Tundra is a consistent source of CO 2 at a site with progressive permafrost thaw during 6 years of chamber and eddy covariance measurements: Tundra CO 2 Fluxes
Abstract
Current and future warming of high-latitude ecosystems will play an important role in climate change through feedbacks to the global carbon cycle. This study compares 6 years of CO2 flux measurements in moist acidic tundra using autochambers and eddy covariance (Tower) approaches. Here, we found that the tundra was an annual source of CO2 to the atmosphere as indicated by net ecosystem exchange using both methods with a combined mean of 105 ± 17 g CO2 C m-2 y-1 across methods and years (Tower 87 ± 17 and Autochamber 123 ± 14). Furthermore, the difference between methods was largest early in the observation period, with Autochambers indicated a greater CO2 source to the atmosphere. This discrepancy diminished through time, and in the final year the Autochambers measured a greater sink strength than tower. Active layer thickness was a significant driver of net ecosystem carbon exchange, gross ecosystem primary productivity, and Reco and could account for differences between Autochamber and Tower. The stronger source initially attributed lower summer season gross primary production (GPP) during the first 3 years, coupled with lower ecosystem respiration (Reco) during the first year. The combined suppression of GPP and Reco in the first year of Autochambermore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[4];
[3];
[3];
[5];
[2];
- Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States); Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
- Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States)
- Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1376643
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 122; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-8953
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES
Citation Formats
Celis, Gerardo, Mauritz, Marguerite, Bracho, Rosvel, Salmon, Verity G., Webb, Elizabeth E., Hutchings, Jack, Natali, Susan M., Schädel, Christina, Crummer, Kathryn G., and Schuur, Edward A. G. Tundra is a consistent source of CO 2 at a site with progressive permafrost thaw during 6 years of chamber and eddy covariance measurements: Tundra CO 2 Fluxes. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1002/2016JG003671.
Celis, Gerardo, Mauritz, Marguerite, Bracho, Rosvel, Salmon, Verity G., Webb, Elizabeth E., Hutchings, Jack, Natali, Susan M., Schädel, Christina, Crummer, Kathryn G., & Schuur, Edward A. G. Tundra is a consistent source of CO 2 at a site with progressive permafrost thaw during 6 years of chamber and eddy covariance measurements: Tundra CO 2 Fluxes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003671
Celis, Gerardo, Mauritz, Marguerite, Bracho, Rosvel, Salmon, Verity G., Webb, Elizabeth E., Hutchings, Jack, Natali, Susan M., Schädel, Christina, Crummer, Kathryn G., and Schuur, Edward A. G. Wed .
"Tundra is a consistent source of CO 2 at a site with progressive permafrost thaw during 6 years of chamber and eddy covariance measurements: Tundra CO 2 Fluxes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003671. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1376643.
@article{osti_1376643,
title = {Tundra is a consistent source of CO 2 at a site with progressive permafrost thaw during 6 years of chamber and eddy covariance measurements: Tundra CO 2 Fluxes},
author = {Celis, Gerardo and Mauritz, Marguerite and Bracho, Rosvel and Salmon, Verity G. and Webb, Elizabeth E. and Hutchings, Jack and Natali, Susan M. and Schädel, Christina and Crummer, Kathryn G. and Schuur, Edward A. G.},
abstractNote = {Current and future warming of high-latitude ecosystems will play an important role in climate change through feedbacks to the global carbon cycle. This study compares 6 years of CO2 flux measurements in moist acidic tundra using autochambers and eddy covariance (Tower) approaches. Here, we found that the tundra was an annual source of CO2 to the atmosphere as indicated by net ecosystem exchange using both methods with a combined mean of 105 ± 17 g CO2 C m-2 y-1 across methods and years (Tower 87 ± 17 and Autochamber 123 ± 14). Furthermore, the difference between methods was largest early in the observation period, with Autochambers indicated a greater CO2 source to the atmosphere. This discrepancy diminished through time, and in the final year the Autochambers measured a greater sink strength than tower. Active layer thickness was a significant driver of net ecosystem carbon exchange, gross ecosystem primary productivity, and Reco and could account for differences between Autochamber and Tower. The stronger source initially attributed lower summer season gross primary production (GPP) during the first 3 years, coupled with lower ecosystem respiration (Reco) during the first year. The combined suppression of GPP and Reco in the first year of Autochamber measurements could be the result of the experimental setup. Root damage associated with Autochamber soil collar installation may have lowered the plant community's capacity to fix C, but recovered within 3 years. And while this ecosystem was a consistent CO2 sink during the summer, CO2 emissions during the nonsummer months offset summer CO2 uptake each year.},
doi = {10.1002/2016JG003671},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences},
number = 6,
volume = 122,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jun 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed Jun 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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Figures / Tables:
Table 1: Mean air temperatures, total annual precipitation (rainfall), cumulative photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), soil active layer thickness, water table depths, and snowmelt date at Eight Mile Lake, Healy Alaska, USA. Summer season data represents the period from May 1st to September 30th and non-summer season October 1st to Aprilmore »
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- Olsrud, Maria; Christensen, Torben R.
- Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 2
Alpine Grassland CO 2 Exchange and Nitrogen Cycling: Grazing History Effects, Medicine Bow Range, Wyoming, U.S.A
journal, February 2004
- Welker, Jeffrey M.; Fahnestock, Jace T.; Povirk, Kyra L.
- Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, Vol. 36, Issue 1
Circumpolar assessment of permafrost C quality and its vulnerability over time using long-term incubation data
journal, October 2013
- Schädel, Christina; Schuur, Edward A. G.; Bracho, Rosvel
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 20, Issue 2
Permafrost carbon-climate feedbacks accelerate global warming
journal, August 2011
- Koven, C. D.; Ringeval, B.; Friedlingstein, P.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 36
Seasonal root growth in the arctic tussock tundra
journal, January 1980
- Kummerow, Jochen; Russell, Michael
- Oecologia, Vol. 47, Issue 2
Evidence for warming and thawing of discontinuous permafrost in Alaska
journal, January 1999
- Osterkamp, T. E.; Romanovsky, V. E.
- Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Long-term experimental warming alters community composition of ascomycetes in Alaskan moist and dry arctic tundra
journal, January 2015
- Semenova, Tatiana A.; Morgado, Luis N.; Welker, Jeffrey M.
- Molecular Ecology, Vol. 24, Issue 2
Soil respiration: implications of the plant-soil continuum and respiration chamber collar-insertion depth on measurement and modelling of soil CO2 efflux rates in three ecosystems
journal, December 2010
- Heinemeyer, A.; Di Bene, C.; Lloyd, A. R.
- European Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 62, Issue 1
Net ecosystem exchange over heterogeneous Arctic tundra: Scaling between chamber and eddy covariance measurements: ARCTIC TUNDRA NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE
journal, June 2008
- Fox, Andrew M.; Huntley, Brian; Lloyd, Colin R.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 22, Issue 2
An assessment of the carbon balance of arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions
journal, January 2012
- McGuire, A. D.; Christensen, T. R.; Hayes, D.
- Biogeosciences Discussions, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Shrub expansion in tundra ecosystems: dynamics, impacts and research priorities
text, January 2011
- Myers-Smith, I. H.; Forbes, B. C.; Wilmking, M.
- Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing
CO 2 flux measurements in Russian Far East tundra using eddy covariance and closed chamber techniques
journal, December 2011
- Zamolodchikov, D. G.; Karelin, D. V.; Karelin, A. I.
- Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 55, Issue 4
Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4
text, January 2015
- Douglas, Bates,; Martin, Mächler,; Ben, Bolker,
- ETH Zurich
Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models using lme4
preprint, January 2014
- Bates, Douglas; Mächler, Martin; Bolker, Ben
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Evidence for non-steady-state carbon emissions from snow-scoured alpine tundra
journal, March 2019
- Knowles, John F.; Blanken, Peter D.; Lawrence, Corey R.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Figures / Tables found in this record:
Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.