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Title: Thermodynamics of emergent magnetic charge screening in artificial spin ice

Abstract

Electric charge screening is a fundamental principle governing the behaviour in a variety of systems in nature. Through reconfiguration of the local environment, the Coulomb attraction between electric charges is decreased, leading, for example, to the creation of polaron states in solids or hydration shells around proteins in water. Here, we directly visualize the real-time creation and decay of screened magnetic charge configurations in a two-dimensional artificial spin ice system, the dipolar dice lattice. By comparing the temperature dependent occurrence of screened and unscreened emergent magnetic charge defects, we determine that screened magnetic charges are indeed a result of local energy reduction and appear as a transient minimum energy state before the system relaxes towards the predicted ground state. These results highlight the important role of emergent magnetic charges in artificial spin ice, giving rise to screened charge excitations and the emergence of exotic low-temperature configurations.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6]; ORCiD logo [7];  [8];  [3];  [9]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS); Aalto Univ., Otaniemi (Finland). School of Science
  2. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
  3. Aalto Univ., Otaniemi (Finland)
  4. Universita di Genova, Genova (Italy)
  5. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS); Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)., Daegu (Korea, Republic of)
  6. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States), Molecular Foundry
  7. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
  8. Adolfo Ibanez Univ., Santiago (Chile)
  9. Aalto Univ., Otaniemi (Finland). School of Science
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1377456
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; ferromagnetism; magnetic properties and materials; metamaterials

Citation Formats

Farhan, Alan, Scholl, Andreas, Petersen, Charlotte F., Anghinolfi, Luca, Wuth, Clemens, Dhuey, Scott, Chopdekar, Rajesh V., Mellado, Paula, Alava, Mikko J., and van Dijken, Sebastiaan. Thermodynamics of emergent magnetic charge screening in artificial spin ice. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms12635.
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Farhan, Alan, Scholl, Andreas, Petersen, Charlotte F., Anghinolfi, Luca, Wuth, Clemens, Dhuey, Scott, Chopdekar, Rajesh V., Mellado, Paula, Alava, Mikko J., & van Dijken, Sebastiaan. Thermodynamics of emergent magnetic charge screening in artificial spin ice. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12635
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Farhan, Alan, Scholl, Andreas, Petersen, Charlotte F., Anghinolfi, Luca, Wuth, Clemens, Dhuey, Scott, Chopdekar, Rajesh V., Mellado, Paula, Alava, Mikko J., and van Dijken, Sebastiaan. Thu . "Thermodynamics of emergent magnetic charge screening in artificial spin ice". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12635. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1377456.
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@article{osti_1377456,
title = {Thermodynamics of emergent magnetic charge screening in artificial spin ice},
author = {Farhan, Alan and Scholl, Andreas and Petersen, Charlotte F. and Anghinolfi, Luca and Wuth, Clemens and Dhuey, Scott and Chopdekar, Rajesh V. and Mellado, Paula and Alava, Mikko J. and van Dijken, Sebastiaan},
abstractNote = {Electric charge screening is a fundamental principle governing the behaviour in a variety of systems in nature. Through reconfiguration of the local environment, the Coulomb attraction between electric charges is decreased, leading, for example, to the creation of polaron states in solids or hydration shells around proteins in water. Here, we directly visualize the real-time creation and decay of screened magnetic charge configurations in a two-dimensional artificial spin ice system, the dipolar dice lattice. By comparing the temperature dependent occurrence of screened and unscreened emergent magnetic charge defects, we determine that screened magnetic charges are indeed a result of local energy reduction and appear as a transient minimum energy state before the system relaxes towards the predicted ground state. These results highlight the important role of emergent magnetic charges in artificial spin ice, giving rise to screened charge excitations and the emergence of exotic low-temperature configurations.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms12635},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12635
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Emergent dynamic chirality in a thermally driven artificial spin ratchet
    journal, October 2017

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    • Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 11
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    Classical topological order in the kinetics of artificial spin ice
    journal, April 2018

    Effect of FePd alloy composition on the dynamics of artificial spin ice
    journal, March 2018

    Advances in artificial spin ice
    journal, November 2019

    • Skjærvø, Sandra H.; Marrows, Christopher H.; Stamps, Robert L.
    • Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.1038/s42254-019-0118-3

    Thermally induced magnetic relaxation in square artificial spin ice
    journal, November 2016

    • Andersson, M. S.; Pappas, S. D.; Stopfel, H.
    • Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
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    Tuning magnetic ordering in a dipolar square-kite tessellation
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    • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 9
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5014041

    Intermediate phase and pseudo phase transition in an artificial spin ice model
    journal, July 2019

    Emergent magnetic monopole dynamics in macroscopically degenerate artificial spin ice
    journal, February 2019

    • Farhan, Alan; Saccone, Michael; Petersen, Charlotte F.
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    • DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav6380

    Cooperative magnetic phenomena in artificial spin systems: spin liquids, Coulomb phase and fragmentation of magnetism – a colloquium
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    Emergent magnetic monopole dynamics in macroscopically degenerate artificial spin ice
    text, January 2019

    Thermally induced magnetic relaxation in square artificial spin ice
    text, January 2016

    Nanoscale control of competing interactions and geometrical frustration in a dipolar trident lattice
    journal, October 2017

    Emergent magnetic monopole dynamics in macroscopically degenerate artificial spin ice
    text, January 2019

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