QCD equation of state to O(μB6) from lattice QCD

Bazavov, A.; Ding, H. -T.; Hegde, P.; Kaczmarek, O.; Karsch, F.; Laermann, E.; Maezawa, Y.; Mukherjee, Swagato; Ohno, H.; Petreczky, P.; Sandmeyer, H.; Steinbrecher, P.; Schmidt, C.; Sharma, S.; Soeldner, W.; Wagner, M.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.95.054504

Title: QCD equation of state to $O (μ_{B}^{6})$ from lattice QCD

Abstract

In this work, we calculated the QCD equation of state using Taylor expansions that include contributions from up to sixth order in the baryon, strangeness and electric charge chemical potentials. Calculations have been performed with the Highly Improved Staggered Quark action in the temperature range T ϵ [135 MeV, 330 MeV] using up to four different sets of lattice cut-offs corresponding to lattices of size N$$3\atop{σ}$$ × N_τ with aspect ratio N_σ/N_τ = 4 and N_τ = 6-16. The strange quark mass is tuned to its physical value and we use two strange to light quark mass ratios m_s/m_l = 20 and 27, which in the continuum limit correspond to a pion mass of about 160 MeV and 140 MeV respectively. Sixth-order results for Taylor expansion coefficients are used to estimate truncation errors of the fourth-order expansion. We show that truncation errors are small for baryon chemical potentials less then twice the temperature (µ_B ≤ 2T ). The fourth-order equation of state thus is suitable for √the modeling of dense matter created in heavy ion collisions with center-of-mass energies down to √sNN ~ 12 GeV. We provide a parametrization of basic thermodynamic quantities that can be readily used in hydrodynamic simulation codes. The results on up to sixth order expansion coefficients of bulk thermodynamics are used for the calculation of lines of constant pressure, energy and entropy densities in the T -µ_B plane and are compared with the crossover line for the QCD chiral transition as well as with experimental results on freeze-out parameters in heavy ion collisions. These coefficients also provide estimates for the location of a possible critical point. Lastly, we argue that results on sixth order expansion coefficients disfavor the existence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram for µ_B/T ≤ 2 and T/T_c(µ_B = 0) > 0.9.

Authors:

Bazavov, A. ^[1]; Ding, H. -T. ^[2]; Hegde, P. ^[3]; Kaczmarek, O. ^[4]; Karsch, F. ^[5]; Laermann, E. ^[6]; Maezawa, Y. ^[7]; Mukherjee, Swagato ^[8]; Ohno, H. ^[9]; Petreczky, P. ^[8]; Sandmeyer, H. ^[6]; Steinbrecher, P. ^[10]; Schmidt, C. ^[6]; Sharma, S. ^[8]; Soeldner, W. ^[11]; Wagner, M. ^[12]

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering and Department of Physics and Astronomy
China Central Normal Univ., Wuhan (China). Key Laboratory of Quark & Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (India). Center for High Energy Physics
China Central Normal Univ., Wuhan (China). Key Laboratory of Quark & Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics; University of Bielefeld (Germany). Faculty of Physics
University of Bielefeld (Germany). Faculty of Physics; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Physics Department
University of Bielefeld (Germany). Faculty of Physics
Kyoto University (Japan). Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Physics Department
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Physics Department; University of Tsukuba (Japan). Center for Computational Sciences
University of Bielefeld (Germany). Faculty of Physics ; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Physics Department
University of Regensburg (Germany). Institute of Theoretical Physics
NVIDIA GmbH (Germany)

Publication Date:: Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)

OSTI Identifier:: 1376098

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1346090; OSTI ID: 1431282

Report Number(s):: BNL-113924-2017-JA; BNL-203400-2018-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; SC001270; 05P12PBCTA

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review. D.

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 95; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Bazavov, A., Ding, H. -T., Hegde, P., Kaczmarek, O., Karsch, F., Laermann, E., Maezawa, Y., Mukherjee, Swagato, Ohno, H., Petreczky, P., Sandmeyer, H., Steinbrecher, P., Schmidt, C., Sharma, S., Soeldner, W., and Wagner, M. QCD equation of state to O(μB6) from lattice QCD.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.95.054504.

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                    Bazavov, A., Ding, H. -T., Hegde, P., Kaczmarek, O., Karsch, F., Laermann, E., Maezawa, Y., Mukherjee, Swagato, Ohno, H., Petreczky, P., Sandmeyer, H., Steinbrecher, P., Schmidt, C., Sharma, S., Soeldner, W., & Wagner, M. QCD equation of state to O(μB6) from lattice QCD.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.054504

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                    Bazavov, A., Ding, H. -T., Hegde, P., Kaczmarek, O., Karsch, F., Laermann, E., Maezawa, Y., Mukherjee, Swagato, Ohno, H., Petreczky, P., Sandmeyer, H., Steinbrecher, P., Schmidt, C., Sharma, S., Soeldner, W., and Wagner, M. Tue .  
"QCD equation of state to O(μB6) from lattice QCD".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.054504.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1376098.

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@article{osti_1376098,

  title        = {QCD equation of state to O(μB6) from lattice QCD},

  author       = {Bazavov, A. and Ding, H. -T. and Hegde, P. and Kaczmarek, O. and Karsch, F. and Laermann, E. and Maezawa, Y. and Mukherjee, Swagato and Ohno, H. and Petreczky, P. and Sandmeyer, H. and Steinbrecher, P. and Schmidt, C. and Sharma, S. and Soeldner, W. and Wagner, M.},

  abstractNote = {In this work, we calculated the QCD equation of state using Taylor expansions that include contributions from up to sixth order in the baryon, strangeness and electric charge chemical potentials. Calculations have been performed with the Highly Improved Staggered Quark action in the temperature range T ϵ [135 MeV, 330 MeV] using up to four different sets of lattice cut-offs corresponding to lattices of size N$3\atop{σ}$ × Nτ with aspect ratio Nσ/Nτ = 4 and Nτ = 6-16. The strange quark mass is tuned to its physical value and we use two strange to light quark mass ratios ms/ml = 20 and 27, which in the continuum limit correspond to a pion mass of about 160 MeV and 140 MeV respectively. Sixth-order results for Taylor expansion coefficients are used to estimate truncation errors of the fourth-order expansion. We show that truncation errors are small for baryon chemical potentials less then twice the temperature (µB ≤ 2T ). The fourth-order equation of state thus is suitable for √the modeling of dense matter created in heavy ion collisions with center-of-mass energies down to √sNN ~ 12 GeV. We provide a parametrization of basic thermodynamic quantities that can be readily used in hydrodynamic simulation codes. The results on up to sixth order expansion coefficients of bulk thermodynamics are used for the calculation of lines of constant pressure, energy and entropy densities in the T -µB plane and are compared with the crossover line for the QCD chiral transition as well as with experimental results on freeze-out parameters in heavy ion collisions. These coefficients also provide estimates for the location of a possible critical point. Lastly, we argue that results on sixth order expansion coefficients disfavor the existence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram for µB/T ≤ 2 and T/Tc(µB = 0) > 0.9.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.95.054504},

  journal      = {Physical Review. D.},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 95,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Mesonic dynamics and the QCD phase transition
journal, November 2019

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DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.094029

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journal, March 2019

Li, Zhibin; Xu, Kun; Wang, Xinyang
The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 79, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6703-x

Fluctuations in cool quark matter and the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics
journal, April 2019

Pisarski, Robert D.; Skokov, Vladimir V.; Tsvelik, Alexei M.
Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.074025

NA61/SHINE Experiment—Program beyond 2020
journal, November 2018

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Particles, Vol. 1, Issue 1
DOI: 10.3390/particles1010024

Susceptibilities of strongly interacting matter in a finite volume
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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1809.05875

Functional renormalization group study of the Quark-Meson model with $ω$ meson
text, January 2017

Zhang, Hui; Hou, Defu; Kojo, Toru
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1709.05654

$η^{'}$ and $η$ mesons at high $T$ when the $U_{A} (1)$ and chiral symmetry breaking are tied
journal, January 2019

Horvatić, Davor; Kekez, Dalibor; Klabučar, Dubravko
Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.014007

Mesonic dynamics and QCD phase transition
text, January 2019

Yin, Shi; Wen, Rui; Fu, Wei-jie
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1907.10262

Baryon number probability distribution at finite temperature
journal, October 2018

Sun, Ke-xin; Wen, Rui; Fu, Wei-jie
Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.074028

Strangeness neutrality and baryon-strangeness correlations
journal, December 2019

Fu, Wei-jie; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Rennecke, Fabian
Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.111501

Dynamically integrated transport approach for heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density
text, January 2018

Akamatsu, Yukinao; Asakawa, Masayuki; Hirano, Tetsufumi
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1805.09024

Baryon number fluctuations in chiral effective models and their phenomenological implications
text, January 2017

Almasi, Gabor; Friman, Bengt; Redlich, Krzysztof
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1703.05947

Decoding the phase structure of QCD via particle production at high energy
text, January 2017

Andronic, A.; Braun-Munzinger, P.; Redlich, K.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1710.09425

Critical point of nuclear matter and beam-energy dependence of net-proton number fluctuations
journal, August 2018

Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Jiang, Lijia; Gorenstein, Mark I.
Physical Review C, Vol. 98, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.98.024910

Dynamically integrated transport approach for heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density
journal, August 2018

Akamatsu, Yukinao; Asakawa, Masayuki; Hirano, Tetsufumi
Physical Review C, Vol. 98, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.98.024909

QCD phase structure at finite temperature and density
text, January 2020

Fu, Wei-Jie; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Rennecke, Fabian
GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, GSI, Darmstadt
DOI: 10.15120/gsi-2021-00689

Decoding the phase structure of QCD via particle production at high energy
journal, September 2018

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Nature, Vol. 561, Issue 7723
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0491-6

Quark matter under rotation in the NJL model with vector interaction
journal, January 2019

Wang, Xinyang; Wei, Minghua; Li, Zhibin
Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.016018

The kurtosis of net baryon number fluctuations from a realistic Polyakov--Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model along the experimental freeze-out line
text, January 2018

Li, Zhibin; Xu, Kun; Wang, Xinyang
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1801.09215

Skewness and kurtosis of net baryon-number distributions at small values of the baryon chemical potential
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DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.074510

Nonperturbative quark-gluon thermodynamics at finite density
text, January 2017

Andreichikov, M. A.; Lukashov, M. S.; Simonov, Yu. A.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1707.04631

Impact of the Nuclear Equation of State on the Stability of Hybrid Neutron Stars
journal, August 2019

Cierniak, Mateusz; Fischer, Tobias; Bastian, Niels-Uwe
Universe, Vol. 5, Issue 8
DOI: 10.3390/universe5080186

Thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter in a hybrid model
journal, April 2019

Bhattacharyya, Abhijit; Ghosh, Sanjay K.; Maity, Soumitra
Physical Review C, Vol. 99, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.99.045207

Critical point signatures in the cluster expansion in fugacities
journal, January 2020

Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Greiner, Carsten; Koch, Volker
Physical Review D, Vol. 101, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.014015

Lattice-based equation of state at finite baryon number, electric charge and strangeness chemical potentials
text, January 2019

Noronha-Hostler, J.; Parotto, P.; Ratti, C.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1902.06723

Baryon number fluctuations in chiral effective models and their phenomenological implications
journal, July 2017

Almási, Gábor András; Friman, Bengt; Redlich, Krzysztof
Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.014027

Susceptibilities of strongly interacting matter in a finite volume
journal, January 2019

Spieles, Christian; Bleicher, Marcus; Greiner, Carsten
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DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/aaf82f

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journal, July 2019

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Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.014911

Reliable estimation of the radius of convergence in finite density QCD
text, January 2019

Giordano, Matteo; Pásztor, Attila
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1904.01974

Thermodynamical consistency of quasiparticle model at finite baryon density
journal, July 2019

Ma, Hong-Hao; Lin, Kai; Qian, Wei-Liang
Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.015206

Constraining the hadronic spectrum through QCD thermodynamics on the lattice
text, January 2017

Alba, Paolo; Bellwied, Rene; Borsanyi, Szabolcs
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DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1702.01113

Temperature Dependence of the Axion Mass in a Scenario Where the Restoration of Chiral Symmetry Drives the Restoration of the $U_A(1)$ Symmetry
text, January 2019

Horvatić, Davor; Kekez, Dalibor; Klabučar, Dubravko
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1909.09879

Landau and Eckart frames for relativistic fluids in nuclear collisions
text, January 2019

Monnai, Akihiko
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1904.11940

Wigner solution of the quark gap equation
journal, September 2018

Cui, Zhu-Fang; Xu, Shu-Sheng; Li, Bo-Lin
The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 78, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6264-4

Functional renormalization group study of the quark-meson model with $ω$ meson
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Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.114029

Looking for the Phase Transition—Recent NA61/SHINE Results
journal, March 2018

Turko, Ludwik
Universe, Vol. 4, Issue 3
DOI: 10.3390/universe4030052

Temperature Dependence of the Axion Mass in a Scenario Where the Restoration of Chiral Symmetry Drives the Restoration of the UA(1) Symmetry
journal, October 2019

Horvatić, Davor; Kekez, Dalibor; Klabučar, Dubravko
Universe, Vol. 5, Issue 10
DOI: 10.3390/universe5100208

Baryon number probability distribution at finite temperature
text, January 2018

Sun, Ke-xin; Wen, Rui; Fu, Wei-jie
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1805.12025

Equation of state of a quark-meson mixture in the improved Polyakov–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model at finite chemical potential
journal, October 2017

Torres-Rincon, Juan M.; Aichelin, Joerg
Physical Review C, Vol. 96, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.96.045205

Landau and Eckart frames for relativistic fluids in nuclear collisions
journal, July 2019

Monnai, Akihiko
Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.014901

Dynamical versus equilibrium properties of the QCD phase transition: A holographic perspective
journal, July 2017

Rougemont, Romulo; Critelli, Renato; Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.014032

Search for the QCD critical point with fluctuations of conserved quantities in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC: an overview
journal, July 2017

Luo, Xiaofeng; Xu, Nu
Nuclear Science and Techniques, Vol. 28, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1007/s41365-017-0257-0

The analytic structure of thermodynamic systems with repulsive interactions
text, January 2019

Taradiy, Kirill; Motornenko, Anton; Vovchenko, Volodymyr
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1904.08259

Analytic structure of thermodynamic systems with repulsive interactions
journal, December 2019

Taradiy, Kirill; Motornenko, Anton; Vovchenko, Volodymyr
Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.065202

Thermodynamics of a quark-gluon plasma at finite baryon density
journal, October 2019

Khaidukov, Z. V.; Simonov, Yu. A.
Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.076009

Lattice-based equation of state at finite baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness chemical potentials
journal, December 2019

Noronha-Hostler, J.; Parotto, P.; Ratti, C.
Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.064910

Calculating the equation of state of dense quark-gluon plasma using the complex Langevin equation
journal, October 2019

Sexty, Dénes
Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.074503

Critical point signatures in the cluster expansion in fugacities
text, January 2020

Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Greiner, Carsten; Koch, Volker
GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, GSI, Darmstadt
DOI: 10.15120/gsi-2021-00617

Cluster expansion model for QCD baryon number fluctuations: No phase transition at $μ_{B} / T < π$
journal, June 2018

Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Steinheimer, Jan; Philipsen, Owe
Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.97.114030

Strangeness neutrality and baryon-strangeness correlations
text, January 2018

Fu, Wei-jie; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Rennecke, Fabian
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1809.01594

Cosmic QCD Epoch at Nonvanishing Lepton Asymmetry
journal, November 2018

Wygas, Mandy M.; Oldengott, Isabel M.; Bödeker, Dietrich
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 20
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.201302

Thermodynamic Geometry of Nambu -- Jona Lasinio model
text, January 2019

Castorina, P.; Lanteri, D.; Mancani, S.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1905.05296

Baryon clustering at the critical line and near the hypothetical critical point in heavy-ion collisions
journal, August 2019

Shuryak, Edward; Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.024903

The phase structure of QCD
journal, August 2017

Schmidt, Christian; Sharma, Sayantan
Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/aa824a

Equation of state at finite densities for QCD matter in nuclear collisions
journal, August 2019

Monnai, Akihiko; Schenke, Björn; Shen, Chun
Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.024907

Modeling baryonic interactions with the Clausius-type equation of state
journal, February 2018

Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Gorenstein, Mark I.; Stoecker, Horst
The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 54, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1140/epja/i2018-12399-3

Skewness and kurtosis of net baryon-number distributions at small values of the baryon chemical potential
text, January 2017

Bazavov, A.; Ding, H. -T.; Hegde, P.
Universität Regensburg
DOI: 10.5283/epub.39653

Thermodynamical consistency of quasiparticle model at finite baryon density
text, January 2018

Ma, Hong-Hao; Lin, Kai; Qian, Wei-Liang
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1804.05376

QCD phase structure at finite temperature and density
journal, March 2020

Fu, Wei-jie; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Rennecke, Fabian
Physical Review D, Vol. 101, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.054032

Cosmic QCD Epoch at Nonvanishing Lepton Asymmetry
text, January 2018

Wygas, Mandy M.; Oldengott, Isabel M.; Bodeker, Dietrich
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1807.10815

Modeling baryonic interactions with the Clausius-type equation of state
text, January 2017

Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Gorenstein, Mark I.; Stoecker, Horst
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1709.10097

Anisotropic pressure of deconfined QCD matter in presence of strong magnetic field within one-loop approximation
journal, May 2019

Karmakar, Bithika; Ghosh, Ritesh; Bandyopadhyay, Aritra
Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.094002

Baryon clustering at the critical line and near the hypothetical critical point in heavy-ion collisions
text, January 2018

Shuryak, Edward; Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1805.04444

Effects of the QCD equation of state and lepton asymmetry on primordial gravitational waves
journal, May 2019

Hajkarim, Fazlollah; Schaffner-Bielich, Jürgen; Wystub, Stephan
Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.103527

Thermodynamic and transport properties in Au + Au collisions at RHIC energies from the clustering of color strings
text, January 2017

Sahoo, Pragati; Tiwari, Swatantra Kumar; De, Sudipan
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1708.06689

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Title: QCD equation of state to O( μ B 6 ) from lattice QCD

Abstract

Citation Formats

Comparison of Chemical Freeze-Out Criteria in Heavy-Ion Collisions text, January 2005

The chiral and deconfinement aspects of the QCD transition text, January 2011

Chemical and thermal freeze-out parameters from 1 A to 2 0 0 A GeV journal, October 1999

Identified particle production and freeze-out properties in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC Beam Energy Scan program journal, January 2015

Equation of state for two flavor QCD at nonzero chemical potential journal, July 2003

Comparison of chemical freeze-out criteria in heavy-ion collisions conference, May 2007

Curvature of the chiral pseudocritical line in QCD: Continuum extrapolated results journal, September 2015

Universal hadronization condition in heavy ion collisions at s N N = 62 GeV and at s N N = 2.76 TeV journal, August 2013

Equation of state in ( 2 + 1 )-flavor QCD journal, November 2014

Hadron Mass Spectrum from Lattice QCD journal, December 2010

Pressure and nonlinear susceptibilities in QCD at finite chemical potentials journal, August 2003

Transition from baryonic to mesonic freeze-out journal, May 2005

Critical behavior and resonance excitation in the thermodynamics of extended hadrons journal, May 1981

The pressure of QCD at finite temperatures and chemical potentials text, January 2003

Divergences in the quark number susceptibility: The origin and a cure journal, October 2015

Phase diagram of QCD journal, September 1998

On the critical end point of QCD journal, June 2005

Freeze-Out Conditions in Heavy Ion Collisions from QCD Thermodynamics journal, November 2012

QCD equation of state at nonzero chemical potential: continuum results with physical quark masses at order μ 2 journal, August 2012

Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors text, January 2014

Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors text, January 2014

Chemical potential on the lattice journal, June 1983

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential journal, October 2002

QCD equation of state at nonzero chemical potential: continuum results with physical quark masses at order mu^2 text, January 2012

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential text, January 2002

The QCD phase diagram at nonzero quark density journal, April 2011

Critical line of 2 + 1 flavor QCD: Toward the continuum limit journal, January 2016

Comparison of chemical freeze-out criteria in heavy-ion collisions journal, March 2006

Additional Strange Hadrons from QCD Thermodynamics and Strangeness Freezeout in Heavy Ion Collisions journal, August 2014

Critical hadronization pressure journal, May 2009

Hot hadronic matter and nuclear collisions journal, November 1980

Fluctuations as probe of the QCD phase transition and freeze-out in heavy ion collisions at LHC and RHIC journal, July 2011

Phase boundary for the chiral transition in ( 2 + 1 )-flavor QCD at small values of the chemical potential journal, January 2011

The freeze-out mechanism and phase-space density in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions text, January 2002

Hadron yields and the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter text, January 2014

The isentropic equation of state of 2-flavor QCD text, January 2005

Critical point of QCD at finite T and , lattice results for physical quark masses journal, April 2004

The critical end point of QCD text, January 2004

Gauge theories with imaginary chemical potential and the phases of QCD journal, December 1986

Thermodynamics of two flavor QCD to sixth order in quark chemical potential journal, March 2005

Isentropic equation of state of 2-flavor QCD journal, March 2006

Highly improved staggered quarks on the lattice with applications to charm physics journal, March 2007

Quark number susceptibilities, strangeness and dynamical confinement text, January 2001

Critical point of QCD at finite T and μ, lattice results for physical quark masses text, January 2004

Chiral restoration at finite density and temperature journal, November 1989

The QCD phase diagram from analytic continuation preprint, January 2015

Fluctuations and correlations of net baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness: A comparison of lattice QCD results with the hadron resonance gas model journal, August 2012

Hadron yields and the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter journal, November 2014

Quark number susceptibilities, strangeness, and dynamical confinement journal, September 2001

Chiral and deconfinement aspects of the QCD transition journal, March 2012

Faster method of computation of lattice quark number susceptibilities journal, March 2012

Critical Hadronization Pressure text, January 2009

Pressure of QCD at finite temperatures and chemical potentials journal, September 2003

Transition from Baryonic to Mesonic Freeze-Out text, January 2004

High temperature SU(2) gluon matter of the lattice journal, April 1981

The QCD phase diagram from analytic continuation journal, December 2015

QCD phase transition studied by means of hadron production journal, September 2015

Hadronization conditions in relativistic nuclear collisions and the QCD pseudo-critical line journal, January 2017

Freeze-out mechanism and phase-space density in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions journal, September 2003

The QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential text, January 2002

Roberge-Weiss endpoint at the physical point of N f = 2 + 1 QCD journal, April 2016

Interacting hadron resonance gas meets lattice QCD journal, November 2012

Hadron Mass Spectrum from Lattice QCD text, January 2010

Fluctuations in cool quark matter and the phase diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics text, January 2018

Reliable estimation of the radius of convergence in finite density QCD journal, June 2019

Exploring the partonic phase at finite chemical potential within an extended off‐shell transport approach journal, November 2019

Global Λ polarization in heavy-ion collisions from a transport model journal, November 2017

Thermodynamic geometry and deconfinement temperature journal, April 2019

Thermodynamic and transport properties in Au + Au collisions at RHIC energies from the clustering of color strings journal, February 2019

Nonperturbative quark–gluon thermodynamics at finite density journal, March 2018

Baryon number fluctuations in the 2 + 1 flavor low energy effective model journal, May 2019

Baryon number fluctuations in the QCD phase diagram from Dyson-Schwinger equations journal, October 2019

Thermodynamic geometry of Nambu–Jona Lasinio model journal, January 2020

Anisotropic pressure of deconfined QCD matter in presence of strong magnetic field within one-loop approximation text, January 2019

Hadron resonance gas with repulsive mean field interaction: Thermodynamics and transport properties journal, October 2019

Constraining the hadronic spectrum through QCD thermodynamics on the lattice journal, August 2017

Mesonic dynamics and the QCD phase transition journal, November 2019

Title: QCD equation of state to $O (μ_{B}^{6})$ from lattice QCD

Comparison of Chemical Freeze-Out Criteria in Heavy-Ion Collisions
text, January 2005

The chiral and deconfinement aspects of the QCD transition
text, January 2011

Chemical and thermal freeze-out parameters from $1 A$ to $200 A$ GeV
journal, October 1999

Identified particle production and freeze-out properties in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC Beam Energy Scan program
journal, January 2015

Equation of state for two flavor QCD at nonzero chemical potential
journal, July 2003

Comparison of chemical freeze-out criteria in heavy-ion collisions
conference, May 2007

Curvature of the chiral pseudocritical line in QCD: Continuum extrapolated results
journal, September 2015

Universal hadronization condition in heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 62 GeV$ and at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 2.76 TeV$
journal, August 2013

Equation of state in ( $2 + 1$ )-flavor QCD
journal, November 2014

Hadron Mass Spectrum from Lattice QCD
journal, December 2010

Pressure and nonlinear susceptibilities in QCD at finite chemical potentials
journal, August 2003

Transition from baryonic to mesonic freeze-out
journal, May 2005

Critical behavior and resonance excitation in the thermodynamics of extended hadrons
journal, May 1981

The pressure of QCD at finite temperatures and chemical potentials
text, January 2003

Divergences in the quark number susceptibility: The origin and a cure
journal, October 2015

Phase diagram of QCD
journal, September 1998

On the critical end point of QCD
journal, June 2005

Freeze-Out Conditions in Heavy Ion Collisions from QCD Thermodynamics
journal, November 2012

QCD equation of state at nonzero chemical potential: continuum results with physical quark masses at order μ 2
journal, August 2012

Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors
text, January 2014

Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors
text, January 2014

Chemical potential on the lattice
journal, June 1983

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential
journal, October 2002

QCD equation of state at nonzero chemical potential: continuum results with physical quark masses at order mu^2
text, January 2012

QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential
text, January 2002

The QCD phase diagram at nonzero quark density
journal, April 2011

Critical line of $2 + 1$ flavor QCD: Toward the continuum limit
journal, January 2016

Comparison of chemical freeze-out criteria in heavy-ion collisions
journal, March 2006

Additional Strange Hadrons from QCD Thermodynamics and Strangeness Freezeout in Heavy Ion Collisions
journal, August 2014

Critical hadronization pressure
journal, May 2009

Hot hadronic matter and nuclear collisions
journal, November 1980

Fluctuations as probe of the QCD phase transition and freeze-out in heavy ion collisions at LHC and RHIC
journal, July 2011

Phase boundary for the chiral transition in ( $2 + 1$ )-flavor QCD at small values of the chemical potential
journal, January 2011

The freeze-out mechanism and phase-space density in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
text, January 2002

Hadron yields and the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter
text, January 2014

The isentropic equation of state of 2-flavor QCD
text, January 2005

Critical point of QCD at finite T and , lattice results for physical quark masses
journal, April 2004

The critical end point of QCD
text, January 2004

Gauge theories with imaginary chemical potential and the phases of QCD
journal, December 1986

Thermodynamics of two flavor QCD to sixth order in quark chemical potential
journal, March 2005

Isentropic equation of state of 2-flavor QCD
journal, March 2006

Highly improved staggered quarks on the lattice with applications to charm physics
journal, March 2007

Quark number susceptibilities, strangeness and dynamical confinement
text, January 2001

Critical point of QCD at finite T and μ, lattice results for physical quark masses
text, January 2004

Chiral restoration at finite density and temperature
journal, November 1989

The QCD phase diagram from analytic continuation
preprint, January 2015

Fluctuations and correlations of net baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness: A comparison of lattice QCD results with the hadron resonance gas model
journal, August 2012

Hadron yields and the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter
journal, November 2014

Quark number susceptibilities, strangeness, and dynamical confinement
journal, September 2001

Chiral and deconfinement aspects of the QCD transition
journal, March 2012

Faster method of computation of lattice quark number susceptibilities
journal, March 2012

Critical Hadronization Pressure
text, January 2009

Pressure of QCD at finite temperatures and chemical potentials
journal, September 2003

Transition from Baryonic to Mesonic Freeze-Out
text, January 2004

High temperature SU(2) gluon matter of the lattice
journal, April 1981

The QCD phase diagram from analytic continuation
journal, December 2015

QCD phase transition studied by means of hadron production
journal, September 2015

Hadronization conditions in relativistic nuclear collisions and the QCD pseudo-critical line
journal, January 2017

Freeze-out mechanism and phase-space density in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
journal, September 2003

The QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential
text, January 2002

Roberge-Weiss endpoint at the physical point of $N_{f} = 2 + 1$ QCD
journal, April 2016

Interacting hadron resonance gas meets lattice QCD
journal, November 2012

Hadron Mass Spectrum from Lattice QCD
text, January 2010

Fluctuations in cool quark matter and the phase diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics
text, January 2018

Reliable estimation of the radius of convergence in finite density QCD
journal, June 2019

Exploring the partonic phase at finite chemical potential within an extended off‐shell transport approach
journal, November 2019

Global $Λ$ polarization in heavy-ion collisions from a transport model
journal, November 2017

Thermodynamic geometry and deconfinement temperature
journal, April 2019

Thermodynamic and transport properties in Au + Au collisions at RHIC energies from the clustering of color strings
journal, February 2019

Nonperturbative quark–gluon thermodynamics at finite density
journal, March 2018

Baryon number fluctuations in the $2 + 1$ flavor low energy effective model
journal, May 2019

Baryon number fluctuations in the QCD phase diagram from Dyson-Schwinger equations
journal, October 2019

Thermodynamic geometry of Nambu–Jona Lasinio model
journal, January 2020

Anisotropic pressure of deconfined QCD matter in presence of strong magnetic field within one-loop approximation
text, January 2019

Hadron resonance gas with repulsive mean field interaction: Thermodynamics and transport properties
journal, October 2019

Constraining the hadronic spectrum through QCD thermodynamics on the lattice
journal, August 2017

Mesonic dynamics and the QCD phase transition
journal, November 2019

The kurtosis of net baryon number fluctuations from a realistic Polyakov–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model along the experimental freeze-out line
journal, March 2019

Fluctuations in cool quark matter and the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics
journal, April 2019