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Title: Planck intermediate results: XXXIV. The magnetic field structure in the Rosette Nebula

Abstract

Planck has mapped the polarized dust emission over the whole sky, making it possible to trace the Galactic magnetic field structure that pervades the interstellar medium (ISM). In this paper, we combine polarization data from Planck with rotation measure (RM) observations towards a massive star-forming region, the Rosette Nebula in the Monoceros molecular cloud, to study its magnetic field structure and the impact of an expanding H ii region on the morphology of the field. We derive an analytical solution for the magnetic field, assumed to evolve from an initially uniform configuration following the expansion of ionized gas and the formation of a shell of swept-up ISM. From the RM data we estimate a mean value of the line-of-sight component of the magnetic field of about 3 μG (towards the observer) in the Rosette Nebula, for a uniform electron density of about 12 cm -3. The dust shell that surrounds the Rosette H ii region is clearly observed in the Planck intensity map at 353 GHz, with a polarization signal significantly different from that of the local background when considered asa whole. The Planck observations constrain the plane-of-the-sky orientation of the magnetic field in the Rosette’s parent molecular cloud tomore » be mostly aligned with the large-scale field along the Galactic plane. The Planck data are compared with the analytical model, which predicts the mean polarization properties of a spherical and uniform dust shell for a given orientation of the field. This comparison leads to an upper limit of about 45° on the angle between the line of sight and the magnetic field in the Rosette complex, for an assumed intrinsic dust polarization fraction of 4%. This field direction can reproduce the RM values detected in the ionized region if the magnetic field strength in the Monoceros molecular cloud is in the range 6.5–9 μG. Finally, the present analytical model is able to reproduce the RM distribution across the ionized nebula, as well as the mean dust polarization properties of the swept-up shell, and can be directly applied to other similar objects.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Contributing Org.:
Planck Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1393020
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 586; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-6361
Publisher:
EDP Sciences
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; ISM; magnetic fields; polarization; radiation mechanisms; radio continuum; submillimeter

Citation Formats

Aghanim, N., Alves, M. I. R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H. C., Christensen, P. R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D. L., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jewell, J., Juvela, M., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden-Vørnle, M., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G. W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. -L., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J. D., Spencer, L. D., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Sygnet, J. -F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Wiesemeyer, H., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A. Planck intermediate results: XXXIV. The magnetic field structure in the Rosette Nebula. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525616.
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Aghanim, N., Alves, M. I. R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H. C., Christensen, P. R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D. L., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jewell, J., Juvela, M., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden-Vørnle, M., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G. W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. -L., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J. D., Spencer, L. D., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Sygnet, J. -F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Wiesemeyer, H., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., & Zonca, A. Planck intermediate results: XXXIV. The magnetic field structure in the Rosette Nebula. United States. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525616.
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Aghanim, N., Alves, M. I. R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H. C., Christensen, P. R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D. L., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jewell, J., Juvela, M., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden-Vørnle, M., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G. W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. -L., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J. D., Spencer, L. D., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Sygnet, J. -F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Wiesemeyer, H., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A. Tue . "Planck intermediate results: XXXIV. The magnetic field structure in the Rosette Nebula". United States. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525616. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1393020.
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@article{osti_1393020,
title = {Planck intermediate results: XXXIV. The magnetic field structure in the Rosette Nebula},
author = {Aghanim, N. and Alves, M. I. R. and Arnaud, M. and Arzoumanian, D. and Aumont, J. and Baccigalupi, C. and Banday, A. J. and Barreiro, R. B. and Bartolo, N. and Battaner, E. and Benabed, K. and Benoit-Lévy, A. and Bernard, J. -P. and Bersanelli, M. and Bielewicz, P. and Bonaldi, A. and Bonavera, L. and Bond, J. R. and Borrill, J. and Bouchet, F. R. and Boulanger, F. and Bracco, A. and Burigana, C. and Calabrese, E. and Cardoso, J. -F. and Catalano, A. and Chamballu, A. and Chiang, H. C. and Christensen, P. R. and Colombi, S. and Colombo, L. P. L. and Combet, C. and Couchot, F. and Crill, B. P. and Curto, A. and Cuttaia, F. and Danese, L. and Davies, R. D. and Davis, R. J. and de Bernardis, P. and de Rosa, A. and de Zotti, G. and Delabrouille, J. and Dickinson, C. and Diego, J. M. and Dole, H. and Donzelli, S. and Doré, O. and Douspis, M. and Ducout, A. and Dupac, X. and Efstathiou, G. and Elsner, F. and Enßlin, T. A. and Eriksen, H. K. and Falgarone, E. and Ferrière, K. and Finelli, F. and Forni, O. and Frailis, M. and Fraisse, A. A. and Franceschi, E. and Frejsel, A. and Galeotta, S. and Galli, S. and Ganga, K. and Ghosh, T. and Giard, M. and Gjerløw, E. and González-Nuevo, J. and Górski, K. M. and Gregorio, A. and Gruppuso, A. and Guillet, V. and Hansen, F. K. and Hanson, D. and Harrison, D. L. and Henrot-Versillé, S. and Herranz, D. and Hildebrandt, S. R. and Hivon, E. and Hobson, M. and Holmes, W. A. and Hornstrup, A. and Hovest, W. and Huffenberger, K. M. and Hurier, G. and Jaffe, A. H. and Jaffe, T. R. and Jewell, J. and Juvela, M. and Keskitalo, R. and Kisner, T. S. and Knoche, J. and Kunz, M. and Kurki-Suonio, H. and Lagache, G. and Lamarre, J. -M. and Lasenby, A. and Lattanzi, M. and Lawrence, C. R. and Leonardi, R. and Levrier, F. and Liguori, M. and Lilje, P. B. and Linden-Vørnle, M. and López-Caniego, M. and Lubin, P. M. and Macías-Pérez, J. F. and Maffei, B. and Maino, D. and Mandolesi, N. and Mangilli, A. and Maris, M. and Martin, P. G. and Martínez-González, E. and Masi, S. and Matarrese, S. and Melchiorri, A. and Mendes, L. and Mennella, A. and Migliaccio, M. and Miville-Deschênes, M. -A. and Moneti, A. and Montier, L. and Morgante, G. and Mortlock, D. and Moss, A. and Munshi, D. and Murphy, J. A. and Naselsky, P. and Nati, F. and Natoli, P. and Netterfield, C. B. and Noviello, F. and Novikov, D. and Novikov, I. and Oppermann, N. and Pagano, L. and Pajot, F. and Paladini, R. and Paoletti, D. and Pasian, F. and Patanchon, G. and Perdereau, O. and Pettorino, V. and Piacentini, F. and Piat, M. and Pietrobon, D. and Plaszczynski, S. and Pointecouteau, E. and Polenta, G. and Ponthieu, N. and Pratt, G. W. and Prézeau, G. and Prunet, S. and Puget, J. -L. and Rebolo, R. and Reinecke, M. and Remazeilles, M. and Renault, C. and Renzi, A. and Ristorcelli, I. and Rocha, G. and Rosset, C. and Rossetti, M. and Roudier, G. and Rubiño-Martín, J. A. and Rusholme, B. and Sandri, M. and Santos, D. and Savelainen, M. and Savini, G. and Scott, D. and Soler, J. D. and Spencer, L. D. and Stolyarov, V. and Sutton, D. and Suur-Uski, A. -S. and Sygnet, J. -F. and Tauber, J. A. and Terenzi, L. and Toffolatti, L. and Tomasi, M. and Tristram, M. and Tucci, M. and Tuovinen, J. and Valenziano, L. and Valiviita, J. and Van Tent, B. and Vielva, P. and Villa, F. and Wade, L. A. and Wandelt, B. D. and Wehus, I. K. and Wiesemeyer, H. and Yvon, D. and Zacchei, A. and Zonca, A.},
abstractNote = {Planck has mapped the polarized dust emission over the whole sky, making it possible to trace the Galactic magnetic field structure that pervades the interstellar medium (ISM). In this paper, we combine polarization data from Planck with rotation measure (RM) observations towards a massive star-forming region, the Rosette Nebula in the Monoceros molecular cloud, to study its magnetic field structure and the impact of an expanding H ii region on the morphology of the field. We derive an analytical solution for the magnetic field, assumed to evolve from an initially uniform configuration following the expansion of ionized gas and the formation of a shell of swept-up ISM. From the RM data we estimate a mean value of the line-of-sight component of the magnetic field of about 3 μG (towards the observer) in the Rosette Nebula, for a uniform electron density of about 12 cm-3. The dust shell that surrounds the Rosette H ii region is clearly observed in the Planck intensity map at 353 GHz, with a polarization signal significantly different from that of the local background when considered asa whole. The Planck observations constrain the plane-of-the-sky orientation of the magnetic field in the Rosette’s parent molecular cloud to be mostly aligned with the large-scale field along the Galactic plane. The Planck data are compared with the analytical model, which predicts the mean polarization properties of a spherical and uniform dust shell for a given orientation of the field. This comparison leads to an upper limit of about 45° on the angle between the line of sight and the magnetic field in the Rosette complex, for an assumed intrinsic dust polarization fraction of 4%. This field direction can reproduce the RM values detected in the ionized region if the magnetic field strength in the Monoceros molecular cloud is in the range 6.5–9 μG. Finally, the present analytical model is able to reproduce the RM distribution across the ionized nebula, as well as the mean dust polarization properties of the swept-up shell, and can be directly applied to other similar objects.},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201525616},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
number = ,
volume = 586,
place = {United States},
year = {2016},
month = {2}
}
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Magnetic Fields in Spiral Arms.
journal, July 1953

  • Chandrasekhar, S.; Fermi, E.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 118
  • DOI: 10.1086/145731

Improved estimates of galactic H II region emission measures and filling factors - Low-frequency VLA observations near Sharpless 53
journal, March 1989

  • Kassim, Namir E.; Weiler, Kurt W.; Erickson, William C.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 338
  • DOI: 10.1086/167189

OPTICAL/NEAR-INFRARED POLARIZATION SURVEY OF Sh 2-29: MAGNETIC FIELDS, DENSE CLOUD FRAGMENTATIONS, AND ANOMALOUS DUST GRAIN SIZES
journal, February 2014

  • Santos, Fábio P.; Franco, Gabriel A. P.; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 783, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/783/1/1

The Diffuse Nebula in Monoceros
journal, February 1949

  • Minkowski, R.
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 61
  • DOI: 10.1086/126157

A Study of the Rosette Nebula NGC 2237-46.
journal, March 1962

  • Menon, T. K.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 135
  • DOI: 10.1086/147279

Understanding radio polarimetry. III. Interpreting the IAU/IEEE definitions of the Stokes parameters
journal, May 1996

  • Hamaker, J. P.; Bregman, J. D.
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, Vol. 117, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1051/aas:1996147

Spitzer /IRAC‐MIPS Survey of NGC 2244: Protostellar Disk Survival in the Vicinity of Hot Stars
journal, May 2007

  • Balog, Zoltan; Muzerolle, James; Rieke, G. H.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 660, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/513311

The HIPASS survey of the Galactic plane in radio recombination lines
journal, April 2015

  • Alves, Marta I. R.; Calabretta, Mark; Davies, Rodney D.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 450, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv751

H ii Region Driven Galactic Bubbles and Their Relationship to the Galactic Magnetic Field
journal, November 2012

Magnetohydrodynamic Evolution of H ii Regions in Molecular Clouds: Simulation Methodology, Tests, and Uniform Media
journal, December 2007

  • Krumholz, Mark R.; Stone, James M.; Gardiner, Thomas A.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 671, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/522665

Planck early results. IV. First assessment of the High Frequency Instrument in-flight performance
journal, December 2011

Membership of the Rosette Nebula cluster, NGC 2244
journal, November 1982

  • Marschall, L. A.; van Altena, W. F.; Chiu, L. -T. G.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 87
  • DOI: 10.1086/113240

An investigation of a peculiar nebula in monoceros
journal, May 1968

The Electron Temperature Gradient in the Galactic Disk
journal, December 2006

  • Quireza, Cintia; Rood, Robert T.; Bania, T. M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 653, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/508803

[ITAL]UBVI[/ITAL] and Hα Photometry of the Young Open Cluster NGC 2244
journal, February 2002

  • Park, Byeong-Gon; Sung, Hwankyung
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 123, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/338643

Probing the Rosette Nebula Stellar Bubble with Faraday Rotation
journal, February 2013

  • Savage, Allison H.; Spangler, Steven R.; Fischer, Patrick D.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 765, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/765/1/42

Magnetic Fields in Molecular Clouds
journal, September 2012

A derivation of the free-free emission on the Galactic plane between ℓ= 20° and 44°: The free-free emission on the Galactic plane
journal, April 2012

  • Alves, Marta I. R.; Davies, Rodney D.; Dickinson, Clive
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 422, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20796.x

Systematic bias in interstellar magnetic field estimates
journal, November 2003

On the Explosion of a Supernova Into the Interstellar Magnetic Field. I.
journal, August 1965

  • Bernstein, Ira B.; Kulsrud, Russell M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 142
  • DOI: 10.1086/148313

The Herschel view of star formation in the Rosette molecular cloud under the influence of NGC 2244
journal, July 2010

The magnetic field strength in the H II region S232
journal, January 1980

  • Heiles, C.; Chu, Y. -H.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 235
  • DOI: 10.1086/183168

The Australia Telescope National Facility Pulsar Catalogue
journal, April 2005

  • Manchester, R. N.; Hobbs, G. B.; Teoh, A.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 129, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1086/428488

Planck 2013 results. VI. High Frequency Instrument data processing
journal, October 2014

Planck intermediate results : XXXIII. Signature of the magnetic field geometry of interstellar filaments in dust polarization maps
journal, February 2016

Evidence for Extended High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from the Rosette/Monoceros Region
journal, August 1997

  • Jaffe, T. R.; Bhattacharya, D.; Dixon, D. D.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 484, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/310797

Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emission
journal, October 2014

A novel estimator of the polarization amplitude from normally distributed Stokes parameters
journal, February 2014

  • Plaszczynski, S.; Montier, L.; Levrier, F.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 439, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu270

The Milky Way in Molecular Clouds: A New Complete CO Survey
journal, February 2001

  • Dame, T. M.; Hartmann, Dap; Thaddeus, P.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 547, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/318388

Observations of the infrared fine-structure lines of S III at 18.71 and 33.47 microns in four H II regions
journal, November 1982

  • Herter, T.; Briotta, D. A. , Jr.; Gull, G. E.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 262
  • DOI: 10.1086/160407

A Young Stellar Cluster Within the Rcw41 h ii Region: deep nir Photometry and Optical/Nir Polarimetry
journal, May 2012

  • Santos, Fábio P.; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre; Franco, Gabriel A. P.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 751, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/138

Observations of gas motions in and near the central cavity of the Rosette nebula.
journal, May 1973

  • Smith, M. G.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 182
  • DOI: 10.1086/152122

The Progression of star Formation in the Rosette Molecular Cloud
journal, May 2013

  • Ybarra, Jason E.; Lada, Elizabeth A.; Román-Zúñiga, Carlos G.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 769, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/769/2/140

Planck pre-launch status: The HFI instrument, from specification to actual performance
journal, September 2010

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