Synthesis and Reactivity of Palladium(II) Alkyl Complexes that Contain Phosphine-cyclopentanesulfonate Ligands
Abstract
The synthesis of the phosphine-cyclopentanesulfonate pro-ligands Li/K[2-PPh2-cyclopentanesulfonate] (Li/K[2a]), Li/K[2-P(2-OMe-Ph)2-cyclopentanesulfonate] (Li/K[2b]), and H[2b], and the corresponding Pd(II) alkyl complexes (κ2-P,O-2a)PdMe(pyridine) (3a) and (κ2-P,O-2b)PdMe(pyridine) (3b) is described herein. The sulfonate-bridged base-free dimer {(2b)PdMe}2 (4b) was synthesized by abstraction of pyridine from 3b using B(C6F5)3. The borane-coordinated base-free dimer [{2b·B(C6F5)3}PdMe]2 (5b), in which B(C6F5)3 binds to a sulfonate oxygen, was prepared by addition of 1 equiv of B(C6F5)3 per Pd to 4b or addition of 2 equiv of B(C6F5)3 to 3b. Compounds 3b, 4b, and 5b polymerize ethylene with low activity (up to 210 kg mol–1 h–1 at 250 psi and 80 °C) to linear polyethylene (Mn = 1950–5250 Da) with predominantly internal olefin placements. 3b and 4b copolymerize ethylene with methyl acrylate to linear copolymers that contain up to 11.7 mol % methyl acrylate, which is incorporated as –CH2CH(CO2Me)CH2– (80%) in-chain units and –CH2CH(CO2Me)Me (8%) and –CH2CH=CH(CO2Me) (12%) chain-end units. 3b and 4b also copolymerize ethylene with vinyl fluoride to linear copolymers that contain up to 0.41 mol % vinyl fluoride, which is incorporated as –CH2CHFCH2– (~80%) in-chain units and –CH2CF2H (7%), –CH2CHFCH3 (5%), and –CH2CH2F (8%) chain-end units. Complexes 3b and 4b are more stable and active in ethylene polymerization thanmore »
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- National Science Foundation (NSF); US Department of Education; USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1399121
- Grant/Contract Number:
- CHE-0911180; CHE-1709159; CHE-1048528; P200A120093; ACI-1548562; AC02-06CH11357; NSF/CHE-1346572
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Organometallics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 36; Journal Issue: 17; Journal ID: ISSN 0276-7333
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; Palladium; Hydrocarbons; Copolymerization; Catalysts; Molecular structure
Citation Formats
Black, Rebecca E., and Jordan, Richard F. Synthesis and Reactivity of Palladium(II) Alkyl Complexes that Contain Phosphine-cyclopentanesulfonate Ligands. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00572.
Black, Rebecca E., & Jordan, Richard F. Synthesis and Reactivity of Palladium(II) Alkyl Complexes that Contain Phosphine-cyclopentanesulfonate Ligands. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00572
Black, Rebecca E., and Jordan, Richard F. Wed .
"Synthesis and Reactivity of Palladium(II) Alkyl Complexes that Contain Phosphine-cyclopentanesulfonate Ligands". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00572. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1399121.
@article{osti_1399121,
title = {Synthesis and Reactivity of Palladium(II) Alkyl Complexes that Contain Phosphine-cyclopentanesulfonate Ligands},
author = {Black, Rebecca E. and Jordan, Richard F.},
abstractNote = {The synthesis of the phosphine-cyclopentanesulfonate pro-ligands Li/K[2-PPh2-cyclopentanesulfonate] (Li/K[2a]), Li/K[2-P(2-OMe-Ph)2-cyclopentanesulfonate] (Li/K[2b]), and H[2b], and the corresponding Pd(II) alkyl complexes (κ2-P,O-2a)PdMe(pyridine) (3a) and (κ2-P,O-2b)PdMe(pyridine) (3b) is described herein. The sulfonate-bridged base-free dimer {(2b)PdMe}2 (4b) was synthesized by abstraction of pyridine from 3b using B(C6F5)3. The borane-coordinated base-free dimer [{2b·B(C6F5)3}PdMe]2 (5b), in which B(C6F5)3 binds to a sulfonate oxygen, was prepared by addition of 1 equiv of B(C6F5)3 per Pd to 4b or addition of 2 equiv of B(C6F5)3 to 3b. Compounds 3b, 4b, and 5b polymerize ethylene with low activity (up to 210 kg mol–1 h–1 at 250 psi and 80 °C) to linear polyethylene (Mn = 1950–5250 Da) with predominantly internal olefin placements. 3b and 4b copolymerize ethylene with methyl acrylate to linear copolymers that contain up to 11.7 mol % methyl acrylate, which is incorporated as –CH2CH(CO2Me)CH2– (80%) in-chain units and –CH2CH(CO2Me)Me (8%) and –CH2CH=CH(CO2Me) (12%) chain-end units. 3b and 4b also copolymerize ethylene with vinyl fluoride to linear copolymers that contain up to 0.41 mol % vinyl fluoride, which is incorporated as –CH2CHFCH2– (~80%) in-chain units and –CH2CF2H (7%), –CH2CHFCH3 (5%), and –CH2CH2F (8%) chain-end units. Complexes 3b and 4b are more stable and active in ethylene polymerization than analogous (PAr2-CH2CH2SO3)PdR catalysts, but are less active than analogous (PAr2-arenesulfonate)PdR catalysts. Low-temperature NMR studies show that 4b reacts with ethylene below -10 °C to form the ethylene adduct cis-P,R-(2b)PdMe(ethylene) (7b), which undergoes ethylene insertion at 5 °C. DFT calculations for a model (PMe2-cyclopentanesulfonate)Pd(Pr)(ethylene) species show that ethylene insertion proceeds by cis-P,R/trans-P,R isomerization followed by migratory insertion, and that the lower activity of 3b and 4b vis-à-vis analogous (PAr2-arenesulfonate)PdR catalysts results from a higher barrier for migratory insertion of the trans-P,R isomer.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00572},
journal = {Organometallics},
number = 17,
volume = 36,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {8}
}
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