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Title: Roll-to-Roll Printed Large-Area All-Polymer Solar Cells with 5% Efficiency Based on a Low Crystallinity Conjugated Polymer Blend

Abstract

The challenge of continuous printing in high-efficiency large-area organic solar cells is a key limiting factor for their widespread adoption. We present a materials design concept for achieving large-area, solution-coated all-polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells with stable phase separation morphology between the donor and acceptor. The key concept lies in inhibiting strong crystallization of donor and acceptor polymers, thus forming intermixed, low crystallinity, and mostly amorphous blends. Based on experiments using donors and acceptors with different degree of crystallinity, the results show that microphase separated donor and acceptor domain sizes are inversely proportional to the crystallinity of the conjugated polymers. This particular methodology of using low crystallinity donors and acceptors has the added benefit of forming a consistent and robust morphology that is insensitive to different processing conditions, allowing one to easily scale up the printing process from a small-scale solution shearing coater to a large-scale continuous roll-to-roll (R2R) printer. Large-area all-polymer solar cells are continuously roll-to-roll slot die printed with power conversion efficiencies of 5%, with combined cell area up to 10 cm2. This is among the highest efficiencies realized with R2R-coated active layer organic materials on flexible substrate.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [2];  [5];  [2];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [3];  [6];  [2]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
  2. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
  3. Peking Univ., Beijing (China). College of Chemistry
  4. Hong Kong Univ. of Science and Technology (China). Dept. of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
  5. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource; Hong Kong Univ. of Science and Technology (China). Dept. of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
  6. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
  7. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source
  8. Dresden Univ. of Technology (Germany). Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden
  9. Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1390316
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1401524; OSTI ID: 1425423
Grant/Contract Number:  
FOA-0000654-1588; N00014-14-1-0142; 6932623; SC0016523; AC02-76SF00515; AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Advanced Energy Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 14; Journal ID: ISSN 1614-6832
Publisher:
Wiley
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; all-polymer solar cells; in situ X-ray scattering; organic solar cells; roll-to-roll processing; X-ray diffraction

Citation Formats

Gu, Xiaodan, Zhou, Yan, Gu, Kevin, Kurosawa, Tadanori, Guo, Yikun, Li, Yunke, Lin, Haoran, Schroeder, Bob C., Yan, Hongping, Molina-Lopez, Francisco, Tassone, Christopher J., Wang, Cheng, Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B., Yan, He, Zhao, Dahui, Toney, Michael F., and Bao, Zhenan. Roll-to-Roll Printed Large-Area All-Polymer Solar Cells with 5% Efficiency Based on a Low Crystallinity Conjugated Polymer Blend. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1002/aenm.201602742.
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Gu, Xiaodan, Zhou, Yan, Gu, Kevin, Kurosawa, Tadanori, Guo, Yikun, Li, Yunke, Lin, Haoran, Schroeder, Bob C., Yan, Hongping, Molina-Lopez, Francisco, Tassone, Christopher J., Wang, Cheng, Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B., Yan, He, Zhao, Dahui, Toney, Michael F., & Bao, Zhenan. Roll-to-Roll Printed Large-Area All-Polymer Solar Cells with 5% Efficiency Based on a Low Crystallinity Conjugated Polymer Blend. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201602742
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Gu, Xiaodan, Zhou, Yan, Gu, Kevin, Kurosawa, Tadanori, Guo, Yikun, Li, Yunke, Lin, Haoran, Schroeder, Bob C., Yan, Hongping, Molina-Lopez, Francisco, Tassone, Christopher J., Wang, Cheng, Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B., Yan, He, Zhao, Dahui, Toney, Michael F., and Bao, Zhenan. Tue . "Roll-to-Roll Printed Large-Area All-Polymer Solar Cells with 5% Efficiency Based on a Low Crystallinity Conjugated Polymer Blend". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201602742. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1390316.
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@article{osti_1390316,
title = {Roll-to-Roll Printed Large-Area All-Polymer Solar Cells with 5% Efficiency Based on a Low Crystallinity Conjugated Polymer Blend},
author = {Gu, Xiaodan and Zhou, Yan and Gu, Kevin and Kurosawa, Tadanori and Guo, Yikun and Li, Yunke and Lin, Haoran and Schroeder, Bob C. and Yan, Hongping and Molina-Lopez, Francisco and Tassone, Christopher J. and Wang, Cheng and Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B. and Yan, He and Zhao, Dahui and Toney, Michael F. and Bao, Zhenan},
abstractNote = {The challenge of continuous printing in high-efficiency large-area organic solar cells is a key limiting factor for their widespread adoption. We present a materials design concept for achieving large-area, solution-coated all-polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells with stable phase separation morphology between the donor and acceptor. The key concept lies in inhibiting strong crystallization of donor and acceptor polymers, thus forming intermixed, low crystallinity, and mostly amorphous blends. Based on experiments using donors and acceptors with different degree of crystallinity, the results show that microphase separated donor and acceptor domain sizes are inversely proportional to the crystallinity of the conjugated polymers. This particular methodology of using low crystallinity donors and acceptors has the added benefit of forming a consistent and robust morphology that is insensitive to different processing conditions, allowing one to easily scale up the printing process from a small-scale solution shearing coater to a large-scale continuous roll-to-roll (R2R) printer. Large-area all-polymer solar cells are continuously roll-to-roll slot die printed with power conversion efficiencies of 5%, with combined cell area up to 10 cm2. This is among the highest efficiencies realized with R2R-coated active layer organic materials on flexible substrate.},
doi = {10.1002/aenm.201602742},
journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
number = 14,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201602742
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    • Kim, Aesun; Park, Chang Geun; Park, Su Hong
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 21
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8ta01765d

    Blade-Cast Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells in Air with Excellent Morphology, Efficiency, and Stability
    journal, April 2018

    Revealing the Impact of F4-TCNQ as Additive on Morphology and Performance of High-Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
    journal, November 2018

    • Xiong, Yuan; Ye, Long; Gadisa, Abay
    • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201806262

    Building intermixed donor–acceptor architectures for water-processable organic photovoltaics
    journal, January 2019

    • Marks, Melissa; Holmes, Natalie P.; Sharma, Anirudh
    • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 10
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07137c

    Polymer solar cell textiles with interlaced cathode and anode fibers
    journal, January 2018

    • Liu, Peng; Gao, Zhen; Xu, Limin
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 41
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8ta06510a

    Tuning the Molecular Weight of the Electron Accepting Polymer in All-Polymer Solar Cells: Impact on Morphology and Charge Generation
    journal, March 2018

    • Deshmukh, Kedar D.; Matsidik, Rukiya; Prasad, Shyamal K. K.
    • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 18
    • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201707185

    Scalable fabrication of organic solar cells based on non-fullerene acceptors
    journal, January 2020

    • Gertsen, Anders S.; Castro, Marcial Fernández; Søndergaard, Roar R.
    • Flexible and Printed Electronics, Vol. 5, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1088/2058-8585/ab5f57

    Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells Fabricated by Inkjet Printing: Progress and Prospects
    journal, September 2017

    • Peng, Xiaojin; Yuan, Jian; Shen, Shirley
    • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 41
    • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201703704

    Synthesis of Alkyl-Substituted Quinoxaline-Based Copolymers Along with Photophysical Property Modulation for Polymer Solar Cells
    journal, July 2018

    • Kang, Yeongkwon; Agneeswari, Rajalingam; Lee, Jihoon
    • Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 219, Issue 15
    • DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800117

    In Situ Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on Film Morphology Evolution in Spin-Cast Small-Molecule and Polymer Photovoltaic Materials
    journal, May 2018

    • Manley, Eric F.; Strzalka, Joseph; Fauvell, Thomas J.
    • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 23
    • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201800611

    A General Approach for Lab‐to‐Manufacturing Translation on Flexible Organic Solar Cells
    journal, August 2019

    • Meng, Xiangchuan; Zhang, Lin; Xie, Yuanpeng
    • Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 41
    • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903649

    High Performance Roll‐to‐Roll Produced Fullerene‐Free Organic Photovoltaic Devices via Temperature‐Controlled Slot Die Coating
    journal, December 2018

    • Na, Seok‐In; Seo, You‐Hyun; Nah, Yoon‐Chae
    • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 6
    • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201805825

    All-Printed Solid-State Microsupercapacitors Derived from Self-Template Synthesis of Ag@PPy Nanocomposites
    journal, October 2017

    • Liu, Li; Lu, Qiang; Yang, Shuanglei
    • Advanced Materials Technologies, Vol. 3, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1002/admt.201700206

    High-Performance Thick-Film All-Polymer Solar Cells Created Via Ternary Blending of a Novel Wide-Bandgap Electron-Donating Copolymer
    journal, February 2018

    • Fan, Baobing; Zhu, Peng; Xin, Jingming
    • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 14
    • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201703085

    Influence of the aryl spacer in 2,5-dialkoxyphenylene and diaryl substituted thieno[3,4- c ]pyrrole-4,6-dione copolymers
    journal, January 2018

    • Pankow, Robert M.; Munteanu, John D.; Thompson, Barry C.
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 22
    • DOI: 10.1039/c8tc00823j

    Slot‐Die and Roll‐to‐Roll Processed Single Junction Organic Photovoltaic Cells with the Highest Efficiency
    journal, August 2019

    • Lee, Jeongjoo; Seo, You‐Hyun; Kwon, Sung‐Nam
    • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 36
    • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201901805

    In Situ Structure Characterization in Slot‐Die‐Printed All‐Polymer Solar Cells with Efficiency Over 9%
    journal, May 2019

    In Situ Structure Characterization in Slot‐Die‐Printed All‐Polymer Solar Cells with Efficiency Over 9%
    journal, May 2019

    10 cm 2 nonfullerene solar cells with efficiency over 10% using H x MoO 3 -assisted growth of silver electrodes with a low threshold thickness of 4 nm
    journal, January 2020

    • Jiang, Xueshi; Sun, Lulu; Wang, Wen
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1039/c9ta11939f

    A review of non-fullerene polymer solar cells: from device physics to morphology control
    journal, February 2019

    • Gurney, Robert S.; Lidzey, David G.; Wang, Tao
    • Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab0530

    Revealing the Impact of F4-TCNQ as Additive on Morphology and Performance of High-Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
    text, January 2019

    • J. J., Rech,; W., You,; Q., Zhang,
    • The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
    • DOI: 10.17615/tghg-rb29

    Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance of Amorphous Donor-Acceptor Copolymers Based on Fluorine-Substituted Benzodioxocyclohexene-Annelated Thiophene
    journal, January 2018

    • Ie, Yutaka; Morikawa, Koki; Zajaczkowski, Wojciech
    • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 13
    • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201702506

    Energy autonomous electronic skin
    journal, January 2019

    • García Núñez, Carlos; Manjakkal, Libu; Dahiya, Ravinder
    • npj Flexible Electronics, Vol. 3, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1038/s41528-018-0045-x

    The meniscus-guided deposition of semiconducting polymers
    journal, February 2018

    Three-dimensional monolithic integration in flexible printed organic transistors
    journal, January 2019

    Surpassing the 10% efficiency milestone for 1-cm2 all-polymer solar cells
    journal, September 2019

    Recent Development in ITO-free Flexible Polymer Solar Cells
    journal, December 2017

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