Plasma Treated Active Carbon for Capacitive Deionization of Saline Water

Zeng, Aiping; Shrestha, Maheshwar; Wang, Keliang; Neto, Victor F.; Gabriel, Bárbara; Fan, Qi Hua

doi:10.1155/2017/1934724

Title: Plasma Treated Active Carbon for Capacitive Deionization of Saline Water

Journal Article · 01 January 2017 · Journal of Nanomaterials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1934724 · OSTI ID:1393874

^[1];

^[2]; Wang, Keliang ^[2]; Neto, Victor F. ^[3]; Gabriel, Bárbara ^[3];

^[2]

Univ. of Aveiro (Portugal). Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering; Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
Univ. of Aveiro (Portugal). Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering

The plasma treatment on commercial active carbon (AC) was carried out in a capacitively coupled plasma system using Ar + 10% O₂at pressure of 4.0 Torr. The RF plasma power ranged from 50 W to 100 W and the processing time was 10 min. The carbon film electrode was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition. Micro-Raman spectroscopy revealed the highly increased disorder of sp²C lattice for the AC treated at 75 W. An electrosorption capacity of 6.15 mg/g was recorded for the carbon treated at 75 W in a 0.1 mM NaCl solution when 1.5 V was applied for 5 hours, while the capacity of the untreated AC was 1.0 mg/g. The plasma treatment led to 5.09 times increase in the absorption capacity. The jump of electrosorption capacity by plasma treatment was consistent with the Raman spectra and electrochemical double layer capacitance. This work demonstrated that plasma treatment was a potentially efficient approach to activating biochar to serve as electrode material for capacitive deionization (CDI).

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Research Organization:: South Dakota State Univ., Brookings, SD (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FG36-08GO88073

OSTI ID:: 1393874

Journal Information:: Journal of Nanomaterials, Vol. 2017; ISSN 1687-4110

Publisher:: HindawiCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 7 works

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References (55)

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Performance comparison and energy consumption analysis of capacitive deionization and membrane capacitive deionization processes Zhao, Yajing; Wang, Yue; Wang, Ruguo Desalination, Vol. 324 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2013.06.009	journal	September 2013
Polyaniline-modified activated carbon electrodes for capacitive deionisation Yan, Caijuan; Zou, Linda; Short, Rob Desalination, Vol. 333, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2013.11.032	journal	January 2014
Capacitive deionization as an electrochemical means of saving energy and delivering clean water. Comparison to present desalination practices: Will it compete? Anderson, Marc A.; Cudero, Ana L.; Palma, Jesus Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 55, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.012	journal	April 2010
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Activated carbon nanofiber webs made by electrospinning for capacitive deionization Wang, Gang; Pan, Chao; Wang, Liuping Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 69 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2012.02.066	journal	May 2012
Using oxygen plasma treatment to improve the performance of electrodes for capacitive water deionization Hojati-Talemi, Pejman; Zou, Linda; Fabretto, Manrico Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 106 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.05.119	journal	September 2013
Highly ordered macroporous woody biochar with ultra-high carbon content as supercapacitor electrodes Jiang, Junhua; Zhang, Lei; Wang, Xinying Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.09.121	journal	December 2013
Enhanced desalination efficiency in modified membrane capacitive deionization by introducing ion-exchange polymers in carbon nanotubes electrodes Liu, Yong; Pan, Likun; Xu, Xingtao Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 130 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.03.086	journal	June 2014
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Highly mesoporous activated carbon electrode for capacitive deionization Wang, Gang; Qian, Bingqing; Dong, Qiang Separation and Purification Technology, Vol. 103 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2012.10.041	journal	January 2013
Capacitive Deionization of NaCl Solutions with Modified Activated Carbon Electrodes ^† Villar, Isabel; Roldan, Silvia; Ruiz, Vanesa Energy & Fuels, Vol. 24, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/ef901453q	journal	June 2010
Electrosorption of Inorganic Salts from Aqueous Solution Using Carbon Aerogels Gabelich, Christopher J.; Tran, Tri D.; Suffet, I. H. “Mel” Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 36, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/es0112745	journal	July 2002
Capacitive Deionization of NaCl Solutions at Non-Steady-State Conditions: Inversion Functionality of the Carbon Electrodes Bouhadana, Yaniv; Avraham, Eran; Noked, Malachi The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp2047486	journal	August 2011
Green synthesis of carbon nanotube–graphene hybrid aerogels and their use as versatile agents for water purification Sui, Zhuyin; Meng, Qinghan; Zhang, Xuetong Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2jm00055e	journal	January 2012
Hierarchical activated carbon nanofiber webs with tuned structure fabricated by electrospinning for capacitive deionization Wang, Gang; Dong, Qiang; Ling, Zheng Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2jm34890j	journal	January 2012
Raman Spectrum of Graphite Tuinstra, F.; Koenig, J. L. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 53, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674108	journal	August 1970
Raman spectroscopy of graphite Reich, Stephanie; Thomsen, Christian Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 362, Issue 1824 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2004.1454	journal	September 2004
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