Atomic scale imaging of competing polar states in a Ruddlesden–Popper layered oxide
Abstract
Layered complex oxides offer an unusually rich materials platform for emergent phenomena through many built-in design knobs such as varied topologies, chemical ordering schemes and geometric tuning of the structure. A multitude of polar phases are predicted to compete in Ruddlesden-Popper (RP), A n+1 B n O 3n+1 , thin films by tuning layer dimension (n) and strain; however, direct atomic-scale evidence for such competing states is currently absent. Using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy with sub-Ångstrom resolution in Sr n+1 Ti n O 3n+1 thin films, we demonstrate the coexistence of antiferroelectric, ferroelectric and new ordered and low-symmetry phases. We also directly image the atomic rumpling of the rock salt layer, a critical feature in RP structures that is responsible for the competing phases; exceptional quantitative agreement between electron microscopy and density functional theory is demonstrated. The study shows that layered topologies can enable multifunctionality through highly competitive phases exhibiting diverse phenomena in a single structure.
- Authors:
-
[6];
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Material Sciences and Engineering
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Molecular Foundry
- Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Material Sciences and Engineering; Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
- Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
- Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1377432
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; DMR-1420620; DMR-1210588; DMR-1056441
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; ferroelectrics and multiferroics; transmission electron microscopy
Citation Formats
Stone, Greg, Ophus, Colin, Birol, Turan, Ciston, Jim, Lee, Che-Hui, Wang, Ke, Fennie, Craig J., Schlom, Darrell G., Alem, Nasim, and Gopalan, Venkatraman. Atomic scale imaging of competing polar states in a Ruddlesden–Popper layered oxide. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms12572.
Stone, Greg, Ophus, Colin, Birol, Turan, Ciston, Jim, Lee, Che-Hui, Wang, Ke, Fennie, Craig J., Schlom, Darrell G., Alem, Nasim, & Gopalan, Venkatraman. Atomic scale imaging of competing polar states in a Ruddlesden–Popper layered oxide. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12572
Stone, Greg, Ophus, Colin, Birol, Turan, Ciston, Jim, Lee, Che-Hui, Wang, Ke, Fennie, Craig J., Schlom, Darrell G., Alem, Nasim, and Gopalan, Venkatraman. Wed .
"Atomic scale imaging of competing polar states in a Ruddlesden–Popper layered oxide". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12572. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1377432.
@article{osti_1377432,
title = {Atomic scale imaging of competing polar states in a Ruddlesden–Popper layered oxide},
author = {Stone, Greg and Ophus, Colin and Birol, Turan and Ciston, Jim and Lee, Che-Hui and Wang, Ke and Fennie, Craig J. and Schlom, Darrell G. and Alem, Nasim and Gopalan, Venkatraman},
abstractNote = {Layered complex oxides offer an unusually rich materials platform for emergent phenomena through many built-in design knobs such as varied topologies, chemical ordering schemes and geometric tuning of the structure. A multitude of polar phases are predicted to compete in Ruddlesden-Popper (RP), A n+1 B n O 3n+1 , thin films by tuning layer dimension (n) and strain; however, direct atomic-scale evidence for such competing states is currently absent. Using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy with sub-Ångstrom resolution in Sr n+1 Ti n O 3n+1 thin films, we demonstrate the coexistence of antiferroelectric, ferroelectric and new ordered and low-symmetry phases. We also directly image the atomic rumpling of the rock salt layer, a critical feature in RP structures that is responsible for the competing phases; exceptional quantitative agreement between electron microscopy and density functional theory is demonstrated. The study shows that layered topologies can enable multifunctionality through highly competitive phases exhibiting diverse phenomena in a single structure.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms12572},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Wed Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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