The physics of heavy quark distributions in hadrons: Collider tests

Brodsky, S. J.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Lykasov, G. I.; Smiesko, J.; Tokar, S.

doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.12.001

Title: The physics of heavy quark distributions in hadrons: Collider tests

Abstract

Here, we present a review of the current understanding of the heavy quark distributions in the nucleon and their impact on collider physics. The origin of strange, charm and bottom quark pairs at high light-front (LF) momentum fractions in hadron wavefunction—the “intrinsic” quarks, is reviewed. The determination of heavy-quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) is particularly significant for the analysis of hard processes at LHC energies. We show that a careful study of the inclusive production of open charm and the production of γ/Z/W particles, accompanied by the heavy jets at large transverse momenta can give essential information on the intrinsic heavy quark (IQ) distributions. We also focus on the theoretical predictions concerning other observables which are very sensitive to the intrinsic charm contribution to PDFs including Higgs production at high x_F and novel fixed target measurements which can be tested at the LHC.

Authors:

Brodsky, S. J. ^[1]; Bednyakov, V. A. ^[2]; Lykasov, G. I. ^[2]; Smiesko, J. ^[3]; Tokar, S. ^[3]

SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow Region (Russia)
Comenius Univ. in Bratislava (Slovakia)

Publication Date:: Sun Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2016

Research Org.:: SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1339544

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1397478

Report Number(s):: SLAC-PUB-16844
Journal ID: ISSN 0146-6410; arXiv:1612.01351; TRN: US1701129

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; DE–AC02–76SF00515 SLAC-PUB-16844

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 93; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0146-6410

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; quarks; gluons; charm; QCD; PDF

Citation Formats


                    Brodsky, S. J., Bednyakov, V. A., Lykasov, G. I., Smiesko, J., and Tokar, S. The physics of heavy quark distributions in hadrons: Collider tests.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.12.001.

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                    Brodsky, S. J., Bednyakov, V. A., Lykasov, G. I., Smiesko, J., & Tokar, S. The physics of heavy quark distributions in hadrons: Collider tests.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.12.001

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                    Brodsky, S. J., Bednyakov, V. A., Lykasov, G. I., Smiesko, J., and Tokar, S. Sun .  
"The physics of heavy quark distributions in hadrons: Collider tests".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.12.001.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1339544.

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@article{osti_1339544,

  title        = {The physics of heavy quark distributions in hadrons: Collider tests},

  author       = {Brodsky, S. J. and Bednyakov, V. A. and Lykasov, G. I. and Smiesko, J. and Tokar, S.},

  abstractNote = {Here, we present a review of the current understanding of the heavy quark distributions in the nucleon and their impact on collider physics. The origin of strange, charm and bottom quark pairs at high light-front (LF) momentum fractions in hadron wavefunction—the “intrinsic” quarks, is reviewed. The determination of heavy-quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) is particularly significant for the analysis of hard processes at LHC energies. We show that a careful study of the inclusive production of open charm and the production of γ/Z/W particles, accompanied by the heavy jets at large transverse momenta can give essential information on the intrinsic heavy quark (IQ) distributions. We also focus on the theoretical predictions concerning other observables which are very sensitive to the intrinsic charm contribution to PDFs including Higgs production at high xF and novel fixed target measurements which can be tested at the LHC.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.ppnp.2016.12.001},

  journal      = {Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 93,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sun Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2016},

  month        = {Sun Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2016}

}

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Nucleon structure and hard p–p processes at high energies
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Lykasov, G. I.; Bednyakov, I. V.; Demichev, M. A.
Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements, Vol. 245
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AKK update: Improvements from new theoretical input and experimental data
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Albino, S.; Kniehl, B. A.; Kramer, G.
Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 803, Issue 1-2
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QCD and the physics of hadronic collisions
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Mangano, Michelangelo L.
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Precision luminosity measurements at LHCb
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collaboration, The LHCb
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Next-to-leading order corrections to $W + 2$ jet and $Z + 2$ jet production at hadron colliders
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Campbell, John; Ellis, R. K.
Physical Review D, Vol. 65, Issue 11
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Semihard processes in QCD
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Gribov, L.
Physics Reports, Vol. 100, Issue 1-2
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Small x phenomenology: summary and status
journal, September 2002

Andersson et al., B.
The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 25, Issue 1
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Small-x phenomenology – Summary of the 3rd Lund small-x workshop in 2004
journal, July 2006

Andersen, J. R.; Baranov, S.; Bartels, J.
The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 48, Issue 1
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Quasi-multi-Regge processes with a quark exchange in the -channel
journal, March 2001

Lipatov, L. N.; Vyazovsky, M. I.
Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 597, Issue 1-3
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A proof of the reggeized form of amplitudes with quark exchanges
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Bogdan, A. V.; Fadin, V. S.
Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 740, Issue 1-2
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Next-to-leading order jet vertex from Lipatov’s QCD effective action
journal, March 2012

Hentschinski, Martin; Vera, Agustín Sabio
Physical Review D, Vol. 85, Issue 5
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Pole prescription of higher order induced vertices in Lipatovʼs QCD effective action
journal, June 2012

Hentschinski, Martin
Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 859, Issue 2
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Quark contribution to the gluon Regge trajectory at NLO from the high energy effective action
journal, August 2012

Chachamis, G.; Hentschinski, M.; Madrigal Martínez, J. D.
Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 861, Issue 1
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Gauge invariant effective action for high energy processes in QCD
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Lipatov, L. N.
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Small-x physics in perturbative QCD
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Lipatov, L. N.
Physics Reports, Vol. 286, Issue 3
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NLO prescription for unintegrated parton distributions
journal, January 2010

Martin, A. D.; Ryskin, M. G.; Watt, G.
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Parton distribution functions and constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton using the Brodsky-Hoyer-Peterson-Saka approach
journal, June 2019

Abdolmaleki, H.; Khorramian, A.
Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.116019

Intrinsic charm contribution to the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux
journal, July 2018

Giannini, A. V.; Gonçalves, V. P.; Navarra, F. S.
Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.014012

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
journal, January 2019

Bednyakov, V. A.; Brodsky, S. J.; Lipatov, A. V.
The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 79, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6605-y

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
text, January 2019

Bednyakov, V. A.; Brodsky, S. J.; Lipatov, A. V.
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2019-01300

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
text, January 2018

Bednyakov, V. A.; Brodsky, S. J.; Lipatov, A. V.
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2018-03692

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
preprint, January 2017

Bednyakov, V. A.; Brodsky, S. J.; Lipatov, A. V.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1712.09096

Intrinsic charm contribution to the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux
text, January 2018

Giannini, A. V.; Goncalves, V. P.; Navarra, F. S.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1803.01728

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Title: The physics of heavy quark distributions in hadrons: Collider tests

Abstract

Citation Formats

Asymptotic freedom in parton language journal, August 1977

Heavy quark mass expansion and intrinsic charm in light hadrons journal, September 2000

The intrinsic charm of the proton journal, June 1980

Observation of charmed D meson production in pp collisions journal, February 1979

Diffractive production of the charmed baryon Λ+c at the CERN ISR journal, August 1979

Evidence for Λc+ in inclusive pp → (Λ0π+π+π−) + X and pp → (K−π+p) + X at √s = 53 and 62 GeV journal, August 1979

Charmed baryon production at the CERN intersecting storage rings journal, August 1979

New Results in Light-Front Phenomenology journal, May 2005

A Review of the Intrinsic Heavy Quark Content of the Nucleon journal, January 2015

Light-cone models for intrinsic charm and bottom journal, June 2006

Production of charmed particles in 250 GeV μ+-iron interactions journal, March 1983

Parton distributions for the LHC run II journal, April 2015

New parton distribution functions from a global analysis of quantum chromodynamics journal, February 2016

Enhanced leading production of D ± and D * ± in 250 GeV π ± -nucleon interactions journal, February 1994

Asymmetries between the production of D+ and D− mesons from 500 GeV/c π−-nucleus interactions as a function of xF and pt2 journal, March 1996

The quark-gluon structure of the pomeron and the rise of inclusive spectra at high energies journal, October 1982

Dual parton model journal, January 1994

Inclusive spectra of baryons in the quark-gluon strings model journal, March 1986

Open heavy flavour production at high energies journal, July 1995

The quark–gluon string model: soft and semihard hadronic processes journal, July 1999

Production of the charmed baryon Λ+c in π−Cu and K−Cu interactions at 230 GeV journal, September 1990

A measurement of $$\Lambda _c^ + $$ baryon production in proton-proton interactions at $$\sqrt s = 62GeV$$ journal, April 1991

Measurement of the Cross Section for Direct-Photon Production in Association with a Heavy Quark in p p ¯ Collisions at s = 1.96 TeV journal, July 2013

Direct photon production in association with a heavy quark at hadron colliders journal, March 2009

Searching for intrinsic charm in the proton at the LHC journal, January 2014

Search for intrinsic charm in vector boson production accompanied by heavy-flavor jets journal, August 2015

Probing proton intrinsic charm in photon or Z boson production accompanied by heavy jets at the LHC journal, September 2016

Higgs hadroproduction at large Feynman x journal, January 2009

Physics opportunities of a fixed-target experiment using LHC beams journal, January 2013

Insight into nucleon structure from lattice calculations of moments of parton and generalized parton distributions journal, February 2004

Parton distributions from the lattice journal, June 2005

New Generation of Parton Distributions with Uncertainties from Global QCD Analysis journal, July 2002

Inclusive jet production, parton distributions, and the search for new physics journal, October 2003

The quark-antiquark asymmetry of the nucleon sea journal, July 1996

Quark sea and quantum chromodynamics journal, June 1977

Virtual Meson Cloud of the Nucleon and Intrinsic Strangeness and Charm journal, November 1998

HERA anomaly and hard charm in the nucleon journal, November 1997

Charm in the nucleon journal, December 1999

Implications of CTEQ global analysis for collider observables journal, July 2008

Inclusive charm cross sections in 800 GeV/c p-p interactions journal, January 1987

Novel QCD Phenomena at the LHC: The Ridge, Digluon-Initiated Subprocesses, Direct Reactions, Non-Universal Antishadowing, and Forward Higgs Production journal, January 2015

A kinematic condition on intrinsic charm journal, February 2016

Perturbative Generation of a Strange-Quark Asymmetry in the Nucleon journal, October 2004

Hadronic production of Λc from 600 GeV/c π−, Σ− and p beams journal, February 2002

The impact of the intrinsic charm quark content of a proton on the differential $\gamma +c$ cross section journal, April 2016

High energy factorization and small-x heavy flavour production journal, November 1991

Forward heavy-flavour production in pp collisions at LHC and intrinsic quark components in protons journal, July 2012

Looking for intrinsic charm in the forward region at BNL RHIC and CERN LHC journal, October 2010

Measurement of parton distributions of strange quarks in the nucleon from charged-kaon production in deep-inelastic scattering on the deuteron journal, September 2008

Prompt photon and associated heavy quark production at hadron colliders with k T -factorization journal, May 2012

Prompt photon hadroproduction at high energies in the k T -factorization approach journal, December 2006

Factorization Of Hard Processes In QCD book, July 1989

Quantum-chromodynamic approach for the large-transverse-momentum production of particles and jets journal, November 1978

ROLE OF GLUONS IN SOFT AND SEMI-HARD MULTIPLE HADRON PRODUCTION IN pp COLLISIONS AT LHC journal, March 2012

Inclusive charmed-meson production at the CERN LHC journal, July 2012

Reevaluation of the parton distribution of strange quarks in the nucleon journal, May 2014

Nucleon structure and hard p–p processes at high energies journal, December 2013

AKK update: Improvements from new theoretical input and experimental data journal, November 2008

QCD and the physics of hadronic collisions journal, May 2010

Precision luminosity measurements at LHCb journal, December 2014

Next-to-leading order corrections to W + 2 jet and Z + 2 jet production at hadron colliders journal, June 2002

Semihard processes in QCD journal, November 1983

Small x phenomenology: summary and status journal, September 2002

Small-x phenomenology – Summary of the 3rd Lund small-x workshop in 2004 journal, July 2006

Quasi-multi-Regge processes with a quark exchange in the -channel journal, March 2001

A proof of the reggeized form of amplitudes with quark exchanges journal, April 2006

Next-to-leading order jet vertex from Lipatov’s QCD effective action journal, March 2012

Pole prescription of higher order induced vertices in Lipatovʼs QCD effective action journal, June 2012

Quark contribution to the gluon Regge trajectory at NLO from the high energy effective action journal, August 2012

Gauge invariant effective action for high energy processes in QCD journal, October 1995

Small-x physics in perturbative QCD journal, July 1997

NLO prescription for unintegrated parton distributions journal, January 2010

Review of Particle Physics journal, August 2014

Parton distribution functions and constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton using the Brodsky-Hoyer-Peterson-Saka approach journal, June 2019

Intrinsic charm contribution to the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux journal, July 2018

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data journal, January 2019

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data text, January 2019

Asymptotic freedom in parton language
journal, August 1977

Heavy quark mass expansion and intrinsic charm in light hadrons
journal, September 2000

The intrinsic charm of the proton
journal, June 1980

Observation of charmed D meson production in pp collisions
journal, February 1979

Diffractive production of the charmed baryon Λ+c at the CERN ISR
journal, August 1979

Evidence for Λc+ in inclusive pp → (Λ0π+π+π−) + X and pp → (K−π+p) + X at √s = 53 and 62 GeV
journal, August 1979

Charmed baryon production at the CERN intersecting storage rings
journal, August 1979

New Results in Light-Front Phenomenology
journal, May 2005

A Review of the Intrinsic Heavy Quark Content of the Nucleon
journal, January 2015

Light-cone models for intrinsic charm and bottom
journal, June 2006

Production of charmed particles in 250 GeV μ+-iron interactions
journal, March 1983

Parton distributions for the LHC run II
journal, April 2015

New parton distribution functions from a global analysis of quantum chromodynamics
journal, February 2016

Enhanced leading production of $D^{\pm}$ and $D^{* \pm}$ in 250 GeV $π^{\pm}$ -nucleon interactions
journal, February 1994

Asymmetries between the production of D+ and D− mesons from 500 GeV/c π−-nucleus interactions as a function of xF and pt2
journal, March 1996

The quark-gluon structure of the pomeron and the rise of inclusive spectra at high energies
journal, October 1982

Dual parton model
journal, January 1994

Inclusive spectra of baryons in the quark-gluon strings model
journal, March 1986

Open heavy flavour production at high energies
journal, July 1995

The quark–gluon string model: soft and semihard hadronic processes
journal, July 1999

Production of the charmed baryon Λ+c in π−Cu and K−Cu interactions at 230 GeV
journal, September 1990

A measurement of $$\Lambda _c^ + $$ baryon production in proton-proton interactions at $$\sqrt s = 62GeV$$
journal, April 1991

Measurement of the Cross Section for Direct-Photon Production in Association with a Heavy Quark in $p \bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV$
journal, July 2013

Direct photon production in association with a heavy quark at hadron colliders
journal, March 2009

Searching for intrinsic charm in the proton at the LHC
journal, January 2014

Search for intrinsic charm in vector boson production accompanied by heavy-flavor jets
journal, August 2015

Probing proton intrinsic charm in photon or $Z$ boson production accompanied by heavy jets at the LHC
journal, September 2016

Higgs hadroproduction at large Feynman x
journal, January 2009

Physics opportunities of a fixed-target experiment using LHC beams
journal, January 2013

Insight into nucleon structure from lattice calculations of moments of parton and generalized parton distributions
journal, February 2004

Parton distributions from the lattice
journal, June 2005

New Generation of Parton Distributions with Uncertainties from Global QCD Analysis
journal, July 2002

Inclusive jet production, parton distributions, and the search for new physics
journal, October 2003

The quark-antiquark asymmetry of the nucleon sea
journal, July 1996

Quark sea and quantum chromodynamics
journal, June 1977

Virtual Meson Cloud of the Nucleon and Intrinsic Strangeness and Charm
journal, November 1998

HERA anomaly and hard charm in the nucleon
journal, November 1997

Charm in the nucleon
journal, December 1999

Implications of CTEQ global analysis for collider observables
journal, July 2008

Inclusive charm cross sections in 800 GeV/c p-p interactions
journal, January 1987

Novel QCD Phenomena at the LHC: The Ridge, Digluon-Initiated Subprocesses, Direct Reactions, Non-Universal Antishadowing, and Forward Higgs Production
journal, January 2015

A kinematic condition on intrinsic charm
journal, February 2016

Perturbative Generation of a Strange-Quark Asymmetry in the Nucleon
journal, October 2004

Hadronic production of Λc from 600 GeV/c π−, Σ− and p beams
journal, February 2002

The impact of the intrinsic charm quark content of a proton on the differential $\gamma +c$ cross section
journal, April 2016

High energy factorization and small-x heavy flavour production
journal, November 1991

Forward heavy-flavour production in pp collisions at LHC and intrinsic quark components in protons
journal, July 2012

Looking for intrinsic charm in the forward region at BNL RHIC and CERN LHC
journal, October 2010

Measurement of parton distributions of strange quarks in the nucleon from charged-kaon production in deep-inelastic scattering on the deuteron
journal, September 2008

Prompt photon and associated heavy quark production at hadron colliders with k T -factorization
journal, May 2012

Prompt photon hadroproduction at high energies in the k _T -factorization approach
journal, December 2006

Factorization Of Hard Processes In QCD
book, July 1989

Quantum-chromodynamic approach for the large-transverse-momentum production of particles and jets
journal, November 1978

ROLE OF GLUONS IN SOFT AND SEMI-HARD MULTIPLE HADRON PRODUCTION IN pp COLLISIONS AT LHC
journal, March 2012

Inclusive charmed-meson production at the CERN LHC
journal, July 2012

Reevaluation of the parton distribution of strange quarks in the nucleon
journal, May 2014

Nucleon structure and hard p–p processes at high energies
journal, December 2013

AKK update: Improvements from new theoretical input and experimental data
journal, November 2008

QCD and the physics of hadronic collisions
journal, May 2010

Precision luminosity measurements at LHCb
journal, December 2014

Next-to-leading order corrections to $W + 2$ jet and $Z + 2$ jet production at hadron colliders
journal, June 2002

Semihard processes in QCD
journal, November 1983

Small x phenomenology: summary and status
journal, September 2002

Small-x phenomenology – Summary of the 3rd Lund small-x workshop in 2004
journal, July 2006

Quasi-multi-Regge processes with a quark exchange in the -channel
journal, March 2001

A proof of the reggeized form of amplitudes with quark exchanges
journal, April 2006

Next-to-leading order jet vertex from Lipatov’s QCD effective action
journal, March 2012

Pole prescription of higher order induced vertices in Lipatovʼs QCD effective action
journal, June 2012

Quark contribution to the gluon Regge trajectory at NLO from the high energy effective action
journal, August 2012

Gauge invariant effective action for high energy processes in QCD
journal, October 1995

Small-x physics in perturbative QCD
journal, July 1997

NLO prescription for unintegrated parton distributions
journal, January 2010

Review of Particle Physics
journal, August 2014

Parton distribution functions and constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton using the Brodsky-Hoyer-Peterson-Saka approach
journal, June 2019

Intrinsic charm contribution to the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux
journal, July 2018

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
journal, January 2019

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
text, January 2019

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
text, January 2018

Constraints on the intrinsic charm content of the proton from recent ATLAS data
preprint, January 2017

Intrinsic charm contribution to the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux
text, January 2018