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Title: Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat

Abstract

Recent studies of bacterial speciation have claimed to support the biological species concept—that reduced recombination is required for bacterial populations to diverge into species. This conclusion has been reached from the discovery that ecologically distinct clades show lower rates of recombination than that which occurs among closest relatives. However, these previous studies did not attempt to determine whether the more-rapidly recombining close relatives within the clades studied may also have diversified ecologically, without benefit of sexual isolation. Here we have measured the impact of recombination on ecological diversification within and between two ecologically distinct clades (A and B’) of Synechococcus in a hot spring microbial mat in Yellowstone National Park, using a cultivation-free, multi-locus approach. Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were constructed from mat samples collected at 60°C and 65°C. Analysis of multiple linked loci near Synechococcus 16S rRNA genes showed little evidence of recombination between the A and B’ lineages, but a record of recombination was apparent within each lineage. Recombination and mutation rates within each lineage were of similar magnitude, but recombination had a somewhat greater impact on sequence diversity than mutation, as also seen in many other bacteria and archaea. Despite recombination within the A and B’more » lineages, there was evidence of ecological diversification within each lineage. The algorithm Ecotype Simulation identified sequence clusters consistent with ecologically distinct populations (ecotypes), and several hypothesized ecotypes were distinct in their habitat associations and in their adaptations to different microenvironments. We conclude that sexual isolation is more likely to follow ecological divergence than to precede it. Thus, an ecology-based model of speciation appears more appropriate than the biological species concept for bacterial and archaeal diversification.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [1]
  1. Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
  2. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
  3. Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  4. J. Craig Venter Inst., Rockville, MD (United States)
  5. Wesleyan Univ., Middletown, CT (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
OSTI Identifier:
1378563
Grant/Contract Number:  
EF-0328698; NAG5-8807; NX09AM87G; 112443; 911352
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Frontiers in Microbiology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research Foundation
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; population genetics; speciation; Synechococcus; cyanobacteria; multi-locus sequence typing; Ecotype Simulation; ecotype; recombination

Citation Formats

Melendrez, Melanie C., Becraft, Eric D., Wood, Jason M., Olsen, Millie T., Bryant, Donald A., Heidelberg, John F., Rusch, Douglas B., Cohan, Frederick M., and Ward, David M. Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540.
Melendrez, Melanie C., Becraft, Eric D., Wood, Jason M., Olsen, Millie T., Bryant, Donald A., Heidelberg, John F., Rusch, Douglas B., Cohan, Frederick M., & Ward, David M. Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540
Melendrez, Melanie C., Becraft, Eric D., Wood, Jason M., Olsen, Millie T., Bryant, Donald A., Heidelberg, John F., Rusch, Douglas B., Cohan, Frederick M., and Ward, David M. Thu . "Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1378563.
@article{osti_1378563,
title = {Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat},
author = {Melendrez, Melanie C. and Becraft, Eric D. and Wood, Jason M. and Olsen, Millie T. and Bryant, Donald A. and Heidelberg, John F. and Rusch, Douglas B. and Cohan, Frederick M. and Ward, David M.},
abstractNote = {Recent studies of bacterial speciation have claimed to support the biological species concept—that reduced recombination is required for bacterial populations to diverge into species. This conclusion has been reached from the discovery that ecologically distinct clades show lower rates of recombination than that which occurs among closest relatives. However, these previous studies did not attempt to determine whether the more-rapidly recombining close relatives within the clades studied may also have diversified ecologically, without benefit of sexual isolation. Here we have measured the impact of recombination on ecological diversification within and between two ecologically distinct clades (A and B’) of Synechococcus in a hot spring microbial mat in Yellowstone National Park, using a cultivation-free, multi-locus approach. Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were constructed from mat samples collected at 60°C and 65°C. Analysis of multiple linked loci near Synechococcus 16S rRNA genes showed little evidence of recombination between the A and B’ lineages, but a record of recombination was apparent within each lineage. Recombination and mutation rates within each lineage were of similar magnitude, but recombination had a somewhat greater impact on sequence diversity than mutation, as also seen in many other bacteria and archaea. Despite recombination within the A and B’ lineages, there was evidence of ecological diversification within each lineage. The algorithm Ecotype Simulation identified sequence clusters consistent with ecologically distinct populations (ecotypes), and several hypothesized ecotypes were distinct in their habitat associations and in their adaptations to different microenvironments. We conclude that sexual isolation is more likely to follow ecological divergence than to precede it. Thus, an ecology-based model of speciation appears more appropriate than the biological species concept for bacterial and archaeal diversification.},
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
number = ,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 14 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Thu Jan 14 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}

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Cited by: 13 works
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Figures / Tables:

FIGURE 1 FIGURE 1: Positional analysis relative to the Synechococcus strain A genome of jointly recruited syntenous (red line joins end sequences) and jointly recruited non-syntenous (blue) end sequences of 60°C BAC clones that are (A) recruited by this genome, and (B) contain an A-like Synechococcus 16S rRNA region, and (C) havemore » anti-normal long end-sequence mate pairs. In (C) percent nucleotide identity of recruited sequences with genomic homologs is also plotted and lines connect mate-pairs.« less

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