Improved confinement in highly powered high performance scenarios on DIII-D
Abstract
DIII-D has recently shown improved energy confinement by injecting neutral deuterium gas into high performance near-double null divertor (DND) plasmas during high power operation. Representative parameters for these plasmas are: q 95 = 6, P IN up to 15 MW, H 98 = 1.4–1.8, and β N = 2.5–4.0. The ion B ×$$\nabla$$ B direction is away from the primary X-point. While plasma conditions at lower to moderate power input (e.g. ≤11 MW) are shown to be favorable to successful puff-and-pump radiating divertor applications, particularly when using argon seeds, plasma behavior at higher powers (e.g.≥14 MW) may make successful puff-and-pump operation more problematic. In contrast to lower powered high performance plasmas, both τ E and β N in the high power cases (≥14 MW) increased and ELM frequency decreased, as density was raised by deuterium gas injection. Improved performance in the higher power plasmas was tied to higher pedestal pressure, which according to peeling-ballooning mode stability analysis using the ELITE code could increase with density along the kink/peeling stability threshold, while the pedestal pressure gradient in the lower power discharges were limited by the ballooning threshold. This concluded in improved fueling efficiency and ≈10% higher τ E and β N than is normally observed in comparable high performance plasmas on DIII-D. Applying the puff-and-pump radiating divertor approach at moderate versus high power input is shown to result in a much different evolution in core and pedestal plasma behavior. We find that injecting deuterium gas into these highly powered DND plasmas may open up a new avenue for achieving elevated plasma performance, including better fueling, but the resulting higher density may also complicate application of a radiating divertor approach to heat flux reduction in present-day tokamaks, if scenarios involving second-harmonic electron cyclotron heating are used.
- Authors:
-
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1371544
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1527279
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-777844
Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FC02-04ER54698; AC52-07NA27344; FG02-04ER54761; AC04-94AL85000
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nuclear Fusion
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 57; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515
- Publisher:
- IOP Science
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
Citation Formats
Petrie, Thomas W., Osborne, Thomas, Fenstermacher, Max E., Ferron, John R., Groebner, Richard J., Grierson, Brian, Holcomb, Christopher T., Lasnier, C., Leonard, Anthony W., Luce, Timothy C., Makowski, Michael A., Turco, Francesca, Solomon, Wayne M., Victor, Brian S., and Watkins, Jonathan G. Improved confinement in highly powered high performance scenarios on DIII-D. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1088/1741-4326/aa7399.
Petrie, Thomas W., Osborne, Thomas, Fenstermacher, Max E., Ferron, John R., Groebner, Richard J., Grierson, Brian, Holcomb, Christopher T., Lasnier, C., Leonard, Anthony W., Luce, Timothy C., Makowski, Michael A., Turco, Francesca, Solomon, Wayne M., Victor, Brian S., & Watkins, Jonathan G. Improved confinement in highly powered high performance scenarios on DIII-D. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa7399
Petrie, Thomas W., Osborne, Thomas, Fenstermacher, Max E., Ferron, John R., Groebner, Richard J., Grierson, Brian, Holcomb, Christopher T., Lasnier, C., Leonard, Anthony W., Luce, Timothy C., Makowski, Michael A., Turco, Francesca, Solomon, Wayne M., Victor, Brian S., and Watkins, Jonathan G. Fri .
"Improved confinement in highly powered high performance scenarios on DIII-D". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa7399. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1371544.
@article{osti_1371544,
title = {Improved confinement in highly powered high performance scenarios on DIII-D},
author = {Petrie, Thomas W. and Osborne, Thomas and Fenstermacher, Max E. and Ferron, John R. and Groebner, Richard J. and Grierson, Brian and Holcomb, Christopher T. and Lasnier, C. and Leonard, Anthony W. and Luce, Timothy C. and Makowski, Michael A. and Turco, Francesca and Solomon, Wayne M. and Victor, Brian S. and Watkins, Jonathan G.},
abstractNote = {DIII-D has recently shown improved energy confinement by injecting neutral deuterium gas into high performance near-double null divertor (DND) plasmas during high power operation. Representative parameters for these plasmas are: q 95 = 6, P IN up to 15 MW, H 98 = 1.4–1.8, and β N = 2.5–4.0. The ion B ×$\nabla$ B direction is away from the primary X-point. While plasma conditions at lower to moderate power input (e.g. ≤11 MW) are shown to be favorable to successful puff-and-pump radiating divertor applications, particularly when using argon seeds, plasma behavior at higher powers (e.g.≥14 MW) may make successful puff-and-pump operation more problematic. In contrast to lower powered high performance plasmas, both τ E and β N in the high power cases (≥14 MW) increased and ELM frequency decreased, as density was raised by deuterium gas injection. Improved performance in the higher power plasmas was tied to higher pedestal pressure, which according to peeling-ballooning mode stability analysis using the ELITE code could increase with density along the kink/peeling stability threshold, while the pedestal pressure gradient in the lower power discharges were limited by the ballooning threshold. This concluded in improved fueling efficiency and ≈10% higher τ E and β N than is normally observed in comparable high performance plasmas on DIII-D. Applying the puff-and-pump radiating divertor approach at moderate versus high power input is shown to result in a much different evolution in core and pedestal plasma behavior. We find that injecting deuterium gas into these highly powered DND plasmas may open up a new avenue for achieving elevated plasma performance, including better fueling, but the resulting higher density may also complicate application of a radiating divertor approach to heat flux reduction in present-day tokamaks, if scenarios involving second-harmonic electron cyclotron heating are used.},
doi = {10.1088/1741-4326/aa7399},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
number = 8,
volume = 57,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jun 09 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri Jun 09 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
Web of Science
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Works referencing / citing this record:
DIII-D research towards establishing the scientific basis for future fusion reactors
journal, June 2019
- Petty, C. C.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 11
High performance double-null plasmas under radiating divertor and mantle scenarios on DIII-D
journal, July 2019
- Petrie, T. W.; Grierson, B. A.; Osborne, T.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 8