Precision mass measurements of magnesium isotopes and implications for the validity of the isobaric mass multiplet equation

Brodeur, M.; Kwiatkowski, A. A.; Drozdowski, O. M.; Andreoiu, C.; Burdette, D.; Chaudhuri, A.; Chowdhury, U.; Gallant, A. T.; Grossheim, A.; Gwinner, G.; Heggen, H.; Holt, J. D.; Klawitter, R.; Lassen, J.; Leach, K. G.; Lennarz, A.; Nicoloff, C.; Raeder, S.; Schultz, B. E.; Stroberg, S. R.; Teigelhöfer, A.; Thompson, R.; Wieser, M.; Dilling, J.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.96.034316

Title: Precision mass measurements of magnesium isotopes and implications for the validity of the isobaric mass multiplet equation

Abstract

If the mass excess of neutron-deficient nuclei and their neutron-rich mirror partners are both known, it can be shown that deviations of the isobaric mass multiplet equation (IMME) in the form of a cubic term can be probed. Such a cubic term was probed by using the atomic mass of neutron-rich magnesium isotopes measured using the TITAN Penning trap and the recently measured proton-separation energies of ²⁹Cl and ³⁰Ar. The atomic mass of ²⁷Mg was found to be within 1.6σ of the value stated in the Atomic Mass Evaluation. The atomic masses of ^28,29Mg were measured to be both within 1σ, while being 7 and 33 times more precise, respectively. Using the ²⁹Mg mass excess and previous measurements of ²⁹Cl, we uncovered a cubic coefficient of d = 28(7)keV, which is the largest known cubic coefficient of the IMME. This departure, however, could also be caused by experimental data with unknown systematic errors. Hence there is a need to confirm the mass excess of ²⁸S and the one-neutron separation energy of ²⁹Cl, which have both come from a single measurement. Lastly, our results were compared with ab initio calculations from the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group, resulting in a goodmore » agreement.« less

Authors:

Brodeur, M. ^[1]; Kwiatkowski, A. A. ^[2]; Drozdowski, O. M. ^[3]; Andreoiu, C. ^[4]; Burdette, D. ^[1]; Chaudhuri, A. ^[5]; Chowdhury, U. ^[6]; Gallant, A. T. ^[7]; Grossheim, A. ^[8]; Gwinner, G. ^[9]; Heggen, H. ^[8]; Holt, J. D. ^[8]; Klawitter, R. ^[10]; Lassen, J. ^[11]; Leach, K. G. ^[12]; Lennarz, A. ^[13]; Nicoloff, C. ^[14]; Raeder, S. ^[8]; Schultz, B. E. ^[8]; Stroberg, S. R. ^[8] more »

Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Univ. Heidelberg, Philosophenweg (Germany)
Simon Fraser Univ., Burnaby, BC (Canada)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Canadian Nuclear Labs., Chalk River, ON (Canada)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); SNOLAB, Lively, ON (Canada); Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB (Canada)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB (Canada)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Heidelberg (Germany)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB (Canada)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Simon Fraser Univ., Burnaby, BC (Canada); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Westfalische Wilhelms-Univ., Munster (Germany)
Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States); Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA (United States)
Univ. of Calgary, Alberta (Canada)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)

Publication Date:: 2017-09-18

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1399722

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1392163

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-734384
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985; PRVCAN; TRN: US1703213

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 96; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Brodeur, M., Kwiatkowski, A. A., Drozdowski, O. M., Andreoiu, C., Burdette, D., Chaudhuri, A., Chowdhury, U., Gallant, A. T., Grossheim, A., Gwinner, G., Heggen, H., Holt, J. D., Klawitter, R., Lassen, J., Leach, K. G., Lennarz, A., Nicoloff, C., Raeder, S., Schultz, B. E., Stroberg, S. R., Teigelhöfer, A., Thompson, R., Wieser, M., and Dilling, J. Precision mass measurements of magnesium isotopes and implications for the validity of the isobaric mass multiplet equation.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.96.034316.

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                    Brodeur, M., Kwiatkowski, A. A., Drozdowski, O. M., Andreoiu, C., Burdette, D., Chaudhuri, A., Chowdhury, U., Gallant, A. T., Grossheim, A., Gwinner, G., Heggen, H., Holt, J. D., Klawitter, R., Lassen, J., Leach, K. G., Lennarz, A., Nicoloff, C., Raeder, S., Schultz, B. E., Stroberg, S. R., Teigelhöfer, A., Thompson, R., Wieser, M., & Dilling, J. Precision mass measurements of magnesium isotopes and implications for the validity of the isobaric mass multiplet equation.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.034316

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                    Brodeur, M., Kwiatkowski, A. A., Drozdowski, O. M., Andreoiu, C., Burdette, D., Chaudhuri, A., Chowdhury, U., Gallant, A. T., Grossheim, A., Gwinner, G., Heggen, H., Holt, J. D., Klawitter, R., Lassen, J., Leach, K. G., Lennarz, A., Nicoloff, C., Raeder, S., Schultz, B. E., Stroberg, S. R., Teigelhöfer, A., Thompson, R., Wieser, M., and Dilling, J. Mon .  
"Precision mass measurements of magnesium isotopes and implications for the validity of the isobaric mass multiplet equation".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.96.034316.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1399722.

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@article{osti_1399722,

  title        = {Precision mass measurements of magnesium isotopes and implications for the validity of the isobaric mass multiplet equation},

  author       = {Brodeur, M. and Kwiatkowski, A. A. and Drozdowski, O. M. and Andreoiu, C. and Burdette, D. and Chaudhuri, A. and Chowdhury, U. and Gallant, A. T. and Grossheim, A. and Gwinner, G. and Heggen, H. and Holt, J. D. and Klawitter, R. and Lassen, J. and Leach, K. G. and Lennarz, A. and Nicoloff, C. and Raeder, S. and Schultz, B. E. and Stroberg, S. R. and Teigelhöfer, A. and Thompson, R. and Wieser, M. and Dilling, J.},

  abstractNote = {If the mass excess of neutron-deficient nuclei and their neutron-rich mirror partners are both known, it can be shown that deviations of the isobaric mass multiplet equation (IMME) in the form of a cubic term can be probed. Such a cubic term was probed by using the atomic mass of neutron-rich magnesium isotopes measured using the TITAN Penning trap and the recently measured proton-separation energies of 29Cl and 30Ar. The atomic mass of 27Mg was found to be within 1.6σ of the value stated in the Atomic Mass Evaluation. The atomic masses of 28,29Mg were measured to be both within 1σ, while being 7 and 33 times more precise, respectively. Using the 29Mg mass excess and previous measurements of 29Cl, we uncovered a cubic coefficient of d = 28(7)keV, which is the largest known cubic coefficient of the IMME. This departure, however, could also be caused by experimental data with unknown systematic errors. Hence there is a need to confirm the mass excess of 28S and the one-neutron separation energy of 29Cl, which have both come from a single measurement. Lastly, our results were compared with ab initio calculations from the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group, resulting in a good agreement.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevC.96.034316},

  journal      = {Physical Review C},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 96,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {9}

}

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DOI: 10.1007/s10751-019-1581-z

Isobaric multiplet mass equation within nuclear density functional theory
journal, January 2019

Bączyk, P.; Satuła, W.; Dobaczewski, J.
Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/aaffe4

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High-precision mass measurements of the isomeric and ground states of ⁴⁴V: Improving constraints on the isobaric multiplet mass equation parameters of the A=44, 0⁺ quintet

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Background: The quadratic isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME) has been very successful at predicting the masses of isobaric analog states in the same multiplet, while its coefficients are known to follow specific trends as functions of mass number. The Atomic Mass Evaluation 2016 [Chin. Phys. C 41, 030003 (2017)] ⁴⁴V mass value results in an anomalous negative c coefficient for the IMME quadratic term; a consequence of large uncertainty and an unresolved isomeric state. The b and c coefficients can provide useful constraints for construction of the isospin-nonconserving Hamiltonians for the pf shell. In addition, the excitation energy of themore »« less
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The mass excess of the proton-rich nucleus {sup 23}Al has been measured with the JYFLTRAP Penning trap setup. As a result of our experiment we obtain a mass excess of 6748.07(34) keV, and by combining the value to existing experimental data we have tested the validity of the isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME) for the T=3/2 quartet in the A=23 isobar. The fit to the IMME results in a vanishing cubic term equivalent to zero with high precision [0.22(42) keV].
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We report the mass measurement of the short-lived {sup 12}Be nuclide (T{sub 1/2}=21.5 ms) performed using the Penning trap mass spectrometer TITAN at TRIUMF. Our mass excess value of 25 078.0(2.1) keV is in agreement with previous measurements, but is a factor of 7 more precise than the Atomic Mass Evaluation of 2003. To address an unresolved discussion on the spin assignment of isospin T=2 states in {sup 12}C and {sup 12}O, we reevaluate the isobaric mass multiplet equation for the lowest lying T=2 multiplet in the A=12 system and use the extracted parameters to extrapolate from the known excitedmore »« less
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Accurate mass determination of short-lived nuclides by Penning-trap spectrometers and progress in the spectroscopy of proton-rich nuclei have triggered renewed interest in the isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME). The energy levels of the members of T=1/2,1,3/2, and 2 multiplets and the coefficients of the IMME are tabulated for A≤71. The new compilation is based on the most recent mass evaluation (AME2011) and it includes the experimental results on energies of the states evaluated up to end of 2011. Taking into account the error bars, a significant deviation from the quadratic form of the IMME for the A=9,35 quartets and themore » A=32 quintet is observed.« less
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Abstract

Citation Formats

TITAN's digital RFQ ion beam cooler and buncher, operation and performance journal, June 2012

Isospin quintets in the 1 p and s − d shells journal, September 1980

The TITAN EBIT charge breeder for mass measurements on highly charged short-lived isotopes—First online operation journal, December 2010

Accurate mass measurements of 26Ne, 26–30Na, 29–33Mg performed with the Mistral spectrometer journal, February 2006

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Evidence for the extinction of the N = 20 neutron-shell closure for 32 Mg from direct mass measurements journal, November 2013

Ground and excited states of doubly open-shell nuclei from ab initio valence-space Hamiltonians journal, May 2016

Improved nuclear matter calculations from chiral low-momentum interactions journal, March 2011

The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references journal, March 2017

Population inversion of nuclear states by a Penning trap mass spectrometer journal, August 2004

Saturation with chiral interactions and consequences for finite nuclei journal, July 2017

Quadrupole excitation of stored ion motion at the true cyclotron frequency journal, March 1995

Magnus expansion and in-medium similarity renormalization group journal, September 2015

Accurate charge-dependent nucleon-nucleon potential at fourth order of chiral perturbation theory journal, October 2003

Local three-nucleon interaction from chiral effective field theory journal, November 2007

Online isotope separation at ISAC with a 10 μA proton driver beam journal, April 2002

New determination of double- β -decay properties in 48 Ca : High-precision Q β β -value measurement and improved nuclear matrix element calculations journal, April 2014

Ab initio path to heavy nuclei journal, September 2014

Breakdown of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation for the A = 20 and 21 Multiplets journal, August 2014

Beta-Ray Spectrum of Mg 28 journal, March 1954

Diproton decay of nuclei on the proton drip line journal, April 1991

Thermonuclear S 30 ( p , γ ) Cl 31 reaction in type I x-ray bursts journal, April 2009

Evidence for a breakdown of the isobaric multiplet mass equation: A study of the A = 35 , T = 3 / 2 isospin quartet journal, August 2007

New mass measurement of Li 6 and ppb-level systematic studies of the Penning trap mass spectrometer TITAN journal, October 2009

Nucleus-Dependent Valence-Space Approach to Nuclear Structure journal, January 2017

Isobaric multiplet mass equation in the A = 31 , T = 3 / 2 quartets journal, June 2016

Chiral effective field theory and nuclear forces journal, June 2011

Resolution of nuclear ground and isomeric states by a Penning trap mass spectrometer journal, December 1992

Verifying the accuracy of the TITAN Penning-trap mass spectrometer journal, January 2012

The Thomas-Ehrman shift across the proton dripline journal, August 1988

Exploring s d -shell nuclei from two- and three-nucleon interactions with realistic saturation properties journal, January 2016

The Shell-Model Code NuShellX@MSU journal, June 2014

Similarity renormalization group for nucleon-nucleon interactions journal, June 2007

Neutron and weak-charge distributions of the 48Ca nucleus journal, November 2015

The TITAN in-trap decay spectroscopy facility at TRIUMF journal, April 2015

Electromagnetic Corrections to Isotopic Spin Conservation journal, October 1959

A direct determination of the proton electron mass ratio journal, March 1980

Modern theory of nuclear forces journal, December 2009

Isac lebt journal, October 2013

First Use of High Charge States for Mass Measurements of Short-Lived Nuclides in a Penning Trap journal, December 2011

Revalidation of the isobaric multiplet mass equation at A = 53, T = 3/2 journal, May 2016

Nonperturbative Shell-Model Interactions from the In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group journal, October 2014

In-medium similarity renormalization group for open-shell nuclei journal, June 2012

Breakdown of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation at A = 33 , T = 3 / 2 journal, September 2001

Mass Measurements of the Neutron-Deficient Ti 41 , Cr 45 , Fe 49 , and Ni 53 Nuclides: First Test of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation in f p -Shell Nuclei journal, September 2012

Advances in precision, resolution, and separation techniques with radioactive, highly charged ions for Penning trap mass measurements journal, September 2013

The In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group: A novel ab initio method for nuclei journal, March 2016

Mass of astrophysically relevant Cl 31 and the breakdown of the isobaric multiplet mass equation journal, April 2016

First direct mass measurement of the neutron-deficient nucleus Al 24 journal, October 2015

The Calculation of Errors by the Method of Least Squares journal, April 1932

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The proposed TITAN facility at ISAC for very precise mass measurements on highly charged short-lived isotopes journal, May 2003

Isobaric multiplet mass equation for A = 7 and 8 journal, November 2011

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New mass measurements with trapped (radioactive) ions and related fundamental physics journal, May 2019

Isobaric multiplet mass equation within nuclear density functional theory journal, January 2019

TITAN's digital RFQ ion beam cooler and buncher, operation and performance
journal, June 2012

Isospin quintets in the $1 p$ and $s - d$ shells
journal, September 1980

The TITAN EBIT charge breeder for mass measurements on highly charged short-lived isotopes—First online operation
journal, December 2010

Accurate mass measurements of 26Ne, 26–30Na, 29–33Mg performed with the Mistral spectrometer
journal, February 2006

Mass measurements on highly charged radioactive ions, a new approach to high precision with TITAN
journal, April 2006

Evidence for the extinction of the $N = 20$ neutron-shell closure for $^{32}$ Mg from direct mass measurements
journal, November 2013

Ground and excited states of doubly open-shell nuclei from ab initio valence-space Hamiltonians
journal, May 2016

Improved nuclear matter calculations from chiral low-momentum interactions
journal, March 2011

The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references
journal, March 2017

Population inversion of nuclear states by a Penning trap mass spectrometer
journal, August 2004

Saturation with chiral interactions and consequences for finite nuclei
journal, July 2017

Quadrupole excitation of stored ion motion at the true cyclotron frequency
journal, March 1995

Magnus expansion and in-medium similarity renormalization group
journal, September 2015

Accurate charge-dependent nucleon-nucleon potential at fourth order of chiral perturbation theory
journal, October 2003

Local three-nucleon interaction from chiral effective field theory
journal, November 2007

Online isotope separation at ISAC with a 10 μA proton driver beam
journal, April 2002

New determination of double- $β$ -decay properties in $^{48} Ca$ : High-precision $Q_{β β}$ -value measurement and improved nuclear matrix element calculations
journal, April 2014

Ab initio path to heavy nuclei
journal, September 2014

Breakdown of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation for the $A = 20$ and 21 Multiplets
journal, August 2014

Beta-Ray Spectrum of ${Mg}^{28}$
journal, March 1954

Diproton decay of nuclei on the proton drip line
journal, April 1991

Thermonuclear ${}^{30}S (p, γ) {}^{31}{Cl}$ reaction in type I x-ray bursts
journal, April 2009

Evidence for a breakdown of the isobaric multiplet mass equation: A study of the $A = 35, T = 3 / 2$ isospin quartet
journal, August 2007

New mass measurement of ${}^{6}{Li}$ and ppb-level systematic studies of the Penning trap mass spectrometer TITAN
journal, October 2009

Nucleus-Dependent Valence-Space Approach to Nuclear Structure
journal, January 2017

Isobaric multiplet mass equation in the $A = 31, T = 3 / 2$ quartets
journal, June 2016

Chiral effective field theory and nuclear forces
journal, June 2011

Resolution of nuclear ground and isomeric states by a Penning trap mass spectrometer
journal, December 1992

Verifying the accuracy of the TITAN Penning-trap mass spectrometer
journal, January 2012

The Thomas-Ehrman shift across the proton dripline
journal, August 1988

Exploring $s d$ -shell nuclei from two- and three-nucleon interactions with realistic saturation properties
journal, January 2016

The Shell-Model Code NuShellX@MSU
journal, June 2014

Similarity renormalization group for nucleon-nucleon interactions
journal, June 2007

Neutron and weak-charge distributions of the 48Ca nucleus
journal, November 2015

The TITAN in-trap decay spectroscopy facility at TRIUMF
journal, April 2015

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journal, October 1959

A direct determination of the proton electron mass ratio
journal, March 1980

Modern theory of nuclear forces
journal, December 2009

Isac lebt
journal, October 2013

First Use of High Charge States for Mass Measurements of Short-Lived Nuclides in a Penning Trap
journal, December 2011

Revalidation of the isobaric multiplet mass equation at A = 53, T = 3/2
journal, May 2016

Nonperturbative Shell-Model Interactions from the In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group
journal, October 2014

In-medium similarity renormalization group for open-shell nuclei
journal, June 2012

Breakdown of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation at $A = 33$ , $T = 3 / 2$
journal, September 2001

Mass Measurements of the Neutron-Deficient ${}^{41}{Ti}$ , ${}^{45}{Cr}$ , ${}^{49}{Fe}$ , and ${}^{53}{Ni}$ Nuclides: First Test of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation in $f p$ -Shell Nuclei
journal, September 2012

Advances in precision, resolution, and separation techniques with radioactive, highly charged ions for Penning trap mass measurements
journal, September 2013

The In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group: A novel ab initio method for nuclei
journal, March 2016

Mass of astrophysically relevant ${}^{31}{Cl}$ and the breakdown of the isobaric multiplet mass equation
journal, April 2016

First direct mass measurement of the neutron-deficient nucleus ${}^{24}{Al}$
journal, October 2015

The Calculation of Errors by the Method of Least Squares
journal, April 1932

Observation and Spectroscopy of New Proton-Unbound Isotopes ${}^{30}{Ar}$ and ${}^{29}{Cl}$ : An Interplay of Prompt Two-Proton and Sequential Decay
journal, November 2015

The proposed TITAN facility at ISAC for very precise mass measurements on highly charged short-lived isotopes
journal, May 2003

Isobaric multiplet mass equation for $A = 7$ and 8
journal, November 2011

Precision test of the isobaric multiplet mass equation for the $A = 32$ , $T = 2$ quintet
journal, November 2009

Precision atomic physics techniques for nuclear physics with radioactive beams
journal, January 2013

From direct to absolute mass measurements: A study of the accuracy of ISOLTRAP
journal, January 2003

A large Bradbury Nielsen ion gate with flexible wire spacing based on photo-etched stainless steel grids and its characterization applying symmetric and asymmetric potentials
journal, January 2012

Unexpectedly large charge radii of neutron-rich calcium isotopes
journal, February 2016

Elucidation of the Anomalous $A = 9$ Isospin Quartet Behavior
journal, May 2012

An ion guide laser ion source for isobar-suppressed rare isotope beams
journal, March 2014

Revalidation of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation
journal, March 2002

New mass measurements with trapped (radioactive) ions and related fundamental physics
journal, May 2019

Isobaric multiplet mass equation within nuclear density functional theory
journal, January 2019