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Title: Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications: Western U.S. Wildfire Emissions

Abstract

Wildfires emit significant amounts of pollutants that degrade air quality. Plumes from three wildfires in the western U.S. were measured from aircraft during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and the Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP), both in summer 2013. This study reports an extensive set of emission factors (EFs) for over 80 gases and 5 components of submicron particulate matter (PM1) from these temperate wildfires. These include rarely, or never before, measured oxygenated volatile organic compounds and multifunctional organic nitrates. The observed EFs are compared with previous measurements of temperate wildfires, boreal forest fires, and temperate prescribed fires. Furthermore, the wildfires emitted high amounts of PM1 (with organic aerosol (OA) dominating the mass) with an average EF that is more than 2 times the EFs for prescribed fires. The measured EFs were used to estimate the annual wildfire emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, total nonmethane organic compounds, and PM1 from 11 western U.S. states. The estimated gas emissions are generally comparable with the 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI). However, our PM1 emission estimate (1530 ± 570 Gg yr-1) is over 3 times that of the NEI PM2.5 estimate andmore » is also higher than the PM2.5 emitted from all other sources in these states in the NEI. This study indicates that the source of OA from biomass burning in the western states is significantly underestimated. Additionally, our results indicate that prescribed burning may be an effective method to reduce fine particle emissions.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [8];  [4];  [9]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [11]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [12];  [13];  [14]; ORCiD logo [15];  [6]; ORCiD logo [2] more »;  [16]; ORCiD logo [17]; ORCiD logo [18]; ORCiD logo [19]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [20]; ORCiD logo [21]; ORCiD logo [22];  [12];  [16]; ORCiD logo [23];  [16]; ORCiD logo [24];  [2]; ORCiD logo [11]; ORCiD logo [25]; ORCiD logo [26]; ORCiD logo [27] « less
  1. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry
  2. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
  3. Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  4. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  5. Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Univ. of Innsbruck (Austria). Inst. of Ion Physics and Applied Physics
  6. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry
  7. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder Colorado USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder Colorado USA
  8. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States); California State Univ. (CalState), San Bernardino, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  9. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Division; Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Oceanic and Space Sciences
  10. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States); Science Systems and Applications Inc., Hampton, VA (United States)
  11. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
  12. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA (United States)
  13. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Division
  14. Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, MA (United States). Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry
  15. Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt Maryland USA
  16. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Environmental and Climate Sciences Dept.
  17. Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine California USA
  18. Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
  19. Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica Massachusetts USA
  20. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  21. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.; Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Science
  22. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  23. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division
  24. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Lab.; Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States). Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology
  25. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Division of Engineering and Applied Science
  26. Univ. of Innsbruck (Austria). Inst. of Ion Physics and Applied Physics; Univ. of Oslo (Norway). Dept. of Chemistry
  27. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Lab.; Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States). Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
OSTI Identifier:
1399686
Report Number(s):
BNL-114410-2017-JA
Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X; R&D Project: 2019‐BNL-EE630EECA-Budg; KP1701000; TRN: US1702968
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0012704
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 122; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
58 GEOSCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Liu, Xiaoxi, Huey, L. Gregory, Yokelson, Robert J., Selimovic, Vanessa, Simpson, Isobel J., Müller, Markus, Jimenez, Jose L., Campuzano-Jost, Pedro, Beyersdorf, Andreas J., Blake, Donald R., Butterfield, Zachary, Choi, Yonghoon, Crounse, John D., Day, Douglas A., Diskin, Glenn S., Dubey, Manvendra K., Fortner, Edward, Hanisco, Thomas F., Hu, Weiwei, King, Laura E., Kleinman, Lawrence, Meinardi, Simone, Mikoviny, Tomas, Onasch, Timothy B., Palm, Brett B., Peischl, Jeff, Pollack, Ilana B., Ryerson, Thomas B., Sachse, Glen W., Sedlacek, Arthur J., Shilling, John E., Springston, Stephen, St. Clair, Jason M., Tanner, David J., Teng, Alexander P., Wennberg, Paul O., Wisthaler, Armin, and Wolfe, Glenn M. Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications: Western U.S. Wildfire Emissions. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1002/2016JD026315.
Liu, Xiaoxi, Huey, L. Gregory, Yokelson, Robert J., Selimovic, Vanessa, Simpson, Isobel J., Müller, Markus, Jimenez, Jose L., Campuzano-Jost, Pedro, Beyersdorf, Andreas J., Blake, Donald R., Butterfield, Zachary, Choi, Yonghoon, Crounse, John D., Day, Douglas A., Diskin, Glenn S., Dubey, Manvendra K., Fortner, Edward, Hanisco, Thomas F., Hu, Weiwei, King, Laura E., Kleinman, Lawrence, Meinardi, Simone, Mikoviny, Tomas, Onasch, Timothy B., Palm, Brett B., Peischl, Jeff, Pollack, Ilana B., Ryerson, Thomas B., Sachse, Glen W., Sedlacek, Arthur J., Shilling, John E., Springston, Stephen, St. Clair, Jason M., Tanner, David J., Teng, Alexander P., Wennberg, Paul O., Wisthaler, Armin, & Wolfe, Glenn M. Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications: Western U.S. Wildfire Emissions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026315
Liu, Xiaoxi, Huey, L. Gregory, Yokelson, Robert J., Selimovic, Vanessa, Simpson, Isobel J., Müller, Markus, Jimenez, Jose L., Campuzano-Jost, Pedro, Beyersdorf, Andreas J., Blake, Donald R., Butterfield, Zachary, Choi, Yonghoon, Crounse, John D., Day, Douglas A., Diskin, Glenn S., Dubey, Manvendra K., Fortner, Edward, Hanisco, Thomas F., Hu, Weiwei, King, Laura E., Kleinman, Lawrence, Meinardi, Simone, Mikoviny, Tomas, Onasch, Timothy B., Palm, Brett B., Peischl, Jeff, Pollack, Ilana B., Ryerson, Thomas B., Sachse, Glen W., Sedlacek, Arthur J., Shilling, John E., Springston, Stephen, St. Clair, Jason M., Tanner, David J., Teng, Alexander P., Wennberg, Paul O., Wisthaler, Armin, and Wolfe, Glenn M. Wed . "Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications: Western U.S. Wildfire Emissions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026315. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1399686.
@article{osti_1399686,
title = {Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications: Western U.S. Wildfire Emissions},
author = {Liu, Xiaoxi and Huey, L. Gregory and Yokelson, Robert J. and Selimovic, Vanessa and Simpson, Isobel J. and Müller, Markus and Jimenez, Jose L. and Campuzano-Jost, Pedro and Beyersdorf, Andreas J. and Blake, Donald R. and Butterfield, Zachary and Choi, Yonghoon and Crounse, John D. and Day, Douglas A. and Diskin, Glenn S. and Dubey, Manvendra K. and Fortner, Edward and Hanisco, Thomas F. and Hu, Weiwei and King, Laura E. and Kleinman, Lawrence and Meinardi, Simone and Mikoviny, Tomas and Onasch, Timothy B. and Palm, Brett B. and Peischl, Jeff and Pollack, Ilana B. and Ryerson, Thomas B. and Sachse, Glen W. and Sedlacek, Arthur J. and Shilling, John E. and Springston, Stephen and St. Clair, Jason M. and Tanner, David J. and Teng, Alexander P. and Wennberg, Paul O. and Wisthaler, Armin and Wolfe, Glenn M.},
abstractNote = {Wildfires emit significant amounts of pollutants that degrade air quality. Plumes from three wildfires in the western U.S. were measured from aircraft during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and the Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP), both in summer 2013. This study reports an extensive set of emission factors (EFs) for over 80 gases and 5 components of submicron particulate matter (PM1) from these temperate wildfires. These include rarely, or never before, measured oxygenated volatile organic compounds and multifunctional organic nitrates. The observed EFs are compared with previous measurements of temperate wildfires, boreal forest fires, and temperate prescribed fires. Furthermore, the wildfires emitted high amounts of PM1 (with organic aerosol (OA) dominating the mass) with an average EF that is more than 2 times the EFs for prescribed fires. The measured EFs were used to estimate the annual wildfire emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, total nonmethane organic compounds, and PM1 from 11 western U.S. states. The estimated gas emissions are generally comparable with the 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI). However, our PM1 emission estimate (1530 ± 570 Gg yr-1) is over 3 times that of the NEI PM2.5 estimate and is also higher than the PM2.5 emitted from all other sources in these states in the NEI. This study indicates that the source of OA from biomass burning in the western states is significantly underestimated. Additionally, our results indicate that prescribed burning may be an effective method to reduce fine particle emissions.},
doi = {10.1002/2016JD026315},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
number = 11,
volume = 122,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}

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