The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system

Abgrall, N.; Arnquist, I. J.; Avignone, III, F. T.; Barabash, A. S.; Bertrand, F. E.; Boswell, M.; Bradley, A. W.; Brudanin, V.; Busch, M.; Buuck, M.; Caldwell, T. S.; Christofferson, C. D.; Chu, P. -H.; Cuesta, C.; Detwiler, J. A.; Dunagan, C.; Efremenko, Yu.; Ejiri, H.; Elliott, S. R.; Fu, Z.; Gehman, V. M.; Gilliss, T.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Goett, J.; Green, M. P.; Gruszko, J.; Guinn, I. S.; Guiseppe, V. E.; Haufe, C. R.; Henning, R.; Hoppe, E. W.; Howe, M. A.; Jasinski, B. R.; Keeter, K. J.; Kidd, M. F.; Konovalov, S. I.; Kouzes, R. T.; Lopez, A. M.; MacMullin, J.; Martin, R. D.; Massarczyk, R.; Meijer, S. J.; Mertens, S.; Orrell, J. L.; O’Shaughnessy, C.; Poon, A. W. P.; Radford, D. C.; Rager, J.; Reine, A. L.; Rielage, K.; Robertson, R. G. H.; Shanks, B.; Shirchenko, M.; Suriano, A. M.; Tedeschi, D.; Trimble, J. E.; Varner, R. L.; Vasilyev, S.; Vetter, K.; Vorren, K.; White, B. R.; Wilkerson, J. F.; Wiseman, C.; Xu, W.; Yu, C. -H.; Yumatov, V.; Zhitnikov, I.; Zhu, B. X.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

Title: The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system

Abstract

The MAJORANA Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus76Ge. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a 1-ton76Ge-based search. The ultra low-background conditions require regular calibrations to verify proper function of the detectors. Radioactive line sources can be deployed around the cryostats containing the detectors for regular energy calibrations. When measuring in low-background mode, these line sources have to be stored outside the shielding so they do not contribute to the background. The deployment and the retraction of the source are designed to be controlled by the data acquisition system and do not require any direct human interaction. In this paper, we detail the design requirements and implementation of the calibration apparatus, which provides the event rates needed to define the pulse-shape cuts and energy calibration used in the final analysis as well as data that can be compared to simulations.

Authors:

Abgrall, N. ^[1]; Arnquist, I. J. ^[2]; Avignone, III, F. T. ^[3]; Barabash, A. S. ^[4]; Bertrand, F. E. ^[5]; Boswell, M. ^[6]; Bradley, A. W. ^[1]; Brudanin, V. ^[7]; Busch, M. ^[8]; Buuck, M. ^[9]; Caldwell, T. S. ^[10]; Christofferson, C. D. ^[11]; Chu, P. -H. ^[6]; Cuesta, C. ^[9]; Detwiler, J. A. ^[9]; Dunagan, C. ^[11]; Efremenko, Yu. ^[12]; Ejiri, H. ^[13]; Elliott, S. R. ^[6]; Fu, Z. ^[9] more »

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow (Russia)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russia)
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States); Triangle Univ. Nuclear Lab., Durham, NC (United States)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Triangle Univ. Nuclear Lab., Durham, NC (United States)
South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Osaka Univ., Osaka (Japan)
Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States); Triangle Univ. Nuclear Lab., Durham, NC (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
Univ. of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD (United States)
Black Hills State Univ., Spearfish, SD (United States)
Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN (United States)
Queen's Univ., Kingston, ON (Canada)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Triangle Univ. Nuclear Lab., Durham, NC (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1375174

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1460300; OSTI ID: 1481700; OSTI ID: 1549729

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-20458
Journal ID: ISSN 0168-9002; TRN: US1702560

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; AC02-05CH11231; AC05-00OR22725; FG02-10ER41715; FG02-97ER41020; FG02-97ER41033; FG02-97ER41041; FG02-97ER41042; SC0010254; SC0012612

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 872; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0168-9002

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; Atomic and Nuclear Physics; Majorana Demonstrator, Calibration, Double-beta decay, detector performance

Citation Formats


                    Abgrall, N., Arnquist, I. J., Avignone, III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Bertrand, F. E., Boswell, M., Bradley, A. W., Brudanin, V., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Dunagan, C., Efremenko, Yu., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., Fu, Z., Gehman, V. M., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Goett, J., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Haufe, C. R., Henning, R., Hoppe, E. W., Howe, M. A., Jasinski, B. R., Keeter, K. J., Kidd, M. F., Konovalov, S. I., Kouzes, R. T., Lopez, A. M., MacMullin, J., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Orrell, J. L., O’Shaughnessy, C., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Robertson, R. G. H., Shanks, B., Shirchenko, M., Suriano, A. M., Tedeschi, D., Trimble, J. E., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Vetter, K., Vorren, K., White, B. R., Wilkerson, J. F., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zhitnikov, I., and Zhu, B. X. The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005.

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                    Abgrall, N., Arnquist, I. J., Avignone, III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Bertrand, F. E., Boswell, M., Bradley, A. W., Brudanin, V., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Dunagan, C., Efremenko, Yu., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., Fu, Z., Gehman, V. M., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Goett, J., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Haufe, C. R., Henning, R., Hoppe, E. W., Howe, M. A., Jasinski, B. R., Keeter, K. J., Kidd, M. F., Konovalov, S. I., Kouzes, R. T., Lopez, A. M., MacMullin, J., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Orrell, J. L., O’Shaughnessy, C., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Robertson, R. G. H., Shanks, B., Shirchenko, M., Suriano, A. M., Tedeschi, D., Trimble, J. E., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Vetter, K., Vorren, K., White, B. R., Wilkerson, J. F., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zhitnikov, I., & Zhu, B. X. The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005

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                    Abgrall, N., Arnquist, I. J., Avignone, III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Bertrand, F. E., Boswell, M., Bradley, A. W., Brudanin, V., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Dunagan, C., Efremenko, Yu., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., Fu, Z., Gehman, V. M., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Goett, J., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Haufe, C. R., Henning, R., Hoppe, E. W., Howe, M. A., Jasinski, B. R., Keeter, K. J., Kidd, M. F., Konovalov, S. I., Kouzes, R. T., Lopez, A. M., MacMullin, J., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Orrell, J. L., O’Shaughnessy, C., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Robertson, R. G. H., Shanks, B., Shirchenko, M., Suriano, A. M., Tedeschi, D., Trimble, J. E., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Vetter, K., Vorren, K., White, B. R., Wilkerson, J. F., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zhitnikov, I., and Zhu, B. X. Tue .  
"The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1375174.

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@article{osti_1375174,

  title        = {The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system},

  author       = {Abgrall, N. and Arnquist, I. J. and Avignone, III, F. T. and Barabash, A. S. and Bertrand, F. E. and Boswell, M. and Bradley, A. W. and Brudanin, V. and Busch, M. and Buuck, M. and Caldwell, T. S. and Christofferson, C. D. and Chu, P. -H. and Cuesta, C. and Detwiler, J. A. and Dunagan, C. and Efremenko, Yu. and Ejiri, H. and Elliott, S. R. and Fu, Z. and Gehman, V. M. and Gilliss, T. and Giovanetti, G. K. and Goett, J. and Green, M. P. and Gruszko, J. and Guinn, I. S. and Guiseppe, V. E. and Haufe, C. R. and Henning, R. and Hoppe, E. W. and Howe, M. A. and Jasinski, B. R. and Keeter, K. J. and Kidd, M. F. and Konovalov, S. I. and Kouzes, R. T. and Lopez, A. M. and MacMullin, J. and Martin, R. D. and Massarczyk, R. and Meijer, S. J. and Mertens, S. and Orrell, J. L. and O’Shaughnessy, C. and Poon, A. W. P. and Radford, D. C. and Rager, J. and Reine, A. L. and Rielage, K. and Robertson, R. G. H. and Shanks, B. and Shirchenko, M. and Suriano, A. M. and Tedeschi, D. and Trimble, J. E. and Varner, R. L. and Vasilyev, S. and Vetter, K. and Vorren, K. and White, B. R. and Wilkerson, J. F. and Wiseman, C. and Xu, W. and Yu, C. -H. and Yumatov, V. and Zhitnikov, I. and Zhu, B. X.},

  abstractNote = {The MAJORANA Collaboration is searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the nucleus76Ge. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is an array of germanium detectors deployed with the aim of implementing background reduction techniques suitable for a 1-ton76Ge-based search. The ultra low-background conditions require regular calibrations to verify proper function of the detectors. Radioactive line sources can be deployed around the cryostats containing the detectors for regular energy calibrations. When measuring in low-background mode, these line sources have to be stored outside the shielding so they do not contribute to the background. The deployment and the retraction of the source are designed to be controlled by the data acquisition system and do not require any direct human interaction. In this paper, we detail the design requirements and implementation of the calibration apparatus, which provides the event rates needed to define the pulse-shape cuts and energy calibration used in the final analysis as well as data that can be compared to simulations.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.nima.2017.08.005},

  journal      = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 872,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Tue Aug 08 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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New Limits on Bosonic Dark Matter, Solar Axions, Pauli Exclusion Principle Violation, and Electron Decay from the Majorana Demonstrator
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Pulse shape analysis in segmented detectors as a technique for background reduction in Ge double-beta decay experiments
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Title: The Majorana Demonstrator calibration system

Abstract

Citation Formats

Double beta decay, Majorana neutrinos, and neutrino mass journal, April 2008

Theory of neutrinoless double-beta decay journal, September 2012

The Evidence for the Observation of 0νββ Decay: the Identification of 0νββ Events from the full Spectra journal, June 2006

Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of Te 130 with CUORE-0 journal, September 2015

Search of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with the GERDA Experiment journal, April 2016

Search for Majorana Neutrinos Near the Inverted Mass Hierarchy Region with KamLAND-Zen journal, August 2016

Progress in Electroweak Baryogenesis journal, December 1993

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay Experiment journal, January 2014

New Limits on Bosonic Dark Matter, Solar Axions, Pauli Exclusion Principle Violation, and Electron Decay from the Majorana Demonstrator journal, April 2017

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