Cloud-resolving model intercomparison of an MC3E squall line case: Part I-Convective updrafts: CRM Intercomparison of a Squall Line
Abstract
An intercomparison study of a midlatitude mesoscale squall line is performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model at 1 km horizontal grid spacing with eight different cloud microphysics schemes to investigate processes that contribute to the large variability in simulated cloud and precipitation properties. All simulations tend to produce a wider area of high radar reflectivity (Ze > 45 dBZ) than observed but a much narrower stratiform area. Furthermore, the magnitude of the virtual potential temperature drop associated with the gust front passage is similar in simulations and observations, while the pressure rise and peak wind speed are smaller than observed, possibly suggesting that simulated cold pools are shallower than observed. Most of the microphysics schemes overestimate vertical velocity and Ze in convective updrafts as compared with observational retrievals. Simulated precipitation rates and updraft velocities have significant variability across the eight schemes, even in this strongly dynamically driven system. Differences in simulated updraft velocity correlate well with differences in simulated buoyancy and low-level vertical perturbation pressure gradient, which appears related to cold pool intensity that is controlled by the evaporation rate. Simulations with stronger updrafts have a more optimal convective state, with stronger cold pools, ambient low-level verticalmore »
- Authors:
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- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Nanjing Univ. (China). School of Atmospheric Sciences
- Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
- McGill Univ., Montreal, QC (Canada). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
- McGill Univ., Montreal, QC (Canada). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences
- Nanjing Univ. (China). School of Atmospheric Sciences
- Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States). Dept. of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Environmental and Climate Science Dept.
- Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel). Inst. of the Earth Science
- Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Norman, OK (United States). National Severe Storms Lab.
- Environment and Climate Change, Dorval, QC (Canada). Meteorological Research Division
- Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1392247
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1378786
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-114272-2017-JA
Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X; R&D Project: 2016-BNL-EE630EECA-Budg; KP1701000
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704; AC05-76RI01830; AC02-05CH1123; AC06-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 122; Journal Issue: 17; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Fan, Jiwen, Han, Bin, Varble, Adam, Morrison, Hugh, North, Kirk, Kollias, Pavlos, Chen, Baojun, Dong, Xiquan, Giangrande, Scott E., Khain, Alexander, Lin, Yun, Mansell, Edward, Milbrandt, Jason A., Stenz, Ronald, Thompson, Gregory, and Wang, Yuan. Cloud-resolving model intercomparison of an MC3E squall line case: Part I-Convective updrafts: CRM Intercomparison of a Squall Line. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1002/2017JD026622.
Fan, Jiwen, Han, Bin, Varble, Adam, Morrison, Hugh, North, Kirk, Kollias, Pavlos, Chen, Baojun, Dong, Xiquan, Giangrande, Scott E., Khain, Alexander, Lin, Yun, Mansell, Edward, Milbrandt, Jason A., Stenz, Ronald, Thompson, Gregory, & Wang, Yuan. Cloud-resolving model intercomparison of an MC3E squall line case: Part I-Convective updrafts: CRM Intercomparison of a Squall Line. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026622
Fan, Jiwen, Han, Bin, Varble, Adam, Morrison, Hugh, North, Kirk, Kollias, Pavlos, Chen, Baojun, Dong, Xiquan, Giangrande, Scott E., Khain, Alexander, Lin, Yun, Mansell, Edward, Milbrandt, Jason A., Stenz, Ronald, Thompson, Gregory, and Wang, Yuan. Wed .
"Cloud-resolving model intercomparison of an MC3E squall line case: Part I-Convective updrafts: CRM Intercomparison of a Squall Line". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026622. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1392247.
@article{osti_1392247,
title = {Cloud-resolving model intercomparison of an MC3E squall line case: Part I-Convective updrafts: CRM Intercomparison of a Squall Line},
author = {Fan, Jiwen and Han, Bin and Varble, Adam and Morrison, Hugh and North, Kirk and Kollias, Pavlos and Chen, Baojun and Dong, Xiquan and Giangrande, Scott E. and Khain, Alexander and Lin, Yun and Mansell, Edward and Milbrandt, Jason A. and Stenz, Ronald and Thompson, Gregory and Wang, Yuan},
abstractNote = {An intercomparison study of a midlatitude mesoscale squall line is performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model at 1 km horizontal grid spacing with eight different cloud microphysics schemes to investigate processes that contribute to the large variability in simulated cloud and precipitation properties. All simulations tend to produce a wider area of high radar reflectivity (Ze > 45 dBZ) than observed but a much narrower stratiform area. Furthermore, the magnitude of the virtual potential temperature drop associated with the gust front passage is similar in simulations and observations, while the pressure rise and peak wind speed are smaller than observed, possibly suggesting that simulated cold pools are shallower than observed. Most of the microphysics schemes overestimate vertical velocity and Ze in convective updrafts as compared with observational retrievals. Simulated precipitation rates and updraft velocities have significant variability across the eight schemes, even in this strongly dynamically driven system. Differences in simulated updraft velocity correlate well with differences in simulated buoyancy and low-level vertical perturbation pressure gradient, which appears related to cold pool intensity that is controlled by the evaporation rate. Simulations with stronger updrafts have a more optimal convective state, with stronger cold pools, ambient low-level vertical wind shear, and rear-inflow jets. We found that updraft velocity variability between schemes is mainly controlled by differences in simulated ice-related processes, which impact the overall latent heating rate, whereas surface rainfall variability increases in no-ice simulations mainly because of scheme differences in collision-coalescence parameterizations.},
doi = {10.1002/2017JD026622},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
number = 17,
volume = 122,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {9}
}
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