Enabling forbidden dark matter
Abstract
The thermal relic density of dark matter is conventionally set by two-body annihilations. We point out that in many simple models, 3 → 2 annihilations can play an important role in determining the relic density over a broad range of model parameters. This occurs when the two-body annihilation is kinematically forbidden, but the 3 → 2 process is allowed; we call this scenario not-forbidden dark matter. We illustrate this mechanism for a vector-portal dark matter model, showing that for a dark matter mass of mχ ~ MeV-10 GeV, 3 → 2 processes not only lead to the observed relic density, but also imply a selfinteraction cross section that can solve the cusp/core problem. This can be accomplished while remaining consistent with stringent CMB constraints on light dark matter, and can potentially be discovered at future direct detection experiments.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1400426
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1503863
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0013999; SC00012567
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review D
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Volume: 96 Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; dark matter
Citation Formats
Cline, James M., Liu, Hongwan, Slatyer, Tracy R., and Xue, Wei. Enabling forbidden dark matter. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.96.083521.
Cline, James M., Liu, Hongwan, Slatyer, Tracy R., & Xue, Wei. Enabling forbidden dark matter. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.083521
Cline, James M., Liu, Hongwan, Slatyer, Tracy R., and Xue, Wei. Fri .
"Enabling forbidden dark matter". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.083521.
@article{osti_1400426,
title = {Enabling forbidden dark matter},
author = {Cline, James M. and Liu, Hongwan and Slatyer, Tracy R. and Xue, Wei},
abstractNote = {The thermal relic density of dark matter is conventionally set by two-body annihilations. We point out that in many simple models, 3 → 2 annihilations can play an important role in determining the relic density over a broad range of model parameters. This occurs when the two-body annihilation is kinematically forbidden, but the 3 → 2 process is allowed; we call this scenario not-forbidden dark matter. We illustrate this mechanism for a vector-portal dark matter model, showing that for a dark matter mass of mχ ~ MeV-10 GeV, 3 → 2 processes not only lead to the observed relic density, but also imply a selfinteraction cross section that can solve the cusp/core problem. This can be accomplished while remaining consistent with stringent CMB constraints on light dark matter, and can potentially be discovered at future direct detection experiments.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.96.083521},
journal = {Physical Review D},
number = 8,
volume = 96,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {10}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.083521
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.083521
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 10 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Detecting boosted dark matter from the Sun with large volume neutrino detectors
journal, February 2015
- Berger, Joshua; Cui, Yanou; Zhao, Yue
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2015, Issue 02
Dark Matter Results from First 98.7 Days of Data from the PandaX-II Experiment
journal, September 2016
- Tan, Andi; Xiao, Mengjiao; Cui, Xiangyi
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 12
Spontaneous baryogenesis from extremely light asymmetric dark matter
journal, June 2015
- D’Agnolo, Raffaele Tito; Hook, Anson
- Physical Review D, Vol. 91, Issue 11
WIMP and SIMP dark matter from the spontaneous breaking of a global group
journal, April 2015
- Bernal, Nicolás; Garcia-Cely, Camilo; Rosenfeld, Rogério
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2015, Issue 04
SIMP spectroscopy
journal, May 2016
- Hochberg, Yonit; Kuflik, Eric; Murayama, Hitoshi
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 5
Simply split strongly interacting massive particles
journal, June 2017
- Bernal, Nicolás; Chu, Xiaoyong; Pradler, Josef
- Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 11
The nongravitational interactions of dark matter in colliding galaxy clusters
journal, March 2015
- Harvey, D.; Massey, R.; Kitching, T.
- Science, Vol. 347, Issue 6229
Proposed Inclusive Dark Photon Search at LHCb
journal, June 2016
- Ilten, Philip; Soreq, Yotam; Thaler, Jesse
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 25
Right-handed sneutrino dark matter in U(1)′ seesaw models and its signatures at the LHC
journal, June 2011
- Bandyopadhyay, Priyotosh; Chun, Eung Jin; Park, Jong-Chul
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2011, Issue 6
A theory of dark matter
journal, January 2009
- Arkani-Hamed, Nima; Finkbeiner, Douglas P.; Slatyer, Tracy R.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 79, Issue 1
Dark Matter Halos as Particle Colliders: Unified Solution to Small-Scale Structure Puzzles from Dwarfs to Clusters
journal, January 2016
- Kaplinghat, Manoj; Tulin, Sean; Yu, Hai-Bo
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 4
New fixed-target experiments to search for dark gauge forces
journal, October 2009
- Bjorken, James D.; Essig, Rouven; Schuster, Philip
- Physical Review D, Vol. 80, Issue 7
Direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter with scintillating targets
journal, July 2017
- Derenzo, Stephen; Essig, Rouven; Massari, Andrea
- Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 1
Light dark matter through assisted annihilation
journal, March 2017
- Dey, Ujjal Kumar; Maity, Tarak Nath; Ray, Tirtha Sankar
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 03
On thermal production of self-interacting dark matter
journal, December 2016
- Choi, Soo-Min; Kang, Yoo-Jin; Lee, Hyun Min
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 12
Boosted dark matter in IceCube and at the galactic center
journal, April 2015
- Kopp, Joachim; Liu, Jia; Wang, Xiao-Ping
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2015, Issue 4
Secluded WIMP dark matter
journal, April 2008
- Pospelov, Maxim; Ritz, Adam; Voloshin, Mikhail
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 662, Issue 1
Directional detection of dark matter with two-dimensional targets
journal, September 2017
- Hochberg, Yonit; Kahn, Yonatan; Lisanti, Mariangela
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 772
Contributions to cosmic reionization from dark matter annihilation and decay
journal, September 2016
- Liu, Hongwan; Slatyer, Tracy R.; Zavala, Jesús
- Physical Review D, Vol. 94, Issue 6
Light Dark Matter from Forbidden Channels
journal, August 2015
- D’Agnolo, Raffaele Tito; Ruderman, Joshua T.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 6
Semi-annihilation of dark matter
journal, June 2010
- D’Eramo, Francesco; Thaler, Jesse
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2010, Issue 6
New prospects in fixed target searches for dark forces with the SeaQuest experiment at Fermilab
journal, June 2016
- Gardner, S.; Holt, R. J.; Tadepalli, A. S.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 11
Planck 2015 results : XIII. Cosmological parameters
journal, September 2016
- Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Arnaud, M.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 594
Cosmological simulations with self-interacting dark matter – I. Constant-density cores and substructure
journal, January 2013
- Rocha, Miguel; Peter, Annika H. G.; Bullock, James S.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 430, Issue 1
Direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter with semiconductor targets
journal, May 2016
- Essig, Rouven; Fernández-Serra, Marivi; Mardon, Jeremy
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 5
New limits on hidden photons from past electron beam dumps
journal, November 2012
- Andreas, Sarah; Niebuhr, Carsten; Ringwald, Andreas
- Physical Review D, Vol. 86, Issue 9
Direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter
journal, April 2012
- Essig, Rouven; Mardon, Jeremy; Volansky, Tomer
- Physical Review D, Vol. 85, Issue 7
Implications of unitarity and gauge invariance for simplified dark matter models
journal, February 2016
- Kahlhoefer, Felix; Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai; Schwetz, Thomas
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 2
Self-interacting dark matter
journal, October 1992
- Carlson, Eric D.; Machacek, Marie E.; Hall, Lawrence J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 398
What does the Bullet Cluster tell us about self-interacting dark matter?
journal, October 2016
- Robertson, Andrew; Massey, Richard; Eke, Vincent
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 465, Issue 1
ℤ 2 SIMP dark matter
journal, January 2016
- Bernal, Nicolás; Chu, Xiaoyong
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 01
Dark matter freeze-out in a nonrelativistic sector
journal, August 2016
- Pappadopulo, Duccio; Ruderman, Joshua T.; Trevisan, Gabriele
- Physical Review D, Vol. 94, Issue 3
(In)direct detection of boosted dark matter
journal, October 2014
- Agashe, Kaustubh; Cui, Yanou; Necib, Lina
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2014, Issue 10
PeV-scale dark matter as a thermal relic of a decoupled sector
journal, September 2016
- Berlin, Asher; Hooper, Dan; Krnjaic, Gordan
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 760
Phenomenology of ELDER dark matter
journal, August 2017
- Kuflik, Eric; Perelstein, Maxim; Lorier, Nicolas Rey-Le
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 8
A facility to search for hidden particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case
journal, October 2016
- Alekhin, Sergey; Altmannshofer, Wolfgang; Asaka, Takehiko
- Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 12
Forbidden dark matter at the weak scale via the top portal
journal, February 2017
- Delgado, Antonio; Martin, Adam; Raj, Nirmal
- Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 3
Codecaying Dark Matter
journal, November 2016
- Dror, Jeff Asaf; Kuflik, Eric; Ng, Wee Hao
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 21
Mechanism for Thermal Relic Dark Matter of Strongly Interacting Massive Particles
journal, October 2014
- Hochberg, Yonit; Kuflik, Eric; Volansky, Tomer
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 17
A lower bound on the mass of cold thermal dark matter from Planck
journal, August 2013
- Bœhm, Céline; Dolan, Matthew J.; McCabe, Christopher
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 08
New Results from the Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with the CDMS Low Ionization Threshold Experiment
journal, February 2016
- Agnese, R.; Anderson, A. J.; Aramaki, T.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 7
Impeded Dark Matter
journal, December 2016
- Kopp, Joachim; Liu, Jia; Slatyer, Tracy R.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 12
Particle decays during the cosmic dark ages
journal, August 2004
- Chen, Xuelei; Kamionkowski, Marc
- Physical Review D, Vol. 70, Issue 4
Searching for dark matter in the CMB: A compact parametrization of energy injection from new physics
journal, February 2012
- Finkbeiner, Douglas P.; Galli, Silvia; Lin, Tongyan
- Physical Review D, Vol. 85, Issue 4
CMB constraints on WIMP annihilation: Energy absorption during the recombination epoch
journal, August 2009
- Slatyer, Tracy R.; Padmanabhan, Nikhil; Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 80, Issue 4
Phases of cannibal dark matter
journal, December 2016
- Farina, Marco; Pappadopulo, Duccio; Ruderman, Joshua T.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 12
Improved Limits on Scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles from Reanalysis of 2013 LUX Data
journal, April 2016
- Akerib, D. S.; Araújo, H. M.; Bai, X.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 16
Constraining self-interacting dark matter with the Milky Way’s dwarf spheroidals
journal, February 2013
- Zavala, Jesús; Vogelsberger, Mark; Walker, Matthew G.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 431, Issue 1
Detecting dark matter annihilation with CMB polarization: Signatures and experimental prospects
journal, July 2005
- Padmanabhan, Nikhil; Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 72, Issue 2
Model for Thermal Relic Dark Matter of Strongly Interacting Massive Particles
journal, July 2015
- Hochberg, Yonit; Kuflik, Eric; Murayama, Hitoshi
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 2
Indirect dark matter signatures in the cosmic dark ages. I. Generalizing the bound on -wave dark matter annihilation from Planck results
journal, January 2016
- Slatyer, Tracy R.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 2
Dark photons from charm mesons at LHCb
journal, December 2015
- Ilten, Philip; Thaler, Jesse; Williams, Mike
- Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 11
Observational Evidence for Self-Interacting Cold Dark Matter
journal, April 2000
- Spergel, David N.; Steinhardt, Paul J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 84, Issue 17
Relic abundance in a secluded dark matter scenario with a massive mediator
journal, January 2017
- Okawa, Shohei; Tanabashi, Masaharu; Yamanaka, Masato
- Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 2
Modulation effects in dark matter-electron scattering experiments
journal, October 2015
- Lee, Samuel K.; Lisanti, Mariangela; Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth
- Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 8
Communication with SIMP dark mesons via -portal
journal, September 2015
- Lee, Hyun Min; Seo, Min-Seok
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 748
Elastically Decoupling Dark Matter
journal, June 2016
- Kuflik, Eric; Perelstein, Maxim; Lorier, Nicolas Rey-Le
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 22
New constraints and prospects for sub-GeV dark matter scattering off electrons in xenon
journal, August 2017
- Essig, Rouven; Volansky, Tomer; Yu, Tien-Tien
- Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 4
Cosmic microwave background anisotropy in the decaying neutrino cosmology
journal, November 1998
- Adams, J. A.; Sarkar, S.; Sciama, D. W.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 301, Issue 1
Production regimes for Self-Interacting Dark Matter
journal, March 2016
- Bernal, Nicolás; Chu, Xiaoyong; Garcia-Cely, Camilo
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 03
Projected sensitivity of the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment
journal, April 2017
- Agnese, R.; Anderson, A. J.; Aramaki, T.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 8
Constraining light dark matter with diffuse X-ray and gamma-ray observations
journal, November 2013
- Essig, Rouven; Kuflik, Eric; McDermott, Samuel D.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2013, Issue 11