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Title: Planck intermediate results: XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data

Abstract

Parity-violating extensions of the standard electromagnetic theory cause in vacuo rotation of the plane of polarization of propagating photons. This effect, also known as cosmic birefringence, has an impact on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy angular power spectra, producing non-vanishing T-B and E-B correlations that are otherwise null when parity is a symmetry. Here we present new constraints on an isotropic rotation, parametrized by the angle α, derived from Planck 2015 CMB polarization data. To increase the robustness of our analyses, we employ two complementary approaches, in harmonic space and in map space, the latter based on a peak stacking technique. The two approaches provide estimates for α that are in agreement within statistical uncertainties and are very stable against several consistency tests.Considering the T-B and E-B information jointly, we find α = 0°310°05(stat.)±0°28 (syst.) from the harmonic analysis and α = 0°350°05(stat.)±0°28 (syst.) from the stacking approach. These constraints are compatible with no parity violation and are dominated by the systematic uncertainty in the orientation of Planck's polarization-sensitive bolometers.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Contributing Org.:
Planck Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1398446
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 596; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-6361
Publisher:
EDP Sciences
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; cosmology: observations; cosmic background radiation; cosmological parameters; methods: data analysis; methods: statistical

Citation Formats

Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Comis, B., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Désert, F. -X., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hansen, F. K., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J. P., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, F., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A. Planck intermediate results: XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629018.
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Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Comis, B., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Désert, F. -X., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hansen, F. K., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J. P., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, F., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., & Zonca, A. Planck intermediate results: XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data. United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629018
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Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Comis, B., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Désert, F. -X., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hansen, F. K., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J. P., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, F., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A. Mon . "Planck intermediate results: XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data". United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629018. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1398446.
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@article{osti_1398446,
title = {Planck intermediate results: XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data},
author = {Aghanim, N. and Ashdown, M. and Aumont, J. and Baccigalupi, C. and Ballardini, M. and Banday, A. J. and Barreiro, R. B. and Bartolo, N. and Basak, S. and Benabed, K. and Bernard, J. -P. and Bersanelli, M. and Bielewicz, P. and Bonavera, L. and Bond, J. R. and Borrill, J. and Bouchet, F. R. and Burigana, C. and Calabrese, E. and Cardoso, J. -F. and Carron, J. and Chiang, H. C. and Colombo, L. P. L. and Comis, B. and Contreras, D. and Couchot, F. and Coulais, A. and Crill, B. P. and Curto, A. and Cuttaia, F. and de Bernardis, P. and de Rosa, A. and de Zotti, G. and Delabrouille, J. and Désert, F. -X. and Di Valentino, E. and Dickinson, C. and Diego, J. M. and Doré, O. and Ducout, A. and Dupac, X. and Dusini, S. and Elsner, F. and Enßlin, T. A. and Eriksen, H. K. and Fantaye, Y. and Finelli, F. and Forastieri, F. and Frailis, M. and Franceschi, E. and Frolov, A. and Galeotta, S. and Galli, S. and Ganga, K. and Génova-Santos, R. T. and Gerbino, M. and Giraud-Héraud, Y. and González-Nuevo, J. and Górski, K. M. and Gruppuso, A. and Gudmundsson, J. E. and Hansen, F. K. and Henrot-Versillé, S. and Herranz, D. and Hivon, E. and Huang, Z. and Jaffe, A. H. and Jones, W. C. and Keihänen, E. and Keskitalo, R. and Kiiveri, K. and Krachmalnicoff, N. and Kunz, M. and Kurki-Suonio, H. and Lamarre, J. -M. and Langer, M. and Lasenby, A. and Lattanzi, M. and Lawrence, C. R. and Le Jeune, M. and Leahy, J. P. and Levrier, F. and Liguori, M. and Lilje, P. B. and Lindholm, V. and López-Caniego, M. and Ma, Y. -Z. and Macías-Pérez, J. F. and Maggio, G. and Maino, D. and Mandolesi, N. and Maris, M. and Martin, P. G. and Martínez-González, E. and Matarrese, S. and Mauri, N. and McEwen, J. D. and Meinhold, P. R. and Melchiorri, A. and Mennella, A. and Migliaccio, M. and Miville-Deschênes, M. -A. and Molinari, D. and Moneti, A. and Morgante, G. and Moss, A. and Natoli, P. and Pagano, L. and Paoletti, D. and Patanchon, G. and Patrizii, L. and Perotto, L. and Pettorino, V. and Piacentini, F. and Polastri, L. and Polenta, G. and Rachen, J. P. and Racine, B. and Reinecke, M. and Remazeilles, M. and Renzi, A. and Rocha, G. and Rosset, C. and Rossetti, M. and Roudier, G. and Rubiño-Martín, J. A. and Ruiz-Granados, B. and Sandri, M. and Savelainen, M. and Scott, D. and Sirignano, C. and Sirri, G. and Spencer, L. D. and Suur-Uski, A. -S. and Tauber, J. A. and Tavagnacco, D. and Tenti, M. and Toffolatti, L. and Tomasi, M. and Tristram, M. and Trombetti, T. and Valiviita, J. and Van Tent, F. and Vielva, P. and Villa, F. and Vittorio, N. and Wandelt, B. D. and Wehus, I. K. and Zacchei, A. and Zonca, A.},
abstractNote = {Parity-violating extensions of the standard electromagnetic theory cause in vacuo rotation of the plane of polarization of propagating photons. This effect, also known as cosmic birefringence, has an impact on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy angular power spectra, producing non-vanishing T-B and E-B correlations that are otherwise null when parity is a symmetry. Here we present new constraints on an isotropic rotation, parametrized by the angle α, derived from Planck 2015 CMB polarization data. To increase the robustness of our analyses, we employ two complementary approaches, in harmonic space and in map space, the latter based on a peak stacking technique. The two approaches provide estimates for α that are in agreement within statistical uncertainties and are very stable against several consistency tests.Considering the T-B and E-B information jointly, we find α = 0°310°05(stat.)±0°28 (syst.) from the harmonic analysis and α = 0°350°05(stat.)±0°28 (syst.) from the stacking approach. These constraints are compatible with no parity violation and are dominated by the systematic uncertainty in the orientation of Planck's polarization-sensitive bolometers.},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201629018},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
number = ,
volume = 596,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Mon Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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New Constraints on Cosmic Polarization Rotation from B-Mode Polarization in Cosmic Microwave Background
text, January 2014

Precision Tests of Parity Violation Over Cosmological Distances
text, January 2014

Planck 2015 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results
text, January 2015

Planck 2015 results. X. Diffuse component separation: Foreground maps
text, January 2015

Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
text, January 2015

Planck 2015 results. IX. Diffuse component separation: CMB maps
text, January 2015

An efficient probe of the cosmological CPT violation
text, January 2015

Planck 2015 results. XI. CMB power spectra, likelihoods, and robustness of parameters
text, January 2015

A note on the birefringence angle estimation in CMB data analysis
text, January 2016

Unbiased Estimation of an Angular Power Spectrum
text, January 2004

An All-Sky Analysis of Polarization in the Microwave Background
text, January 1996

Statistics of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
text, January 1996

Gravitational Leptogenesis and Its Signatures in CMB
text, January 2004

First CMB constraints on direction-dependent cosmological birefringence from WMAP-7
journal, November 2012

WMAP 7 year constraints on CPT violation from large angle CMB anisotropies
text, January 2011

New Constraints on Cosmic Polarization Rotation from B-Mode Polarization in Cosmic Microwave Background
text, January 2014

Including birefringence into time evolution of CMB: current and future constraints
text, January 2014

Constraints on cosmological birefringence from Planck and Bicep2/Keck data
text, January 2015

A note on the birefringence angle estimation in CMB data analysis
text, January 2016

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    The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: two-season ACTPol spectra and parameters
    journal, June 2017

    • Louis, Thibaut; Grace, Emily; Hasselfield, Matthew
    • Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 06
    • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2017/06/031

    Parity breaking signatures from a Chern-Simons coupling during inflation: the case of non-Gaussian gravitational waves
    journal, July 2017

    Constraints on direction-dependent cosmic birefringence from Planck polarization data
    journal, December 2017

    • Contreras, Dagoberto; Boubel, Paula; Scott, Douglas
    • Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 12
    • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2017/12/046

    Exploring cosmic origins with CORE: Cosmological parameters
    journal, April 2018

    • Valentino, E. Di; Brinckmann, T.; Gerbino, M.
    • Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 04
    • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2018/04/017

    The Simons Observatory: science goals and forecasts
    journal, February 2019

    • Ade, Peter; Aguirre, James; Ahmed, Zeeshan
    • Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 02
    • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/02/056

    Probing primordial gravitational waves: Ali CMB Polarization Telescope
    journal, February 2018

    • Li, Hong; Li, Si-Yu; Liu, Yang
    • National Science Review, Vol. 6, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwy019

    Simultaneous determination of the cosmic birefringence and miscalibrated polarization angles from CMB experiments
    journal, August 2019

    • Minami, Yuto; Ochi, Hiroki; Ichiki, Kiyotomo
    • Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 8
    • DOI: 10.1093/ptep/ptz079

    Axion dark matter detection with CMB polarization
    journal, July 2019

    Future CMB constraints on cosmic birefringence and implications for fundamental physics
    journal, July 2019

    Cross-correlation between 21-cm radiation and CMB B modes from the cosmic birefringence in the presence of a light scalar field
    journal, September 2019

    Finding the chiral gravitational wave background of an axion- S U ( 2 ) inflationary model using CMB observations and laser interferometers
    journal, February 2018

    The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
    text, January 2019

    • Ade, P.; Aguirre, J.; Ahmed, Z.
    • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
    • DOI: 10.17863/cam.38168

    Exploring Cosmic Origins with CORE: Cosmological Parameters
    text, January 2016

    Probing Primordial Gravitational Waves: Ali CMB Polarization Telescope
    text, January 2017

    The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
    text, January 2018

    Axion Dark Matter Detection with CMB Polarization
    text, January 2019

    Future CMB constraints on cosmic birefringence and implications for fundamental physics
    text, January 2019

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