Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to precipitation extremes: A synthesis of grassland precipitation manipulation experiments

Wilcox, Kevin R.; Shi, Zheng; Gherardi, Laureano A.; Lemoine, Nathan P.; Koerner, Sally E.; Hoover, David L.; Bork, Edward; Byrne, Kerry M.; Cahill, James; Collins, Scott L.; Evans, Sarah; Gilgen, Anna K.; Holub, Petr; Jiang, Lifen; Knapp, Alan K.; LeCain, Daniel; Liang, Junyi; Garcia-Palacios, Pablo; Peñuelas, Josep; Pockman, William T.; Smith, Melinda D.; Sun, Shanghua; White, Shannon R.; Yahdjian, Laura; Zhu, Kai; Luo, Yiqi

doi:10.1111/gcb.13706

Title: Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to precipitation extremes: A synthesis of grassland precipitation manipulation experiments

Journal Article · 02 April 2017 · Global Change Biology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13706 · OSTI ID:1394445

^[1]; Shi, Zheng ^[1]; Gherardi, Laureano A. ^[2]; Lemoine, Nathan P. ^[3]; Koerner, Sally E. ^[4]; Hoover, David L. ^[5]; Bork, Edward ^[6]; Byrne, Kerry M. ^[7]; Cahill, James ^[8]; Collins, Scott L. ^[9]; Evans, Sarah ^[10]; Gilgen, Anna K. ^[11]; Holub, Petr ^[12];

^[1]; Knapp, Alan K. ^[3]; LeCain, Daniel ^[5]; Liang, Junyi ^[1]; Garcia-Palacios, Pablo ^[13]; Peñuelas, Josep ^[14]; Pockman, William T. ^[9] more »

Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States). Dept. of Microbiology and Plant Biology
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States). School of Life Sciences
Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States). Dept. of Biology & Graduate Degree Program in Ecology
Univ. of South Florida, Tampa, FL (United States). Dept. of Integrative Biology
US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA)., Fort Collins, CO (United States). Agriculture Research Service (ARS)
Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science
Humboldt State Univ., Arcata, CA (United States). Dept. of Environmental Science and Management
Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Biological Sciences
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States). Dept. of Biology
Michigan State Univ., Hickory Corners, MI (United States). Dept. of Integrative Biology, Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Kellogg Biological Station
Federal Inst. of Technology, Zurich (Switzerland). Dept. of Environmental Systems Science
Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno (Czech Republic). Global Change Research Inst.
Univ. Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles (Spain). Area of Biodiversity and Conservation, Dept. of Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Higher School of Experimental Sciences and Technology
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Catalonia (Spain). Global Ecology Unit; Centre for Research on Ecology and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Catalonia (Spain)
Northwest A&F Univ., Yangling (China). College of Forestry
Government of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Environment and Parks
Univ. de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (Argentina). Faculty of Agronomy, Inst. for Physiological and Ecological Research Associated with Agriculture (IFEVA), National Research Council Scientific and Technical
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of BioSciences; Univ. of Texas, Arlington, TX (United States). Dept. of Biology

Climatic changes are altering Earth's hydrological cycle, resulting in altered precipitation amounts, increased interannual variability of precipitation, and more frequent extreme precipitation events. These trends will likely continue into the future, having substantial impacts on net primary productivity (NPP) and associated ecosystem services such as food production and carbon sequestration. Frequently, experimental manipulations of precipitation have linked altered precipitation regimes to changes in NPP. Yet, findings have been diverse and substantial uncertainty still surrounds generalities describing patterns of ecosystem sensitivity to altered precipitation. Additionally, we do not know whether previously observed correlations between NPP and precipitation remain accurate when precipitation changes become extreme. We synthesized results from 83 case studies of experimental precipitation manipulations in grasslands worldwide. Here, we used meta-analytical techniques to search for generalities and asymmetries of aboveground NPP (ANPP) and belowground NPP (BNPP) responses to both the direction and magnitude of precipitation change. Sensitivity (i.e., productivity response standardized by the amount of precipitation change) of BNPP was similar under precipitation additions and reductions, but ANPP was more sensitive to precipitation additions than reductions; this was especially evident in drier ecosystems. Additionally, overall relationships between the magnitude of productivity responses and the magnitude of precipitation change were saturating in form. The saturating form of this relationship was likely driven by ANPP responses to very extreme precipitation increases, although there were limited studies imposing extreme precipitation change, and there was considerable variation among experiments. Finally, this highlights the importance of incorporating gradients of manipulations, ranging from extreme drought to extreme precipitation increases into future climate change experiments. Additionally, policy and land management decisions related to global change scenarios should consider how ANPP and BNPP responses may differ, and that ecosystem responses to extreme events might not be predicted from relationships found under moderate environmental changes.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; 1137293; 1027319; 1456597; AFRI 2016-67012-25169; SyG-2013-610028 IMBALANCE-P

OSTI ID:: 1394445

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Vol. 23, Issue 10; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 167 works

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Effects of extreme changes in precipitation on the physiology of C4 grasses Connor, Elise W.; Hawkes, Christine V. Oecologia, Vol. 188, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4212-5	journal	June 2018
Distinct fine‐root responses to precipitation changes in herbaceous and woody plants: a meta‐analysis Wang, Peng; Huang, Kailing; Hu, Shuijin New Phytologist, Vol. 225, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16266	journal	November 2019
Carbon exchange responses of a mesic grassland to an extreme gradient of precipitation Felton, Andrew J.; Knapp, Alan K.; Smith, Melinda D. Oecologia, Vol. 189, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4284-2	journal	November 2018
Deciphering the stability of grassland productivity in response to rainfall manipulation experiments Matos, Ilaíne Silveira; Menor, Imma Oliveras; Rifai, Sami Walid Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13039	journal	December 2019
Differential responses of ecosystem carbon flux components to experimental precipitation gradient in an alpine meadow Zhang, Fangyue; Quan, Quan; Ma, Fangfang Functional Ecology, Vol. 33, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13300	journal	February 2019
Large‐scale and local climatic controls on large herbivore productivity: implications for adaptive rangeland management Raynor, Edward J.; Derner, Justin D.; Hoover, David L. Ecological Applications, Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2053	journal	January 2020
Large‐Scale and Local Climatic Controls on Large Herbivore Productivity: Implications for Adaptive Rangeland Management Raynor, Edward J.; Derner, Justin D.; Hoover, David L. The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, Vol. 101, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.1665	journal	April 2020
Drought, Heat, and the Carbon Cycle: a Review Sippel, Sebastian; Reichstein, Markus; Ma, Xuanlong ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000284618	text	January 2018
Temperature‐mediated responses of carbon fluxes to precipitation variabilities in an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau Chen, Ning; Zhang, Yangjian; Zhu, Juntao Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 9, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5439	journal	July 2019
The genomic landscape of molecular responses to natural drought stress in Panicum hallii Lovell, John T.; Jenkins, Jerry; Lowry, David B. Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07669-x	journal	December 2018
Net primary productivity and its partitioning in response to precipitation gradient in an alpine meadow Zhang, Fangyue; Quan, Quan; Song, Bing Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15580-6	journal	November 2017
Ecosystem functional response across precipitation extremes in a sagebrush steppe Tredennick, Andrew T.; Kleinhesselink, Andrew R.; Taylor, J. Bret https://doi.org/10.1101/195594	posted_content	January 2018
Reduced tree growth in the semiarid United States due to asymmetric responses to intensifying precipitation extremes Dannenberg, Matthew P.; Wise, Erika K.; Smith, William K. Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw0667	journal	October 2019
Protected areas’ effectiveness under climate change: a latitudinal distribution projection of an endangered mountain ungulate along the Andes Range Riquelme, Carlos; Estay, Sergio A.; López, Rodrigo PeerJ, Vol. 6 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5222	journal	July 2018

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Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
aboveground net primary productivity
belowground net primary productivity
biomass allocation
climate change
grasslands
meta-analysis
root biomass