Variable range hopping electric and thermoelectric transport in anisotropic black phosphorus
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) is a layered semiconductor with a high mobility of up to ~1000 cm 2 V -1 s -1 and a narrow bandgap of ~0.3 eV, and shows potential applications in thermoelectrics. In stark contrast to most other layered materials, electrical and thermoelectric properties in the basal plane of BP are highly anisotropic. In order to elucidate the mechanism for such anisotropy, we fabricated BP nanoribbons (~100 nm thick) along the armchair and zigzag directions, and measured the transport properties. It is found that both the electrical conductivity and Seebeck co efficient increase with temperature, a behavior contradictory to that of traditional semiconductors. The three-dimensional variable range hopping model is adopted to analyze this abnormal temperature dependency of electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. Furthermore, the hopping transport of the BP nanoribbons, attributed to high density of trap states in the samples, provides a fundamental understanding of the anisotropic BP for potential thermoelectric applications.
- Authors:
-
[3];
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Science Division; Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Inst.
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States). School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Science Division; Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Inst.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1408470
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1378420
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Applied Physics Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 111; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-6951
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Liu, Huili, Sung Choe, Hwan, Chen, Yabin, Suh, Joonki, Ko, Changhyun, Tongay, Sefaattin, and Wu, Junqiao. Variable range hopping electric and thermoelectric transport in anisotropic black phosphorus. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4985333.
Liu, Huili, Sung Choe, Hwan, Chen, Yabin, Suh, Joonki, Ko, Changhyun, Tongay, Sefaattin, & Wu, Junqiao. Variable range hopping electric and thermoelectric transport in anisotropic black phosphorus. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4985333
Liu, Huili, Sung Choe, Hwan, Chen, Yabin, Suh, Joonki, Ko, Changhyun, Tongay, Sefaattin, and Wu, Junqiao. Tue .
"Variable range hopping electric and thermoelectric transport in anisotropic black phosphorus". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4985333. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1408470.
@article{osti_1408470,
title = {Variable range hopping electric and thermoelectric transport in anisotropic black phosphorus},
author = {Liu, Huili and Sung Choe, Hwan and Chen, Yabin and Suh, Joonki and Ko, Changhyun and Tongay, Sefaattin and Wu, Junqiao},
abstractNote = {Black phosphorus (BP) is a layered semiconductor with a high mobility of up to ~1000 cm 2 V -1 s -1 and a narrow bandgap of ~0.3 eV, and shows potential applications in thermoelectrics. In stark contrast to most other layered materials, electrical and thermoelectric properties in the basal plane of BP are highly anisotropic. In order to elucidate the mechanism for such anisotropy, we fabricated BP nanoribbons (~100 nm thick) along the armchair and zigzag directions, and measured the transport properties. It is found that both the electrical conductivity and Seebeck co efficient increase with temperature, a behavior contradictory to that of traditional semiconductors. The three-dimensional variable range hopping model is adopted to analyze this abnormal temperature dependency of electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. Furthermore, the hopping transport of the BP nanoribbons, attributed to high density of trap states in the samples, provides a fundamental understanding of the anisotropic BP for potential thermoelectric applications.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4985333},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = 10,
volume = 111,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Tue Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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