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Title: Irradiation of materials with short, intense ion pulses at NDCX-II

Abstract

Abstract We present an overview of the performance of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment-II (NDCX-II) accelerator at Berkeley Lab, and report on recent target experiments on beam-driven melting and transmission ion energy loss measurements with nanosecond and millimeter-scale ion beam pulses and thin tin foils. Bunches with around 1011ions, 1 mm radius, and 2–30 ns full width at half maximum duration have been created with corresponding fluences in the range of 0.1–0.7 J/cm2. To achieve these short pulse durations and mm-scale focal spot radii, the 1.1 MeV [megaelectronvolt (106eV)] He+ion beam is neutralized in a drift compression section, which removes the space charge defocusing effect during final compression and focusing. The beam space charge and drift compression techniques resemble necessary beam conditions and manipulations in heavy ion inertial fusion accelerators. Quantitative comparison of detailed particle-in-cell simulations with the experiment plays an important role in optimizing accelerator performance.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [1];  [4];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  3. Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
  4. TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt (Germany)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
Contributing Org.:
Work supported by the US DOE under contracts DE-AC0205CH11231 (LBNL), DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL), and DE-AC02-09CH11466 (PPPL). F. Treffert and M. Zimmer thank Professor Markus Roth for stimulating discussions.
OSTI Identifier:
1393897
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1436629; OSTI ID: 1513148
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-738688
Journal ID: ISSN 0263-0346; PII: S0263034617000295; TRN: US1800099
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; AC52-07NA27344; AC02-09CH11466
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Laser and Particle Beams
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 35; Journal Issue: 02; Journal ID: ISSN 0263-0346
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; Fusion energy; Induction accelerator; Materials; Radiation damage; Space; charge

Citation Formats

Seidl, P. A., Barnard, J. J., Feinberg, E., Friedman, A., Gilson, E. P., Grote, D. P., Ji, Q., Kaganovich, I. D., Ludewigt, B., Persaud, A., Sierra, C., Silverman, M., Stepanov, A. D., Sulyman, A., Treffert, F., Waldron, W. L., Zimmer, M., and Schenkel, T. Irradiation of materials with short, intense ion pulses at NDCX-II. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1017/s0263034617000295.
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Seidl, P. A., Barnard, J. J., Feinberg, E., Friedman, A., Gilson, E. P., Grote, D. P., Ji, Q., Kaganovich, I. D., Ludewigt, B., Persaud, A., Sierra, C., Silverman, M., Stepanov, A. D., Sulyman, A., Treffert, F., Waldron, W. L., Zimmer, M., & Schenkel, T. Irradiation of materials with short, intense ion pulses at NDCX-II. United States. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000295
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Seidl, P. A., Barnard, J. J., Feinberg, E., Friedman, A., Gilson, E. P., Grote, D. P., Ji, Q., Kaganovich, I. D., Ludewigt, B., Persaud, A., Sierra, C., Silverman, M., Stepanov, A. D., Sulyman, A., Treffert, F., Waldron, W. L., Zimmer, M., and Schenkel, T. Wed . "Irradiation of materials with short, intense ion pulses at NDCX-II". United States. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000295. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1393897.
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@article{osti_1393897,
title = {Irradiation of materials with short, intense ion pulses at NDCX-II},
author = {Seidl, P. A. and Barnard, J. J. and Feinberg, E. and Friedman, A. and Gilson, E. P. and Grote, D. P. and Ji, Q. and Kaganovich, I. D. and Ludewigt, B. and Persaud, A. and Sierra, C. and Silverman, M. and Stepanov, A. D. and Sulyman, A. and Treffert, F. and Waldron, W. L. and Zimmer, M. and Schenkel, T.},
abstractNote = {Abstract We present an overview of the performance of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment-II (NDCX-II) accelerator at Berkeley Lab, and report on recent target experiments on beam-driven melting and transmission ion energy loss measurements with nanosecond and millimeter-scale ion beam pulses and thin tin foils. Bunches with around 1011ions, 1 mm radius, and 2–30 ns full width at half maximum duration have been created with corresponding fluences in the range of 0.1–0.7 J/cm2. To achieve these short pulse durations and mm-scale focal spot radii, the 1.1 MeV [megaelectronvolt (106eV)] He+ion beam is neutralized in a drift compression section, which removes the space charge defocusing effect during final compression and focusing. The beam space charge and drift compression techniques resemble necessary beam conditions and manipulations in heavy ion inertial fusion accelerators. Quantitative comparison of detailed particle-in-cell simulations with the experiment plays an important role in optimizing accelerator performance.},
doi = {10.1017/s0263034617000295},
journal = {Laser and Particle Beams},
number = 02,
volume = 35,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000295
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Warp PIC simulations are initialized with measured acceleration gap waveforms as shown in the example above, for z=1003 mm downstream of the ion source, at the middle of the second compression cell acceleration gap.
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Works referenced in this record:

Short-pulse, compressed ion beams at the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment
journal, May 2016

Moderate energy ions for high energy density physics experiments
journal, December 2004

Development and testing of a pulsed helium ion source for probing materials and warm dense matter studies
journal, February 2016

  • Ji, Q.; Seidl, P. A.; Waldron, W. L.
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Efficient Annealing of Radiation Damage Near Grain Boundaries via Interstitial Emission
journal, March 2010

Fast Faraday cup to measure neutralized drift compression in intense ion charge bunches
journal, May 2006

  • Sefkow, A.; Davidson, R.; Efthimion, P.
  • Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 9, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.9.052801

Accelerators for Inertial Fusion Energy Production
journal, January 2013

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  • Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology, Vol. 06
  • DOI: 10.1142/S1793626813300053

Defocusing of an ion beam propagating in background plasma due to two-stream instability
journal, April 2015

  • Tokluoglu, Erinc; Kaganovich, Igor D.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4917245

Plasma source development for the NDCX-I and NDCX-II neutralized drift compression experiments
journal, June 2012

Pulsed proton beam annealing: Semiconductors and silicides
journal, December 1981

  • Baglin, J. E. E.; Hodgson, R. T.; Chu, W. K.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Vol. 191, Issue 1-3
  • DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)91000-4

Beam dynamics of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment-II, a novel pulse-compressing ion accelerator
journal, May 2010

  • Friedman, A.; Barnard, J. J.; Cohen, R. H.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3292634

Accessing Defect Dynamics using Intense, Nanosecond Pulsed Ion Beams
journal, January 2015

Local formation of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond by swift heavy ions
journal, December 2014

  • Schwartz, J.; Aloni, S.; Ogletree, D. F.
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Enhanced collective focusing of intense neutralized ion beam pulses in the presence of weak solenoidal magnetic fields
journal, May 2012

  • Dorf, Mikhail A.; Davidson, Ronald C.; Kaganovich, Igor D.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4722999

The NDCX-II engineering design
journal, January 2014

  • Waldron, W. L.; Abraham, W. J.; Arbelaez, D.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 733
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Reaching the quantum limit of sensitivity in electron spin resonance
journal, December 2015

Short intense ion pulses for materials and warm dense matter research
journal, November 2015

  • Seidl, Peter A.; Persaud, Arun; Waldron, William L.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 800
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2015.08.013

NDCX-II target experiments and simulations
journal, January 2014

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  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2013.05.096

Towards pump–probe experiments of defect dynamics with short ion beam pulses
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Overview of theory and modeling in the heavy ion fusion virtual national laboratory
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Radiation defect dynamics in Si at room temperature studied by pulsed ion beams
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Towards pump-probe experiments of defect dynamics with short ion beam pulses
text, January 2012

Accessing defect dynamics using intense, nanosecond pulsed ion beams
preprint, January 2014

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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Optimizing beam transport in rapidly compressing beams on the neutralized drift compression experiment – II
    journal, March 2018

    • Stepanov, Anton D.; Barnard, John J.; Friedman, Alex
    • Matter and Radiation at Extremes, Vol. 3, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.1016/j.mre.2018.01.001

    Design and implementation of a Thomson parabola for fluence dependent energy-loss measurements at the Neutralized Drift Compression eXperiment
    journal, October 2018

    • Treffert, F.; Ji, Q.; Seidl, P. A.
    • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5030541

    Absolute Calibration of GafChromic Film for Very High Flux Laser Driven Ion Beams
    text, January 2019

    Acceleration of High Charge Ion Beams with Achromatic Divergence by Petawatt Laser Pulses
    text, January 2020

    Acceleration of high charge ion beams with achromatic divergence by petawatt laser pulses
    journal, February 2020

    Absolute calibration of GafChromic film for very high flux laser driven ion beams
    journal, May 2019

    • Bin, J. H.; Ji, Q.; Seidl, P. A.
    • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5086822

    Optimizing Beam Transport in Rapidly Compressing Beams on the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment - II
    preprint, January 2017

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      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      Figure 1 (p. 6)figure
      Figure 2 (p. 7)figure
      Figure 3 (p. 8)figure
      Figure 4 (p. 9)figure
      Figure 5 (p. 12)figure
      Figure 6 (p. 12)figure
      Figure 7 (p. 13)figure
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