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Title: Enzyme-Less Growth in Chara and Terrestrial Plants

Journal Article · · Frontiers in Plant Science
 [1]
  1. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States). Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources

Enzyme-less chemistry appears to control the growth rate of the green alga Chara corallina. The chemistry occurs in the wall where a calcium pectate cycle determines both the rate of wall enlargement and the rate of pectate deposition into the wall. The process is the first to indicate that a wall polymer can control how a plant cell enlarges after exocytosis releases the polymer to the wall. This raises the question of whether other species use a similar mechanism. Chara is one of the closest relatives of the progenitors of terrestrial plants and during the course of evolution, new wall features evolved while pectate remained one of the most conserved components. In addition, charophytes contain auxin which affects Chara in ways resembling its action in terrestrial plants. Furthermore, this review considers whether more recently acquired wall features require different mechanisms to explain cell expansion.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI ID:
1395863
Journal Information:
Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Name: Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 7; ISSN 1664-462X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Calcium pectate chemistry controls growth rate of Chara corallina journal November 2006
Tuning of pectin methylesterification: consequences for cell wall biomechanics and development journal July 2015
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Engineering the cell wall by reducing de-methyl-esterified homogalacturonan improves saccharification of plant tissues for bioconversion journal December 2009
Cell wall mechanics and growth control in plants: the role of pectins revisited journal January 2012
Radioautographic Study of cell wall Deposition in Growing Plant Cells journal December 1967
Calcium deprivation disrupts enlargement of Chara corallina cells: further evidence for the calcium pectate cycle journal March 2012
Identification of a cellulose synthase-associated protein required for cellulose biosynthesis journal July 2010
Influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on rheology of pectin–calcium gels journal December 2009
Polar auxin transport: an early invention journal April 2012
Phylogenetic analysis of pectin-related gene families in Physcomitrella patens and nine other plant species yields evolutionary insights into cell walls journal January 2014
The Effect of Auxin on Synthesis of Oat Coleoptile Cell Wall Constituents journal March 1965
Polysaccharides of the characeae III. The carbohydrate content of Chara australis journal September 1961
Calcium deprivation disrupts enlargement of Chara corallina cells: further evidence for the calcium pectate cycle journal March 2012
The Role of Wall Ca2+ in the Regulation of Wall Extensibility During the Acid-induced Extension of Soybean Hypocotyl Cell Walls journal November 2005
Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA Mutants Implicate GAUT Genes in the Biosynthesis of Pectin and Xylan in Cell Walls and Seed Testa journal September 2009
Calcium pectate chemistry causes growth to be stored in Chara corallina : a test of the pectate cycle journal August 2008
Molecular evolution and expression divergence of the Populus polygalacturonase supergene family shed light on the evolution of increasingly complex organs in plants journal January 2013
Mechano-Chemical Aspects of Organ Formation in Arabidopsis thaliana: The Relationship between Auxin and Pectin journal March 2013
The in-vitro acid-growth response: Relation to in-vivo growth responses and auxin action journal January 1972
Pectate chemistry links cell expansion to wall deposition in Chara corallina journal November 2012
Polysaccharides of the characeae II. The carbohydrate content of Nitella translucens journal September 1961
A Revised Architecture of Primary Cell Walls Based on Biomechanical Changes Induced by Substrate-Specific Endoglucanases journal February 2012
Water Transport journal June 1985
Cell wall mechanics and growth control in plants: the role of pectins revisited journal January 2012
Restoration of Mature Etiolated Cucumber Hypocotyl Cell Wall Susceptibility to Expansin by Pretreatment with Fungal Pectinases and EGTA in Vitro journal June 2008
Turgor and Cell Expansion: Beyond the Lockhart Equation journal January 1992
The Acid Growth Theory of auxin-induced cell elongation is alive and well. journal August 1992
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