Failure of local thermal equilibrium in quantum friction
Abstract
Recent progress in manipulating atomic and condensed matter systems has instigated a surge of interest in nonequilibrium physics, including many-body dynamics of trapped ultracold atoms and ions, near-field radiative heat transfer, and quantum friction. Under most circumstances the complexity of such nonequilibrium systems requires a number of approximations to make theoretical descriptions tractable. In particular, it is often assumed that spatially separated components of a system thermalize with their immediate surroundings, although the global state of the system is out of equilibrium. This powerful assumption reduces the complexity of nonequilibrium systems to the local application of well-founded equilibrium concepts. While this technique appears to be consistent for the description of some phenomena, we show that it fails for quantum friction by underestimating by approximately 80% the magnitude of the drag force. Here, our results show that the correlations among the components of driven, but steady-state, quantum systems invalidate the assumption of local thermal equilibrium, calling for a critical reexamination of this approach for describing the physics of nonequilibrium systems.
- Authors:
-
[5]
- Max-Born Inst., Berlin (Germany)
- Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States). Dept. of Applied Physics
- Univ. of Postdam, Potsdam (Germany). Inst. of Physics and Astronomy
- Max-Born Inst., Berlin (Germany); Humboldt Univ. of Berlin (Germany). Institut fur Physik, AG Theoretische Optik & Photonik
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; German Research Foundation (DFG); European Union (EU); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1392802
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-16-22415
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396; PCIG14-GA-2013-631571; SCHM 1049/7-1
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 117; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; Material Science
Citation Formats
Intravaia, Francesco, Behunin, Ryan, Henkel, Carsten, Busch, Kurt, and Dalvit, Diego Alejandro Roberto. Failure of local thermal equilibrium in quantum friction. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.100402.
Intravaia, Francesco, Behunin, Ryan, Henkel, Carsten, Busch, Kurt, & Dalvit, Diego Alejandro Roberto. Failure of local thermal equilibrium in quantum friction. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.100402
Intravaia, Francesco, Behunin, Ryan, Henkel, Carsten, Busch, Kurt, and Dalvit, Diego Alejandro Roberto. Thu .
"Failure of local thermal equilibrium in quantum friction". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.100402. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1392802.
@article{osti_1392802,
title = {Failure of local thermal equilibrium in quantum friction},
author = {Intravaia, Francesco and Behunin, Ryan and Henkel, Carsten and Busch, Kurt and Dalvit, Diego Alejandro Roberto},
abstractNote = {Recent progress in manipulating atomic and condensed matter systems has instigated a surge of interest in nonequilibrium physics, including many-body dynamics of trapped ultracold atoms and ions, near-field radiative heat transfer, and quantum friction. Under most circumstances the complexity of such nonequilibrium systems requires a number of approximations to make theoretical descriptions tractable. In particular, it is often assumed that spatially separated components of a system thermalize with their immediate surroundings, although the global state of the system is out of equilibrium. This powerful assumption reduces the complexity of nonequilibrium systems to the local application of well-founded equilibrium concepts. While this technique appears to be consistent for the description of some phenomena, we show that it fails for quantum friction by underestimating by approximately 80% the magnitude of the drag force. Here, our results show that the correlations among the components of driven, but steady-state, quantum systems invalidate the assumption of local thermal equilibrium, calling for a critical reexamination of this approach for describing the physics of nonequilibrium systems.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.100402},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 10,
volume = 117,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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