solar wind drivers of geosynchronous electrons with energy range of 1.8–3.5 MeV are investigated using mutual information, conditional mutual information (CMI), and transfer entropy (TE). These information theoretical tools can establish linear and nonlinear relationships as well as information transfer. The information transfer from solar wind velocity ( V sw ) to geosynchronous MeV electron flux ( J e ) peaks with a lag time of 2 days. As previously reported, J e is anticorrelated with solar wind density ( n sw ) with a lag of 1 day. However, this lag time and anticorrelation can be attributed at least partly to the J e ( t + 2 days) correlation with V sw ( t ) and n sw ( t + 1 day) anticorrelation with V sw ( t ). Analyses of solar wind driving of the magnetosphere need to consider the large lag times, up to 3 days, in the ( V sw , n sw ) anticorrelation. Using CMI to remove the effects of V sw , the response of J e to n sw is 30% smaller and has a lag time < 24 h, suggesting that the MeV electron loss mechanism due to n sw or solarmore »
- Authors:
-
- The Johns Hopkins Univ. Applied Physics Lab., Laurel, MD (United States)
- Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States); Andrews Univ., Berrien Springs, MI (United States)
- Center for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI), Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1402657
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1402205
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-17-28042
Journal ID: ISSN 2169-9380; TRN: US1703021
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396; AGS‐1058456; DE‐AC02‐09CH11466
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 121; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-9380
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; Heliospheric and Magnetospheric Physics; radiation belt; solar wind drivers; information theory; nonlinear relationships; triangle distribution; mutual information
Citation Formats
Wing, Simon, Johnson, Jay R., Camporeale, Enrico, and Reeves, Geoffrey D. Information theoretical approach to discovering solar wind drivers of the outer radiation belt. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1002/2016JA022711.
Wing, Simon, Johnson, Jay R., Camporeale, Enrico, & Reeves, Geoffrey D. Information theoretical approach to discovering solar wind drivers of the outer radiation belt. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022711
Wing, Simon, Johnson, Jay R., Camporeale, Enrico, and Reeves, Geoffrey D. Fri .
"Information theoretical approach to discovering solar wind drivers of the outer radiation belt". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022711. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1402657.
@article{osti_1402657,
title = {Information theoretical approach to discovering solar wind drivers of the outer radiation belt},
author = {Wing, Simon and Johnson, Jay R. and Camporeale, Enrico and Reeves, Geoffrey D.},
abstractNote = {Abstract The solar wind‐magnetosphere system is nonlinear. The solar wind drivers of geosynchronous electrons with energy range of 1.8–3.5 MeV are investigated using mutual information, conditional mutual information (CMI), and transfer entropy (TE). These information theoretical tools can establish linear and nonlinear relationships as well as information transfer. The information transfer from solar wind velocity ( V sw ) to geosynchronous MeV electron flux ( J e ) peaks with a lag time of 2 days. As previously reported, J e is anticorrelated with solar wind density ( n sw ) with a lag of 1 day. However, this lag time and anticorrelation can be attributed at least partly to the J e ( t + 2 days) correlation with V sw ( t ) and n sw ( t + 1 day) anticorrelation with V sw ( t ). Analyses of solar wind driving of the magnetosphere need to consider the large lag times, up to 3 days, in the ( V sw , n sw ) anticorrelation. Using CMI to remove the effects of V sw , the response of J e to n sw is 30% smaller and has a lag time < 24 h, suggesting that the MeV electron loss mechanism due to n sw or solar wind dynamic pressure has to start operating in < 24 h. n sw transfers about 36% as much information as V sw (the primary driver) to J e . Nonstationarity in the system dynamics is investigated using windowed TE. When the data are ordered according to transfer entropy value, it is possible to understand details of the triangle distribution that has been identified between J e ( t + 2 days) versus V sw ( t ).},
doi = {10.1002/2016JA022711},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics},
number = 10,
volume = 121,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
Web of Science
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