Study of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps

Cui, Longji; Jeong, Wonho; Fernández-Hurtado, Víctor; Feist, Johannes; García-Vidal, Francisco J.; Cuevas, Juan Carlos; Meyhofer, Edgar; Reddy, Pramod

doi:10.1038/ncomms14479

Title: Study of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps

Abstract

Radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps is of great interest because of both its technological importance and open questions regarding the physics of energy transfer in this regime. Here in this paper we report studies of radiative heat transfer in few Å to 5nm gap sizes, performed under ultrahigh vacuum conditions between a Au-coated probe featuring embedded nanoscale thermocouples and a heated planar Au substrate that were both subjected to various surface-cleaning procedures. By drawing on the apparent tunnelling barrier height as a signature of cleanliness, we found that upon systematically cleaning via a plasma or locally pushing the tip into the substrate by a few nanometres, the observed radiative conductances decreased from unexpectedly large values to extremely small ones—below the detection limit of our probe—as expected from our computational results. Our results show that it is possible to avoid the confounding effects of surface contamination and systematically study thermal radiation in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps.

Authors:

Cui, Longji ^[1]; Jeong, Wonho ^[1]; Fernández-Hurtado, Víctor ^[2];

^[2]; García-Vidal, Francisco J. ^[3];

^[2]; Meyhofer, Edgar ^[1]; Reddy, Pramod ^[4]

Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Univ. Autonoma de Madrid (Spain). Dept. de Fisica Teorica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)
Univ. Autonoma de Madrid (Spain). Dept. de Fisica Teorica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC); Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastian (Spain)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering

Publication Date:: Wed Feb 15 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); European Research Council (ERC); US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); Comunidad de Madrid

OSTI Identifier:: 1366540

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0004871; N00014-16-1-2672; FIS2014-53488-P; S2013/MIT-2740

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature Communications

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; Nanometrology; Nanophotonics and plasmonics; Optical metrology

Citation Formats


                    Cui, Longji, Jeong, Wonho, Fernández-Hurtado, Víctor, Feist, Johannes, García-Vidal, Francisco J., Cuevas, Juan Carlos, Meyhofer, Edgar, and Reddy, Pramod. Study of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1038/ncomms14479.

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                    Cui, Longji, Jeong, Wonho, Fernández-Hurtado, Víctor, Feist, Johannes, García-Vidal, Francisco J., Cuevas, Juan Carlos, Meyhofer, Edgar, & Reddy, Pramod. Study of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14479

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                    Cui, Longji, Jeong, Wonho, Fernández-Hurtado, Víctor, Feist, Johannes, García-Vidal, Francisco J., Cuevas, Juan Carlos, Meyhofer, Edgar, and Reddy, Pramod. Wed .  
"Study of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14479.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1366540.

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@article{osti_1366540,

  title        = {Study of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps},

  author       = {Cui, Longji and Jeong, Wonho and Fernández-Hurtado, Víctor and Feist, Johannes and García-Vidal, Francisco J. and Cuevas, Juan Carlos and Meyhofer, Edgar and Reddy, Pramod},

  abstractNote = {Radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps is of great interest because of both its technological importance and open questions regarding the physics of energy transfer in this regime. Here in this paper we report studies of radiative heat transfer in few Å to 5nm gap sizes, performed under ultrahigh vacuum conditions between a Au-coated probe featuring embedded nanoscale thermocouples and a heated planar Au substrate that were both subjected to various surface-cleaning procedures. By drawing on the apparent tunnelling barrier height as a signature of cleanliness, we found that upon systematically cleaning via a plasma or locally pushing the tip into the substrate by a few nanometres, the observed radiative conductances decreased from unexpectedly large values to extremely small ones—below the detection limit of our probe—as expected from our computational results. Our results show that it is possible to avoid the confounding effects of surface contamination and systematically study thermal radiation in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps.},

  doi          = {10.1038/ncomms14479},

  journal      = {Nature Communications},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 8,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Feb 15 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Wed Feb 15 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Title: Study of radiative heat transfer in Ångström- and nanometre-sized gaps

Abstract

Citation Formats

Formation of a Metallic Contact: Jump to Contact Revisited text, January 2006

Parallel-plate submicron gap formed by micromachined low-density pillars for near-field radiative heat transfer journal, February 2015

Near-field radiative heat transfer between parallel structures in the deep subwavelength regime journal, March 2016

Surface electromagnetic waves thermally excited: Radiative heat transfer, coherence properties and Casimir forces revisited in the near field journal, May 2005

Graphene-based photovoltaic cells for near-field thermal energy conversion journal, March 2013

Effects of spatial dispersion in near-field radiative heat transfer between two parallel metallic surfaces journal, January 2008

Resistance thermometry-based picowatt-resolution heat-flow calorimeter journal, April 2013

Thermal excitation of plasmons for near-field thermophotovoltaics text, January 2014

Near-field radiative thermal transport: From theory to experiment journal, May 2015

Radiative heat transfer in the extreme near field journal, December 2015

Fluctuating surface-current formulation of radiative heat transfer for arbitrary geometries text, January 2012

Enhancement of near-field radiative heat transfer using polar dielectric thin films journal, February 2015

Enhanced Near-Field Heat Flow of a Monolayer Dielectric Island journal, March 2013

Phononic heat transfer across an interface: thermal boundary resistance journal, January 2011

Radiative heat transfer exceeding the blackbody limit between macroscale planar surfaces separated by a nanosize vacuum gap journal, September 2016

Surface Phonon Polaritons Mediated Energy Transfer between Nanoscale Gaps journal, August 2009

Phonon-assisted heat transfer between vacuum-separated surfaces journal, August 2016

Surface Electromagnetic Waves Thermally Excited: Radiative Heat Transfer, Coherence Properties and Casimir Forces Revisited in the Near Field text, January 2005

Demonstration of Strong Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Integrated Nanostructures journal, November 2014

Thermal Infrared Near-Field Spectroscopy journal, February 2012

Efficient Computation of Power, Force, and Torque in BEM Scattering Calculations journal, August 2015

Apparent Barrier Height in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Revisited journal, February 1996

Performance analysis of near-field thermophotovoltaic devices considering absorption distribution journal, January 2008

Surface modes for near field thermophotovoltaics journal, May 2003

Ultra-High Vacuum Scanning Thermal Microscopy for Nanometer Resolution Quantitative Thermometry journal, May 2012

Heat dissipation in atomic-scale junctions journal, June 2013

Near-field thermal radiation between doped silicon plates at nanoscale gaps journal, May 2015

Near-field radiative heat transfer between macroscopic planar surfaces text, January 2011

Heat-assisted magnetic recording by a near-field transducer with efficient optical energy transfer journal, March 2009

Removal of self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold by plasma cleaning journal, December 2005

On the role of acoustic waves (phonons) in equilibrium heat exchange across a vacuum gap journal, August 2011

Thermal excitation of plasmons for near-field thermophotovoltaics journal, August 2014

Vacuum induced phonon transfer between two solid dielectric materials: Illustrating the case of Casimir force coupling text, January 2014

Transition from near-field thermal radiation to phonon heat conduction at sub-nanometre gaps journal, April 2015

Radiative heat conductances between dielectric and metallic parallel plates with nanoscale gaps journal, March 2016

Near-field thermophotovoltaic energy conversion journal, September 2006

Fluctuating-surface-current formulation of radiative heat transfer for arbitrary geometries journal, December 2012

Fluctuating-surface-current formulation of radiative heat transfer: Theory and applications journal, August 2013

Radiative heat transfer at the nanoscale journal, August 2009

Review of near-field thermal radiation and its application to energy conversion journal, October 2009

Radiative exchange of heat between nanostructures journal, August 1999

Graphene-based photovoltaic cells for near-field thermal energy conversion journal, March 2013

Thermal radiation scanning tunnelling microscopy journal, December 2006

Theory of Radiative Heat Transfer between Closely Spaced Bodies journal, November 1971

Formation of a Metallic Contact: Jump to Contact Revisited text, January 2006

Thermal radiation scanning tunnelling microscopy journal, December 2006

Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Macroscopic Planar Surfaces journal, June 2011

Surface Modes for Near Field Thermophotovoltaics text, January 2003

Near-field thermal radiation between two closely spaced glass plates exceeding Planck’s blackbody radiation law journal, March 2008

Phonon Transport Across a Vacuum Gap text, January 2012

Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy journal, June 1994

Transition from near-field thermal radiation to phonon heat conduction at sub-nanometre gaps journal, April 2015

Near-field radiative heat transfer between parallel structures in the deep subwavelength regime journal, March 2016

Direct measurement of molecular attraction between solids separated by a narrow gap journal, January 1956

Erratum: Heat-assisted magnetic recording by a near-field transducer with efficient optical energy transfer journal, May 2009

Near-field Thermal Radiation Between Two Closely Spaced Glass Plates Exceeding Planck’s Blackbody Radiation Law text, January 2008

Vacuum-induced phonon transfer between two solid dielectric materials: Illustrating the case of Casimir force coupling journal, September 2014

Resistance thermometry-based picowatt-resolution heat-flow calorimeter journal, April 2013

Graphene-on-Silicon Near-Field Thermophotovoltaic Cell journal, September 2014

Formation of a Metallic Contact: Jump to Contact Revisited journal, May 2007

Graphene-based photovoltaic cells for near-field thermal energy conversion text, January 2012

Phonon transport across a vacuum gap journal, January 2012

Removal of self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold by plasma cleaning journal, December 2005

Thermal Infrared Near-Field Spectroscopy journal, February 2012

Demonstration of Strong Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Integrated Nanostructures journal, November 2014

Thermal Impacts on the Performance of Nanoscale-Gap Thermophotovoltaic Power Generators journal, June 2011

Surface Phonon Polaritons Mediated Energy Transfer between Nanoscale Gaps journal, August 2009

Ultra-High Vacuum Scanning Thermal Microscopy for Nanometer Resolution Quantitative Thermometry journal, May 2012

Near-field heat transfer in a scanning thermal microscope text, January 2011

Near-Field Heat Transfer in a Scanning Thermal Microscope journal, November 2005

Understanding the structure of the first atomic contact in gold journal, May 2013

Near field radiative heat transfer between two nonlocal dielectrics text, January 2015

On the role of acoustic waves (phonons) in equilibrium heat exchange across a vacuum gap journal, August 2011

Radiative heat transfer in the extreme near field journal, December 2015

Near field radiative heat transfer between two nonlocal dielectrics journal, March 2015

Phononic heat transfer across an interface: thermal boundary resistance journal, January 2011

Introduction to scanning tunneling microscopy journal, July 1994

Formation of a Metallic Contact: Jump to Contact Revisited
text, January 2006

Parallel-plate submicron gap formed by micromachined low-density pillars for near-field radiative heat transfer
journal, February 2015

Near-field radiative heat transfer between parallel structures in the deep subwavelength regime
journal, March 2016

Surface electromagnetic waves thermally excited: Radiative heat transfer, coherence properties and Casimir forces revisited in the near field
journal, May 2005

Graphene-based photovoltaic cells for near-field thermal energy conversion
journal, March 2013

Effects of spatial dispersion in near-field radiative heat transfer between two parallel metallic surfaces
journal, January 2008

Resistance thermometry-based picowatt-resolution heat-flow calorimeter
journal, April 2013

Thermal excitation of plasmons for near-field thermophotovoltaics
text, January 2014

Near-field radiative thermal transport: From theory to experiment
journal, May 2015

Radiative heat transfer in the extreme near field
journal, December 2015

Fluctuating surface-current formulation of radiative heat transfer for arbitrary geometries
text, January 2012

Enhancement of near-field radiative heat transfer using polar dielectric thin films
journal, February 2015

Enhanced Near-Field Heat Flow of a Monolayer Dielectric Island
journal, March 2013

Phononic heat transfer across an interface: thermal boundary resistance
journal, January 2011

Radiative heat transfer exceeding the blackbody limit between macroscale planar surfaces separated by a nanosize vacuum gap
journal, September 2016

Surface Phonon Polaritons Mediated Energy Transfer between Nanoscale Gaps
journal, August 2009

Phonon-assisted heat transfer between vacuum-separated surfaces
journal, August 2016

Surface Electromagnetic Waves Thermally Excited: Radiative Heat Transfer, Coherence Properties and Casimir Forces Revisited in the Near Field
text, January 2005

Demonstration of Strong Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Integrated Nanostructures
journal, November 2014

Thermal Infrared Near-Field Spectroscopy
journal, February 2012

Efficient Computation of Power, Force, and Torque in BEM Scattering Calculations
journal, August 2015

Apparent Barrier Height in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Revisited
journal, February 1996

Performance analysis of near-field thermophotovoltaic devices considering absorption distribution
journal, January 2008

Surface modes for near field thermophotovoltaics
journal, May 2003

Ultra-High Vacuum Scanning Thermal Microscopy for Nanometer Resolution Quantitative Thermometry
journal, May 2012

Heat dissipation in atomic-scale junctions
journal, June 2013

Near-field thermal radiation between doped silicon plates at nanoscale gaps
journal, May 2015

Near-field radiative heat transfer between macroscopic planar surfaces
text, January 2011

Heat-assisted magnetic recording by a near-field transducer with efficient optical energy transfer
journal, March 2009

Removal of self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold by plasma cleaning
journal, December 2005

On the role of acoustic waves (phonons) in equilibrium heat exchange across a vacuum gap
journal, August 2011

Thermal excitation of plasmons for near-field thermophotovoltaics
journal, August 2014

Vacuum induced phonon transfer between two solid dielectric materials: Illustrating the case of Casimir force coupling
text, January 2014

Transition from near-field thermal radiation to phonon heat conduction at sub-nanometre gaps
journal, April 2015

Radiative heat conductances between dielectric and metallic parallel plates with nanoscale gaps
journal, March 2016

Near-field thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
journal, September 2006

Fluctuating-surface-current formulation of radiative heat transfer for arbitrary geometries
journal, December 2012

Fluctuating-surface-current formulation of radiative heat transfer: Theory and applications
journal, August 2013

Radiative heat transfer at the nanoscale
journal, August 2009

Review of near-field thermal radiation and its application to energy conversion
journal, October 2009

Radiative exchange of heat between nanostructures
journal, August 1999

Graphene-based photovoltaic cells for near-field thermal energy conversion
journal, March 2013

Thermal radiation scanning tunnelling microscopy
journal, December 2006

Theory of Radiative Heat Transfer between Closely Spaced Bodies
journal, November 1971

Formation of a Metallic Contact: Jump to Contact Revisited
text, January 2006

Thermal radiation scanning tunnelling microscopy
journal, December 2006

Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Macroscopic Planar Surfaces
journal, June 2011

Surface Modes for Near Field Thermophotovoltaics
text, January 2003

Near-field thermal radiation between two closely spaced glass plates exceeding Planck’s blackbody radiation law
journal, March 2008

Phonon Transport Across a Vacuum Gap
text, January 2012

Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
journal, June 1994

Transition from near-field thermal radiation to phonon heat conduction at sub-nanometre gaps
journal, April 2015

Near-field radiative heat transfer between parallel structures in the deep subwavelength regime
journal, March 2016

Direct measurement of molecular attraction between solids separated by a narrow gap
journal, January 1956

Erratum: Heat-assisted magnetic recording by a near-field transducer with efficient optical energy transfer
journal, May 2009

Near-field Thermal Radiation Between Two Closely Spaced Glass Plates Exceeding Planck’s Blackbody Radiation Law
text, January 2008

Vacuum-induced phonon transfer between two solid dielectric materials: Illustrating the case of Casimir force coupling
journal, September 2014

Resistance thermometry-based picowatt-resolution heat-flow calorimeter
journal, April 2013

Graphene-on-Silicon Near-Field Thermophotovoltaic Cell
journal, September 2014

Formation of a Metallic Contact: Jump to Contact Revisited
journal, May 2007

Graphene-based photovoltaic cells for near-field thermal energy conversion
text, January 2012

Phonon transport across a vacuum gap
journal, January 2012

Removal of self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold by plasma cleaning
journal, December 2005

Thermal Infrared Near-Field Spectroscopy
journal, February 2012

Demonstration of Strong Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Integrated Nanostructures
journal, November 2014

Thermal Impacts on the Performance of Nanoscale-Gap Thermophotovoltaic Power Generators
journal, June 2011

Surface Phonon Polaritons Mediated Energy Transfer between Nanoscale Gaps
journal, August 2009

Ultra-High Vacuum Scanning Thermal Microscopy for Nanometer Resolution Quantitative Thermometry
journal, May 2012

Near-field heat transfer in a scanning thermal microscope
text, January 2011

Near-Field Heat Transfer in a Scanning Thermal Microscope
journal, November 2005

Understanding the structure of the first atomic contact in gold
journal, May 2013

Near field radiative heat transfer between two nonlocal dielectrics
text, January 2015

On the role of acoustic waves (phonons) in equilibrium heat exchange across a vacuum gap
journal, August 2011

Radiative heat transfer in the extreme near field
journal, December 2015

Near field radiative heat transfer between two nonlocal dielectrics
journal, March 2015

Phononic heat transfer across an interface: thermal boundary resistance
journal, January 2011

Introduction to scanning tunneling microscopy
journal, July 1994

Direct measurement of molecular attraction between solids separated by a narrow gap
journal, May 1992

Quantification of thermal and contact resistances of scanning thermal probes
journal, November 2014

Quantized thermal transport in single-atom junctions
journal, February 2017