Exposing strangeness: Projections for kaon electromagnetic form factors

Gao, Fei; Chang, Lei; Liu, Yu -Xin; Roberts, Craig D.; Tandy, Peter C.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.96.034024

Title: Exposing strangeness: Projections for kaon electromagnetic form factors

Abstract

A continuum approach to the kaon and pion bound-state problems is used to reveal their electromagnetic structure. For both systems, when used with parton distribution amplitudes appropriate to the scale of the experiment, Standard Model hard-scattering formulas are accurate to within 25% at momentum transfers Q² ≈ 8 GeV². There are measurable differences between the distribution of strange and normal matter within the kaons, e.g. the ratio of their separate contributions reaches a peak value of 1.5 at Q² ≈ 6 GeV². Its subsequent Q² evolution is accurately described by the hard scattering formulas. Projections for the ratio of kaon and pion form factors at timelike momenta beyond the resonance region are also presented. In conclusion, these results and projections should prove useful in planning next-generation experiments.

Authors:

Gao, Fei ^[1]; Chang, Lei ^[2]; Liu, Yu -Xin ^[1]; Roberts, Craig D. ^[3]; Tandy, Peter C. ^[4]

Peking Univ., Beijing (China); Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing (China)
Nankai Univ., Tianjin (China)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Kent State Univ., Kent, OH (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Aug 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Key Basic Research Program of China; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1389615

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1377102

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review D

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 96; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Gao, Fei, Chang, Lei, Liu, Yu -Xin, Roberts, Craig D., and Tandy, Peter C. Exposing strangeness: Projections for kaon electromagnetic form factors.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.96.034024.

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                    Gao, Fei, Chang, Lei, Liu, Yu -Xin, Roberts, Craig D., & Tandy, Peter C. Exposing strangeness: Projections for kaon electromagnetic form factors.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.034024

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                    Gao, Fei, Chang, Lei, Liu, Yu -Xin, Roberts, Craig D., and Tandy, Peter C. Mon .  
"Exposing strangeness: Projections for kaon electromagnetic form factors".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.034024.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1389615.

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@article{osti_1389615,

  title        = {Exposing strangeness: Projections for kaon electromagnetic form factors},

  author       = {Gao, Fei and Chang, Lei and Liu, Yu -Xin and Roberts, Craig D. and Tandy, Peter C.},

  abstractNote = {A continuum approach to the kaon and pion bound-state problems is used to reveal their electromagnetic structure. For both systems, when used with parton distribution amplitudes appropriate to the scale of the experiment, Standard Model hard-scattering formulas are accurate to within 25% at momentum transfers Q2 ≈ 8 GeV2. There are measurable differences between the distribution of strange and normal matter within the kaons, e.g. the ratio of their separate contributions reaches a peak value of 1.5 at Q2 ≈ 6 GeV2. Its subsequent Q2 evolution is accurately described by the hard scattering formulas. Projections for the ratio of kaon and pion form factors at timelike momenta beyond the resonance region are also presented. In conclusion, these results and projections should prove useful in planning next-generation experiments.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.96.034024},

  journal      = {Physical Review D},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 96,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Aug 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Mon Aug 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1911.05199

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Flavour symmetry breaking in the kaon parton distribution amplitude

Journal Article Shi, Chao ; Chang, Lei ; Roberts, Craig D. ; ... - Physics Letters B

We compute the kaon's valence-quark (twist-two parton) distribution amplitude (PDA) by projecting its Poincaré-covariant Bethe–Salpeter wave-function onto the light-front. At a scale ζ = 2 GeV, the PDA is a broad, concave and asymmetric function, whose peak is shifted 12–16% away from its position in QCD's conformal limit. These features are a clear expression of SU(3)-flavour-symmetry breaking. They show that the heavier quark in the kaon carries more of the bound-state's momentum than the lighter quark and also that emergent phenomena in QCD modulate the magnitude of flavour-symmetry breaking: it is markedly smaller than one might expect based on themore »« less
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.07.057
Separated kaon electroproduction cross section and the kaon form factor from 6 GeV JLab data

Journal Article Carmignotto, M. ; Ali, S. ; Aniol, K. ; ... - Physical Review. C

The ¹H(e,e^'K⁺)Λ reaction was studied as a function of the Mandelstam variable -t using data from the E01-004 (FPI-2) and E93-018 experiments that were carried out in Hall C at the 6 GeV Jefferson Laboratory. The cross section was fully separated into longitudinal and transverse components, and two interference terms at four-momentum transfers Q² of 1.00, 1.36, and 2.07 GeV². The kaon form factor was extracted from the longitudinal cross section using the Regge model by Vanderhaeghen et al. [Phys. Rev. C 57, 1454 (1998)]. Here, the results establish the method, previously used successfully for pion analyses, for extracting themore »« less
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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.025204

Full Text Available
Electromagnetic pion and kaon form factors in light-cone resummed perturbative QCD

Journal Article Raha, Udit ; Aste, Andreas - Physical Review. D, Particles Fields

We analyze the electromagnetic pion and kaon form factor by including radiative and higher-twist effects within the framework of resummed perturbative QCD in the spacelike region. We focus on the transition from the perturbative to nonperturbative behavior in the phenomenological intermediate-energy regime. Using a modified ''k{sub T}'' factorization scheme with transverse degrees of freedom, we evaluate the nonperturbative soft contributions as distinct from the hard contributions, ensuring no double counting via the Ward identity at Q{sup 2}=0. The soft contributions are obtained via local quark-hadron duality, while the hard contributions rest on the well-known collinear factorization theorem using model wavemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVD.79.034015
Precision Measurements of the Timelike Electromagnetic Form Factors of Pion, Kaon, and Proton

Journal Article Pedlar, T K ; Cronin-Hennessy, D ; Gao, K Y ; ... - Physical Review Letters

Using 20.7 pb{sup -1} of e{sup +}e{sup -} annihilation data taken at {radical}(s)=3.671 GeV with the CLEO-c detector, precision measurements of the electromagnetic form factors of the charged pion, charged kaon, and proton have been made for timelike momentum transfer of |Q{sup 2}|=13.48 GeV{sup 2} by the reaction e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}h{sup +}h{sup -}. The measurements are the first ever with identified pions and kaons of vertical bar Q{sup 2} vertical bar>4 GeV{sup 2}, with the results F{sub {pi}}(13.48 GeV{sup 2})=0.075{+-}0.008(stat){+-}0.005(syst) and F{sub K}(13.48 GeV{sup 2})=0.063{+-}0.004(stat){+-}0.001(syst). The result for the proton, assuming G{sub E}{sup p}=G{sub M}{sup p}, is G{sub M}{sup p}(13.48more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.261803
Flavour Symmetry Breaking in the Kaon Parton Distribution Amplitude

Journal Article Shi, Chao ; Chang, Lei ; Roberts, Craig D. ; ... - Physics Letters. B

We comore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.07.057

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Title: Exposing strangeness: Projections for kaon electromagnetic form factors

Abstract

Citation Formats

Dyson–Schwinger Equations: A Tool for Hadron Physics journal, June 2003

The pion: an enigma within the Standard Model journal, May 2016

Interaction model for the gap equation journal, October 2011

Analysis of full-QCD and quenched-QCD lattice propagators conference, January 2006

A measurement of the pion charge radius journal, October 1984

Anomalous magnetic moment of quarks journal, February 1999

Pion form factor from a contact interaction journal, June 2010

Abelian anomaly and neutral pion production journal, December 2010

Review of Particle Physics journal, October 2016

Anomalous quark chromomagnetic moment induced by instantons journal, April 1998

Hadronic Spectra and Light-Front Wave Functions in Holographic QCD journal, May 2006

π and ρ mesons, and their diquark partners, from a contact interaction journal, June 2011

T(r)opical Dyson-Schwinger Equations conference, January 2011

Scaling study of the pion electroproduction cross sections journal, November 2008

Determination of the Pion Charge Form Factor at Q 2 = 1.60 and 2.45 ( GeV / c ) 2 journal, November 2006

Distribution amplitudes of light-quark mesons from lattice QCD journal, April 2014

A measurement of the space-like pion electromagnetic form factor journal, January 1986

Imaging Dynamical Chiral-Symmetry Breaking: Pion Wave Function on the Light Front journal, March 2013

Hard constituent quarks and electroweak properties of pseudoscalar mesons journal, July 1994

Unquenched quark propagator in Landau gauge journal, March 2005

Exclusive processes in quantum chromodynamics: Evolution equations for hadronic wavefunctions and the form factors of mesons journal, November 1979

Determination of the pion charge form factor for Q 2 = 0.60–1.60 GeV 2 journal, May 2007

Anomalous magnetic moment of light quarks and dynamical symmetry breaking journal, March 1985

K S Regeneration on Electrons from 30 to 100 GeV/ c : A Measurement of the K 0 Charge Radius journal, October 1978

Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor at Spacelike Momenta journal, October 2013

Pion distribution amplitude from lattice QCD journal, May 2017

Form factors and QCD in spacelike and timelike regions journal, October 2000

Measurement of the Charged Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor journal, February 2001

π, K + , and K 0 electromagnetic form factors journal, October 2000

π - and K -meson Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes journal, December 1997

Measurement of the π − form factor journal, October 1981

Electromagnetic Structure of the Proton, Pion, and Kaon by High-Precision Form Factor Measurements at Large Timelike Momentum Transfers journal, January 2013

Analysis of a quenched lattice-QCD dressed-quark propagator journal, July 2003

Pion and kaon elastic form factors in a refined light-front model journal, September 2012

Exclusive processes in perturbative quantum chromodynamics journal, November 1980

Perspective on rainbow-ladder truncation journal, April 2008

Pseudovector components of the pion, π 0 → γ γ , and F π ( q 2 ) journal, December 1998

Partonic structure of neutral pseudoscalars via two photon transition form factors journal, April 2017

Lattice results for low moments of light meson distribution amplitudes journal, April 2011

Direct Measurement of the Negative-Kaon Form Factor journal, July 1980

Dressed-Quark Anomalous Magnetic Moments journal, February 2011

Structure of the neutral pion and its electromagnetic transition form factor journal, April 2016

Transition between nuclear and quark–gluon descriptions of hadrons and light nuclei journal, July 2012

Electromagnetic from factors of charged and neutral kaons journal, March 1996

Symmetry-preserving contact interaction model for heavy-light mesons conference, January 2016

Elastic-Scattering Measurement of the Negative-Pion Radius journal, February 1982

Second moment of the pion light-cone distribution amplitude from lattice QCD journal, July 2015

A measurement of the kaon charge radius journal, October 1986

Meson charge radii and quarks journal, September 1979

Investigation of rainbow-ladder truncation for excited and exotic mesons journal, March 2012

Practical corollaries of transverse Ward–Green–Takahashi identities journal, May 2013

Toward unifying the description of meson and baryon properties journal, January 2009

Kaon and pion parton distribution amplitudes to twist three journal, July 2015

Valence-quark distribution functions in the kaon and pion journal, April 2016

η c elastic and transition form factors: Contact interaction and algebraic model journal, May 2016

Factorization and asymptotic behaviour of pion form factor in QCD journal, July 1980

Charged pion form factor between Q 2 = 0 . 60 and 2.45 GeV 2 . I. Measurements of the cross section for the 1 H ( e , e ' π + ) n reaction journal, October 2008

Simple relativistic quark-model analysis of flavored pseudoscalar mesons journal, April 1990

Charged pion form factor between Q 2 = 0 . 60 and 2 . 45 GeV 2 . II. Determination of, and results for, the pion form factor journal, October 2008

Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and the fermion–gauge-boson vertex journal, April 2012

Features and flaws of a contact interaction treatment of the kaon journal, April 2013

Pion Distribution Amplitude from Lattice QCD journal, August 2013

K S Regeneration on Electrons from 30 TO 100 GeV/ c : A Measurement of the K 0 Charge Radius. journal, November 1978

Review of Particle Physics text, January 2008

K S Regeneration on Electrons from 30 TO 100 GeV/ c : A measurement of the K 0 Charge Radius. journal, December 1978

Review of Particle Physics text, January 2018

Pion distribution amplitude from lattice QCD text, January 2017

Review of Particle Physics text, January 2012

Perspective on rainbow-ladder truncation text, January 2008

Pion form factor from a contact interaction text, January 2010

Dressed-quark anomalous magnetic moments text, January 2010

Pion and kaon elastic form factors in a refined light-front model text, January 2012

Features and flaws of a contact interaction treatment of the kaon text, January 2012

Imaging dynamical chiral symmetry breaking: pion wave function on the light front text, January 2013

Practical corollaries of transverse Ward-Green-Takahashi identities text, January 2013

Distribution amplitudes of light-quark mesons from lattice QCD text, January 2013

Pion Distribution Amplitude from Lattice QCD text, January 2017

Dyson–Schwinger Equations: A Tool for Hadron Physics
journal, June 2003

The pion: an enigma within the Standard Model
journal, May 2016

Interaction model for the gap equation
journal, October 2011

Analysis of full-QCD and quenched-QCD lattice propagators
conference, January 2006

A measurement of the pion charge radius
journal, October 1984

Anomalous magnetic moment of quarks
journal, February 1999

Pion form factor from a contact interaction
journal, June 2010

Abelian anomaly and neutral pion production
journal, December 2010

Review of Particle Physics
journal, October 2016

Anomalous quark chromomagnetic moment induced by instantons
journal, April 1998

Hadronic Spectra and Light-Front Wave Functions in Holographic QCD
journal, May 2006

$π$ and $ρ$ mesons, and their diquark partners, from a contact interaction
journal, June 2011

T(r)opical Dyson-Schwinger Equations
conference, January 2011

Scaling study of the pion electroproduction cross sections
journal, November 2008

Determination of the Pion Charge Form Factor at $Q^{2} = 1.60$ and $2.45 (GeV / c)^{2}$
journal, November 2006

Distribution amplitudes of light-quark mesons from lattice QCD
journal, April 2014

A measurement of the space-like pion electromagnetic form factor
journal, January 1986

Imaging Dynamical Chiral-Symmetry Breaking: Pion Wave Function on the Light Front
journal, March 2013

Hard constituent quarks and electroweak properties of pseudoscalar mesons
journal, July 1994

Unquenched quark propagator in Landau gauge
journal, March 2005

Exclusive processes in quantum chromodynamics: Evolution equations for hadronic wavefunctions and the form factors of mesons
journal, November 1979

Determination of the pion charge form factor for $Q^{2} =$ 0.60–1.60 GeV $^{2}$
journal, May 2007

Anomalous magnetic moment of light quarks and dynamical symmetry breaking
journal, March 1985

$K_{S}$ Regeneration on Electrons from 30 to 100 GeV/ c : A Measurement of the $K^{0}$ Charge Radius
journal, October 1978

Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor at Spacelike Momenta
journal, October 2013

Pion distribution amplitude from lattice QCD
journal, May 2017

Form factors and QCD in spacelike and timelike regions
journal, October 2000

Measurement of the Charged Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor
journal, February 2001

π, $K^{+},$ and $K^{0}$ electromagnetic form factors
journal, October 2000

$π$ - and $K$ -meson Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes
journal, December 1997

Measurement of the $π^{-}$ form factor
journal, October 1981

Electromagnetic Structure of the Proton, Pion, and Kaon by High-Precision Form Factor Measurements at Large Timelike Momentum Transfers
journal, January 2013

Analysis of a quenched lattice-QCD dressed-quark propagator
journal, July 2003

Pion and kaon elastic form factors in a refined light-front model
journal, September 2012

Exclusive processes in perturbative quantum chromodynamics
journal, November 1980

Perspective on rainbow-ladder truncation
journal, April 2008

Pseudovector components of the pion, $π^{0} \to γ γ,$ and $F_{π} {(q}^{2})$
journal, December 1998

Partonic structure of neutral pseudoscalars via two photon transition form factors
journal, April 2017

Lattice results for low moments of light meson distribution amplitudes
journal, April 2011

Direct Measurement of the Negative-Kaon Form Factor
journal, July 1980

Dressed-Quark Anomalous Magnetic Moments
journal, February 2011

Structure of the neutral pion and its electromagnetic transition form factor
journal, April 2016

Transition between nuclear and quark–gluon descriptions of hadrons and light nuclei
journal, July 2012

Electromagnetic from factors of charged and neutral kaons
journal, March 1996

Symmetry-preserving contact interaction model for heavy-light mesons
conference, January 2016

Elastic-Scattering Measurement of the Negative-Pion Radius
journal, February 1982

Second moment of the pion light-cone distribution amplitude from lattice QCD
journal, July 2015

A measurement of the kaon charge radius
journal, October 1986

Meson charge radii and quarks
journal, September 1979

Investigation of rainbow-ladder truncation for excited and exotic mesons
journal, March 2012

Practical corollaries of transverse Ward–Green–Takahashi identities
journal, May 2013

Toward unifying the description of meson and baryon properties
journal, January 2009

Kaon and pion parton distribution amplitudes to twist three
journal, July 2015

Valence-quark distribution functions in the kaon and pion
journal, April 2016

$η_{c}$ elastic and transition form factors: Contact interaction and algebraic model
journal, May 2016

Factorization and asymptotic behaviour of pion form factor in QCD
journal, July 1980

Charged pion form factor between $Q^{2} = 0.60$ and 2.45 ${GeV}^{2}$ . I. Measurements of the cross section for the $^{1} H (e, e^{'} π^{+}) n$ reaction
journal, October 2008

Simple relativistic quark-model analysis of flavored pseudoscalar mesons
journal, April 1990

Charged pion form factor between $Q^{2} = 0.60$ and $2.45 GeV^{2}$ . II. Determination of, and results for, the pion form factor
journal, October 2008

Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and the fermion–gauge-boson vertex
journal, April 2012

Features and flaws of a contact interaction treatment of the kaon
journal, April 2013

Pion Distribution Amplitude from Lattice QCD
journal, August 2013

$K_{S}$ Regeneration on Electrons from 30 TO 100 GeV/ c : A Measurement of the $K^{0}$ Charge Radius.
journal, November 1978

Review of Particle Physics
text, January 2008

$K_{S}$ Regeneration on Electrons from 30 TO 100 GeV/ c : A measurement of the $K^{0}$ Charge Radius.
journal, December 1978

Review of Particle Physics
text, January 2018

Pion distribution amplitude from lattice QCD
text, January 2017

Review of Particle Physics
text, January 2012

Perspective on rainbow-ladder truncation
text, January 2008

Pion form factor from a contact interaction
text, January 2010

Dressed-quark anomalous magnetic moments
text, January 2010

Pion and kaon elastic form factors in a refined light-front model
text, January 2012

Features and flaws of a contact interaction treatment of the kaon
text, January 2012

Imaging dynamical chiral symmetry breaking: pion wave function on the light front
text, January 2013

Practical corollaries of transverse Ward-Green-Takahashi identities
text, January 2013

Distribution amplitudes of light-quark mesons from lattice QCD
text, January 2013

Pion Distribution Amplitude from Lattice QCD
text, January 2017

Form Factors and QCD in Spacelike and Timelike Region
text, January 2000

Measurement of the Charged Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor
text, January 2000

Analysis of full-QCD and quenched-QCD lattice propagators
text, January 2006