Flow‐to‐fracture transition in a volcanic mush plug may govern normal eruptions at Stromboli
Abstract
Abstract Stromboli is a model volcano for studying eruptions driven by degassing. The current paradigm posits that Strombolian eruptions represent the bursting of gas slugs ascending through melt‐filled conduits, but petrological observations show that magma at shallow depth is crystalline enough to form a three‐phase plug consisting of crystals, bubbles, and melt. We combine a 1‐D model of gas flushing a crystalline mush with a 3‐D stress model. Our results suggest that localized gas segregation establishes hot conduits of mobile magma within a stagnant plug. The plug is prone to tensile failure controlled by gas overpressure and tectonic stress, with failure most likely beneath the observed vent locations. We hence argue that Strombolian eruptions are related to plug failure rather than flow. Our proposed three‐phase model of the shallow plumbing system may provide a promising framework for integrating geophysical, petrological, and morphological observations at Stromboli and in open‐system volcanism more generally.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[3]
- Department of Geophysics Stanford University Stanford California USA
- School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK, Department of Geological Sciences University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA
- Department of Mathematics University of California Berkeley California USA
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1402163
- Grant/Contract Number:
- DE‐AC02‐05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Publisher's Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Volume: 43 Journal Issue: 23; Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Suckale, J., Keller, T., Cashman, K. V., and Persson, P. ‐O. Flow‐to‐fracture transition in a volcanic mush plug may govern normal eruptions at Stromboli. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1002/2016GL071501.
Suckale, J., Keller, T., Cashman, K. V., & Persson, P. ‐O. Flow‐to‐fracture transition in a volcanic mush plug may govern normal eruptions at Stromboli. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071501
Suckale, J., Keller, T., Cashman, K. V., and Persson, P. ‐O. Thu .
"Flow‐to‐fracture transition in a volcanic mush plug may govern normal eruptions at Stromboli". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071501.
@article{osti_1402163,
title = {Flow‐to‐fracture transition in a volcanic mush plug may govern normal eruptions at Stromboli},
author = {Suckale, J. and Keller, T. and Cashman, K. V. and Persson, P. ‐O.},
abstractNote = {Abstract Stromboli is a model volcano for studying eruptions driven by degassing. The current paradigm posits that Strombolian eruptions represent the bursting of gas slugs ascending through melt‐filled conduits, but petrological observations show that magma at shallow depth is crystalline enough to form a three‐phase plug consisting of crystals, bubbles, and melt. We combine a 1‐D model of gas flushing a crystalline mush with a 3‐D stress model. Our results suggest that localized gas segregation establishes hot conduits of mobile magma within a stagnant plug. The plug is prone to tensile failure controlled by gas overpressure and tectonic stress, with failure most likely beneath the observed vent locations. We hence argue that Strombolian eruptions are related to plug failure rather than flow. Our proposed three‐phase model of the shallow plumbing system may provide a promising framework for integrating geophysical, petrological, and morphological observations at Stromboli and in open‐system volcanism more generally.},
doi = {10.1002/2016GL071501},
journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
number = 23,
volume = 43,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Thu Dec 15 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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