Sustainion Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis

Kutz, Robert B.; Chen, Qingmei; Yang, Hongzhou; Sajjad, Syed D.; Liu, Zengcai; Masel, I. Richard

doi:10.1002/ente.201600636

Title: Sustainion Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis

Abstract

Abstract CO ₂ electrolysis is a key step in CO ₂ conversion into fuels and chemicals as a way of mitigating climate change. We report the synthesis and testing of a series of new anion‐conductive membranes (tradenamed Sustainion™) for use in CO ₂ electrolysis. These membranes incorporate the functional character of imidazolium‐based ionic liquids as co‐catalysts in CO ₂ reduction into a solid membrane with a styrene backbone. We find that the addition of an imidazolium group onto the styrene side‐chains increases the selectivity of the reaction from approximately 25 % to approximately 95 %. The current at 3 V is increased by a factor of 14. So far we have been able to tune these parameters to achieve stable cells that provide current densities higher than 100 mA cm ⁻² at 3 V cell potential with a CO product selectivity over 98 %. Stable performance was observed for 6 months of continuous operation (>150 000 000 turnovers). These results demonstrate that imidazolium polymers are ideal membranes for CO ₂ electrolysis.

Authors:

^[1]; Chen, Qingmei ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]

Dioxide Materials, 3998 FAU Blvd. #300 Boca Raton FL 33433 USA

Publication Date:: Thu Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 2017

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1400805

Resource Type:: Publisher's Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Energy Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Energy Technology Journal Volume: 5 Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2194-4288

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Kutz, Robert B., Chen, Qingmei, Yang, Hongzhou, Sajjad, Syed D., Liu, Zengcai, and Masel, I. Richard. Sustainion Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis.  Germany: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1002/ente.201600636.

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                    Kutz, Robert B., Chen, Qingmei, Yang, Hongzhou, Sajjad, Syed D., Liu, Zengcai, & Masel, I. Richard. Sustainion Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis.  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201600636

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                    Kutz, Robert B., Chen, Qingmei, Yang, Hongzhou, Sajjad, Syed D., Liu, Zengcai, and Masel, I. Richard. Thu .  
"Sustainion Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis".  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201600636.

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@article{osti_1400805,

  title        = {Sustainion Imidazolium‐Functionalized Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis},

  author       = {Kutz, Robert B. and Chen, Qingmei and Yang, Hongzhou and Sajjad, Syed D. and Liu, Zengcai and Masel, I. Richard},

  abstractNote = {Abstract CO 2 electrolysis is a key step in CO 2 conversion into fuels and chemicals as a way of mitigating climate change. We report the synthesis and testing of a series of new anion‐conductive membranes (tradenamed Sustainion™) for use in CO 2 electrolysis. These membranes incorporate the functional character of imidazolium‐based ionic liquids as co‐catalysts in CO 2 reduction into a solid membrane with a styrene backbone. We find that the addition of an imidazolium group onto the styrene side‐chains increases the selectivity of the reaction from approximately 25 % to approximately 95 %. The current at 3 V is increased by a factor of 14. So far we have been able to tune these parameters to achieve stable cells that provide current densities higher than 100 mA cm −2 at 3 V cell potential with a CO product selectivity over 98 %. Stable performance was observed for 6 months of continuous operation (>150 000 000 turnovers). These results demonstrate that imidazolium polymers are ideal membranes for CO 2 electrolysis.},

  doi          = {10.1002/ente.201600636},

  journal      = {Energy Technology},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 5,

  place        = {Germany},

  year         = {Thu Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Thu Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Abstract

Citation Formats

Electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to liquid fuels using nanocarbon-based electrodes journal, March 2013

A review on the electrochemical reduction of CO2 in fuel cells, metal electrodes and molecular catalysts journal, September 2014

A review of the aqueous electrochemical reduction of CO2 to hydrocarbons at copper journal, August 2006

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Valorization of greenhouse carbon dioxide emissions into value-added products by catalytic processes journal, December 2013

Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction: Recent Advances and Current Trends journal, September 2014

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Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Metal Electrodes book, January 2008

Comparison of alkaline stability of benzyltrimethylammonium, benzylmethylimidazolium and benzyldimethylimidazolium functionalized poly(arylene ether ketone) anion exchange membranes journal, January 2016

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Highly ionic-conductive crosslinked cardo poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as anion exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells
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Preparing alkaline anion exchange membrane with enhanced hydroxide conductivity via blending imidazolium-functionalized and sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)
journal, August 2015

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Status and perspectives of CO2 conversion into fuels and chemicals by catalytic, photocatalytic and electrocatalytic processes
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A facile functionalized routine for the synthesis of imidazolium-based anion-exchange membrane with excellent alkaline stability
journal, May 2016

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Hydroxide-ion induced degradation pathway for dimethylimidazolium groups in anion exchange membranes
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Imidazolium-based anion exchange membranes for alkaline anion fuel cells: elucidation of the morphology and the interplay between the morphology and properties
journal, January 2016

Modification of poly(aryl ether ketone) using imidazolium groups as both pendants and bridging joints for anion exchange membranes
journal, December 2015

Comb-shaped alkyl imidazolium-functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as high performance anion-exchange membranes
journal, January 2015

Stable poly(arylene ether sulfone)s anion exchange membranes containing imidazolium cations on pendant phenyl rings
journal, February 2016

Recycling of carbon dioxide to methanol and derived products – closing the loop
journal, January 2014

Synthesis and Characterization of Imidazolium Linear Bisphenol Polycarbonate Hydroxides for Anion Exchange Membrane
journal, November 2015

Electrochemical Reduction of CO ₂ to CO with High Selectivity Using an All Solid-State Electrolyzer Cell
journal, April 2015

Synthesis and characterization of novel anion exchange membranes containing bi-imidazolium-based ionic liquid for alkaline fuel cells
journal, October 2015

Enhancement of hydroxide conductivity by grafting flexible pendant imidazolium groups into poly(arylene ether sulfone) as anion exchange membranes
journal, January 2015

Effects of Substituents and Substitution Positions on Alkaline Stability of Imidazolium Cations and Their Corresponding Anion-Exchange Membranes
journal, March 2014

In Situ Spectroscopic Examination of a Low Overpotential Pathway for Carbon Dioxide Conversion to Carbon Monoxide
journal, July 2012

Using carbon dioxide as a building block in organic synthesis
journal, January 2015

Electrochemical conversion of CO₂ to fuels: tuning of the reaction zone using suitable functional groups in a solid polymer electrolyte
journal, January 2014

Prospects of CO₂ Utilization via Direct Heterogeneous Electrochemical Reduction
journal, December 2010

Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide: Let the Molecules Do the Work
journal, November 2014

Substituent Effects in the Pyridinium Catalyzed Reduction of CO2 to Methanol: Further Mechanistic Insights
journal, November 2014

Renewable Power-to-Gas: A technological and economic review
journal, January 2016

Use of carbon dioxide as feedstock for chemicals and fuels: homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis: Use of carbon dioxide as feedstock for chemicals and fuels
journal, November 2013

Emerging electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies
journal, September 2014

The effect of electrolyte composition on the electroreduction of CO ₂ to CO on Ag based gas diffusion electrodes
journal, January 2016

Water Enhancement of CO₂ Conversion on Silver in 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate
journal, November 2012

Catalytic Utilization of Carbon Dioxide: Actual Status and Perspectives
book, January 2012

Development of Molecular Electrocatalysts for Energy Storage
journal, February 2014

A review of catalysts for the electroreduction of carbon dioxide to produce low-carbon fuels
journal, January 2014