DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Invited Review Article: Gas puff imaging diagnostics of edge plasma turbulence in magnetic fusion devices

Abstract

Gas puff imaging (GPI) is a diagnostic of plasma turbulence which uses a puff of neutral gas at the plasma edge to increase the local visible light emission for improved space-time resolution of plasma fluctuations. This paper reviews gas puff imaging diagnostics of edge plasma turbulence in magnetic fusion research, with a focus on the instrumentation, diagnostic cross-checks, and interpretation issues. The gas puff imaging hardware, optics, and detectors are described for about 10 GPI systems implemented over the past similar to 15 years. Comparison of GPI results with other edge turbulence diagnostic results is described, and many common features are observed. Here, several issues in the interpretation of GPI measurements are discussed, and potential improvements in hardware and modeling are suggested.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [3]
  1. Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
  2. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  3. X Science LLC, Plainsboro, NJ (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
Contributing Org.:
X Science LLC, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536, USA; MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
OSTI Identifier:
1358663
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1361840
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-09CH11466; FC02-99ER54512-CMOD
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Review of Scientific Instruments
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 88; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; alcator c-mod; scrape-off-layer; neutral transport simulations; collisional-radiative models; diii-d tokamak; asdex upgrade; divertor; plasmas; line radiation; rfx-mod; helium; instruments & instrumentation

Citation Formats

Zweben, S. J., Terry, J. L., Stotler, D. P., and Maqueda, R. J. Invited Review Article: Gas puff imaging diagnostics of edge plasma turbulence in magnetic fusion devices. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4981873.
Zweben, S. J., Terry, J. L., Stotler, D. P., & Maqueda, R. J. Invited Review Article: Gas puff imaging diagnostics of edge plasma turbulence in magnetic fusion devices. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4981873
Zweben, S. J., Terry, J. L., Stotler, D. P., and Maqueda, R. J. Thu . "Invited Review Article: Gas puff imaging diagnostics of edge plasma turbulence in magnetic fusion devices". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4981873. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1358663.
@article{osti_1358663,
title = {Invited Review Article: Gas puff imaging diagnostics of edge plasma turbulence in magnetic fusion devices},
author = {Zweben, S. J. and Terry, J. L. and Stotler, D. P. and Maqueda, R. J.},
abstractNote = {Gas puff imaging (GPI) is a diagnostic of plasma turbulence which uses a puff of neutral gas at the plasma edge to increase the local visible light emission for improved space-time resolution of plasma fluctuations. This paper reviews gas puff imaging diagnostics of edge plasma turbulence in magnetic fusion research, with a focus on the instrumentation, diagnostic cross-checks, and interpretation issues. The gas puff imaging hardware, optics, and detectors are described for about 10 GPI systems implemented over the past similar to 15 years. Comparison of GPI results with other edge turbulence diagnostic results is described, and many common features are observed. Here, several issues in the interpretation of GPI measurements are discussed, and potential improvements in hardware and modeling are suggested.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4981873},
journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments},
number = 4,
volume = 88,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Thu Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 56 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Electron- and photon-impact atomic ionisation
journal, November 2012


Interpretation of fast measurements of plasma potential, temperature and density in SOL of ASDEX Upgrade
journal, August 2010


Plasma fluctuation measurements in tokamaks using beam‐plasma interactions
journal, November 1990

  • Fonck, R. J.; Duperrex, P. A.; Paul, S. F.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 61, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1141556

Transport phenomena in the edge of Alcator C-Mod plasmas
journal, October 2005


Studies of blob formation, propagation and transport mechanisms in basic experimental plasmas (TORPEX and CSDX)
journal, April 2009


Radial localization of edge modes in Alcator C-Mod pedestals using optical diagnostics
journal, January 2017

  • Theiler, C.; Terry, J. L.; Edlund, E.
  • Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6587/aa52e5

Impact of different confinement regimes on the two-dimensional structure of edge turbulence
journal, November 2006


Avalanche photodiode based detector for beam emission spectroscopy
journal, October 2010

  • Dunai, D.; Zoletnik, S.; Sárközi, J.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 81, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3488458

Comparison of velocimetry techniques for turbulent structures in gas-puff imaging data
journal, February 2016

  • Sierchio, J. M.; Cziegler, I.; Terry, J. L.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4939672

Ion-cyclotron range of frequencies in the scrape-off-layer: fine structure radial electric fields
journal, September 2012


Wide-field turbulence imaging with beam emission spectroscopy
journal, October 2010

  • McKee, G. R.; Fonck, R. J.; Shafer, M. W.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 81, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3495788

High speed cine film studies of plasma behaviour and plasma surface interactions in tokamaks
journal, November 1982


High resolution 3D gas-jet characterization
journal, August 2011

  • Landgraf, Björn; Schnell, Michael; Sävert, Alexander
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 82, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3624694

Observation of quasi-coherent edge fluctuations in Ohmic plasmas on National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, April 2016

  • Banerjee, Santanu; Diallo, A.; Zweben, S. J.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4946871

Experimental investigation of the parallel structure of fluctuations in the scrape-off layer of Alcator C-Mod
journal, March 2014


Comparison of beam emission spectroscopy and gas puff imaging edge fluctuation measurements in National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, May 2015

  • Sechrest, Y.; Smith, D.; Stotler, D. P.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4921215

Visible imaging of edge fluctuations in the TFTR tokamak
journal, October 1989

  • Zweben, S. J.; Medley, S. S.
  • Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.859070

Convergent close-coupling calculations of electron-hydrogen scattering
journal, December 1992


Relations between light emission and electron density and temperature fluctuations in a helium plasma
journal, August 2011

  • Ma, Shuiliang; Howard, John; Thapar, Nandika
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3620403

The Turbulent Alfvénic Aurora
journal, April 2008


Operation of the gas-puff imaging diagnostic in the RFX-mod device
journal, October 2006

  • Agostini, M.; Cavazzana, R.; Scarin, P.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2229272

Mean flows and blob velocities in scrape-off layer (SOLT) simulations of an L-mode discharge on Alcator C-Mod
journal, June 2016

  • Russell, D. A.; Myra, J. R.; D'Ippolito, D. A.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4953419

Direct evidence of eddy breaking and tilting by edge sheared flows observed in the TEXTOR tokamak
journal, March 2012


Time-dependent analysis of visible helium line-ratios for electron temperature and density diagnostic using synthetic simulations on NSTX-U
journal, July 2016

  • Muñoz Burgos, J. M.; Barbui, T.; Schmitz, O.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4955286

Edge turbulence measurements in NSTX by gas puff imaging
journal, January 2001

  • Maqueda, R. J.; Wurden, G. A.; Zweben, S.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 72, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1321009

A collisional-radiative model for helium and its application to a discharge plasma
journal, May 1979


Fast Thermal Helium Beam diagnostic for measurements of edge electron profiles and fluctuations
journal, December 2015

  • Agostini, M.; Scarin, P.; Cavazzana, R.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4939003

Edge transport studies in the edge and scrape-off layer of the National Spherical Torus Experiment with Langmuir probes
journal, April 2014

  • Boedo, J. A.; Myra, J. R.; Zweben, S.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4873390

Measurements and simulations of low-wavenumber pedestal turbulence in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, October 2013


Comparison of scrape-off layer turbulence simulations with experiments using a synthetic gas puff imaging diagnostic
journal, February 2011

  • Russell, D. A.; Myra, J. R.; D’Ippolito, D. A.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3553024

Edge and SOL turbulence and blob variations over a large database in NSTX
journal, September 2015


Comparison of edge turbulence imaging at two different poloidal locations in the scrape-off layer of Alcator C-Mod
journal, July 2013

  • Zweben, S. J.; Terry, J. L.; Agostini, M.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4813758

Practical selection of emission lines of He I to determine the photon absorption rate
journal, February 2011

  • Kajita, Shin; Ohno, Noriyasu
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 82, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3548923

Fast imaging of filaments in the X-point region of Alcator C-Mod
journal, August 2017


Characterization of neutral density profile in a wide range of pressure of cylindrical pulsed gas jets
journal, June 2000

  • Malka, V.; Coulaud, C.; Geindre, J. P.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 71, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1150619

Reduced model simulations of the scrape-off-layer heat-flux width and comparison with experiment
journal, January 2011

  • Myra, J. R.; Russell, D. A.; D’Ippolito, D. A.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3526676

Plasma rotation from momentum transport by neutrals in tokamaks
journal, September 2016


Collisional-radiative models with molecules
journal, July 2001

  • Greenland, P. T.
  • Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 457, Issue 2012
  • DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2001.0788

Investigation of plasma edge turbulence using a gas-puff imaging system in the reversed-field pinch device TPE-RX
journal, January 2007


New Edge Coherent Mode Providing Continuous Transport in Long-Pulse H-mode Plasmas
journal, May 2014


Hydrogen molecules in the divertor of ASDEX Upgrade
journal, March 2001


High-speed imaging of edge turbulence in NSTX
journal, December 2003


Imaging of turbulent structures and tomographic reconstruction of TORPEX plasma emissivity
journal, December 2010

  • Iraji, D.; Furno, I.; Fasoli, A.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3523052

The beam emission spectroscopy diagnostic on the DIII-D tokamak
journal, January 1999

  • McKee, G.; Ashley, R.; Durst, R.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 70, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1149416

Comparison of He I line intensity ratio method and electrostatic probe for electron density and temperature measurements in NAGDIS-II
journal, January 2006

  • Kajita, Shin; Ohno, Noriyasu; Takamura, Shuichi
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2164461

Investigation of gas puff induced fluctuation suppression in ADITYA tokamak
journal, August 2009


Effects of edge plasma turbulence on radial correlation length measurements with BES
journal, October 1992

  • Gianakon, T. A.; Fonck, R. J.; Callen, J. D.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 63, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1143553

Vibrational population of the ground state of H2 and D2 in the divertor of ASDEX Upgrade
journal, March 2001


Flow and shear behavior in the edge and scrape-off layer of L-mode plasmas in National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, January 2011

  • Sechrest, Y.; Munsat, T.; D’Ippolito, D. A.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3533435

Dynamical programming based turbulence velocimetry for fast visible imaging of tokamak plasma
journal, March 2015

  • Banerjee, Santanu; Zushi, H.; Nishino, N.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4914838

Optical imaging of edge turbulence in the caltech tokamak
journal, June 1983


The influence of plasma edge dynamics on blob properties in the stellarator TJ-K
journal, October 2013


Characterization of the blob generation region and blobby transport in a stellarator
journal, April 2016


Quiet periods in edge turbulence preceding the L-H transition in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, October 2010

  • Zweben, S. J.; Maqueda, R. J.; Hager, R.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3476276

Modification of plasma flows with gas puff in the scrape-off layer of ADITYA tokamak
journal, June 2013

  • Sangwan, Deepak; Jha, Ratneshwar; Brotankova, Jana
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4811476

Interpretation of Plasma Fluctuation Data from Combination Measurement of a Perpendicular-View Camera and a Langmuir Probe in Heliotron J
journal, November 2015

  • Zang, L.; Mizuuchi, T.; Nishino, N.
  • Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 68, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.13182/FST14-862

New insights on boundary plasma turbulence and the quasi-coherent mode in Alcator C-Mod using a Mirror Langmuir Probe
journal, May 2014

  • LaBombard, B.; Golfinopoulos, T.; Terry, J. L.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4873918

Determination of the optical escape factor in the He I line intensity ratio technique applied for weakly ionized plasmas
journal, April 2007


Role of stochasticity in turbulence and convective intermittent transport at the scrape off layer of Ohmic plasma in QUEST
journal, July 2014

  • Banerjee, Santanu; Zushi, H.; Nishino, N.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4890359

Waves and Turbulence in a Tokamak Fusion Plasma
journal, August 1983


Hydrogen recycling with multistep and resonance line absorption effects
journal, April 1992

  • Marchand, R.; Lauzon, J.
  • Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.860490

Evaluation of thermal helium beam and line-ratio fast diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade
journal, May 2016

  • Muñoz Burgos, J. M.; Agostini, M.; Scarin, P.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4948554

The influence of blobs on neutral particles in the scrape-off layer
journal, March 2016

  • Thrysøe, Alexander S.; Tophøj, Laust E. H.; Naulin, Volker
  • Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1088/0741-3335/58/4/044010

The origin of convective structures in the scrape-off layer of linear magnetic fusion devices investigated by fast imaging
journal, February 2007

  • Antar, G. Y.; Yu, J. H.; Tynan, G.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 14, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2424886

Magnetic field dependence of the blob dynamics in the edge of ASDEX upgrade L-mode plasmas
journal, June 2014


Edge plasma behavior in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror based on gas puff imaging experiments with a high-speed camera
journal, June 2007


Zonal flow production in the L–H transition in Alcator C-Mod
journal, May 2014


Fluctuating zonal flows in the I-mode regime in Alcator C-Mod
journal, May 2013

  • Cziegler, I.; Diamond, P. H.; Fedorczak, N.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4803914

Fluctuating Helium Emission in Optically Thick Divertor Plasmas
journal, March 2008

  • Rosmej, F. B.; Ohno, N.; Takamura, S.
  • Contributions to Plasma Physics, Vol. 48, Issue 1-3
  • DOI: 10.1002/ctpp.200810042

Incorporating Line Radiation Effects into Edge Plasma Codes
journal, April 2004

  • Scott, Howard A.; Adams, Mark L.
  • Contributions to Plasma Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1002/ctpp.200410008

Inter-ELM filaments and turbulent transport in the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak
journal, January 2009


Towards radiation transport modelling in divertors with the EIRENE code
journal, August 2002


Study of the L–I–H transition with a new dual gas puff imaging system in the EAST superconducting tokamak
journal, December 2013


Edge turbulence in RFX-mod virtual-shell discharges
journal, June 2007


Density fluctuation phenomena in the scrape-off layer and edge plasma of the Wendelstein 7-AS stellarator
journal, November 1999

  • Zoletnik, S.; Anton, M.; Endler, M.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.873691

Edge turbulence scaling in RFX-mod as measured using GPI diagnostic
journal, June 2009


Electrostatic instabilities, turbulence and fast ion interactions in the TORPEX device
journal, November 2010


Experimental studies of edge turbulence and confinement in Alcator C-Mod
journal, May 2010

  • Cziegler, I.; Terry, J. L.; Hughes, J. W.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3421577

Molecular and Atomic Deuterium in the Plasma Edge of TEXTOR-94
journal, November 2002


Experiments and simulation of edge turbulence and filaments in MAST
journal, November 2008


Molecular contribution to the Dα emission in the divertor of the ASDEX Upgrade experiment
journal, July 2007

  • Menmuir, S.; Rachlew, E.; Fantz, U.
  • Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 105, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2006.12.004

Turbulence in the SOL of ASDEX and W7-AS
journal, May 1995


Turbulence studies by fast camera imaging experiments in the TJII stellarator
journal, June 2009


Development of the gas-puff imaging diagnostic in the TEXTOR tokamak
journal, May 2013

  • Shesterikov, I.; Xu, Y.; Berte, M.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 84, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4803934

Midplane neutral density profiles in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, August 2015

  • Stotler, D. P.; Scotti, F.; Bell, R. E.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4928372

New dual gas puff imaging system with up-down symmetry on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak
journal, December 2012

  • Liu, S. C.; Shao, L. M.; Zweben, S. J.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4770122

Application of the collisional-radiative, atomic-molecular model to the recombining divertor plasma
journal, November 1996


Two-dimensional imaging of edge plasma electron density and temperature by the passive helium emission ratio technique in TJ-II
journal, May 2011


Observations of the turbulence in the scrape-off-layer of Alcator C-Mod and comparisons with simulation
journal, May 2003

  • Terry, J. L.; Zweben, S. J.; Hallatschek, K.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 10, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1564090

Blob properties in L- and H-mode from gas-puff imaging in ASDEX upgrade
journal, October 2014


Comparison of scrape-off layer turbulence in Alcator C-Mod with three dimensional gyrofluid computations
journal, August 2009

  • Zweben, S. J.; Scott, B. D.; Terry, J. L.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3191721

Diagnostics for the biased electrode experiment on NSTX
journal, October 2008

  • Roquemore, A. L.; Zweben, S. J.; Kaita, R.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 79, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2981166

Spatial structure of scrape-off-layer filaments near the midplane and X-point regions of Alcator-C-Mod
journal, June 2009


Spectroscopic determination of impurity influx from localized surfaces
journal, December 1989


Electrostatic turbulence in the edge of TPE-RX and driving mechanisms
journal, July 2008


A coarse-grained transport model for neutral particles in turbulent plasmas
journal, December 2012

  • Mekkaoui, A.; Marandet, Y.; Reiter, D.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4771688

Recombination in dense plasmas
journal, October 1975


Effect of edge neutrals on the low-to-high confinement transition threshold in the DIII-D tokamak
journal, July 1998

  • Carreras, B. A.; Owen, L. W.; Maingi, R.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.872949

Impurity plume experiments in the edge plasma of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, September 2004


The influence of opacity on hydrogen excited-state population and applications to low-temperature plasmas
journal, February 2000


Comparison of 3D flux-driven scrape-off layer turbulence simulations with gas-puff imaging of Alcator C-Mod inner-wall limited discharges
journal, April 2015


Edge turbulence imaging in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, May 2002

  • Zweben, S. J.; Stotler, D. P.; Terry, J. L.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1445179

SOL turbulence and the interpretation of BES and GPI experiments
journal, August 2015


Spatiotemporal mode structure of nonlinearly coupled drift wave modes
journal, November 2011


Visible imaging of turbulence in the SOL of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
journal, March 2001


Progress towards the validation of models of the behavior of neutral helium in gas puff imaging experiments
journal, June 2007


Gas-jet target for cluster fragmentation induced by high velocity collision
journal, July 1995

  • Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Gaillard, M. J.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 101, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/0168-583x(95)00374-6

Edge turbulence characterization in RFX-mod with optical diagnostics
journal, September 2009


Three-Dimensional Neutral Transport Simulations of Gas Puff Imaging Experiments
journal, April 2004

  • Stotler, D. P.; D'Ippolito, D. A.; LeBlanc, B.
  • Contributions to Plasma Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1002/ctpp.200410045

Contributed Review: The novel gas puff targets for laser-matter interaction experiments
journal, September 2016

  • Wachulak, Przemyslaw W.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4962012

Direct extraction of coherent mode properties from imaging measurements in a linear plasma column
journal, August 2013

  • Light, A. D.; Thakur, S. C.; Brandt, C.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4818148

Application of magnetically-broadened hydrogenic line profiles to computational modeling of a plasma experiment
journal, October 2001

  • Adams, M. L.; Scott, H. A.; Lee, R. W.
  • Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 71, Issue 2-6
  • DOI: 10.1016/s0022-4073(01)00061-9

Helium I line intensity ratios in a plasma for the diagnostics of fusion edge plasmas
journal, October 1996

  • Sasaki, Satoshi; Takamura, Shuichi; Watanabe, Shinichi
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 67, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1147060

Bispectral analysis of low- to high-confinement mode transitions in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, July 2006

  • White, A. E.; Zweben, S. J.; Burin, M. J.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2215439

Collisional-Radiative Models Re-examined
journal, January 1998


Influence of neutral particles on scrape-off layer turbulence with application to the interpretation of fast camera data
journal, July 2013


Neutral Gas Transport Modeling with DEGAS 2
journal, January 1994


Gas puff imaging of edge turbulence (invited)
journal, March 2003

  • Maqueda, R. J.; Wurden, G. A.; Stotler, D. P.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 74, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1535249

Effect of hydrogen line radiation on the divertor target plate incident heat flux
journal, April 2004


Volume recombination and opacity in Alcator C-Mod divertor plasmas
journal, May 1998

  • Terry, J. L.; Lipschultz, B.; Pigarov, A. Yu.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.872845

Application of 2D tomographic imaging techniques to edge turbulence in RFX-mod
journal, November 2007

  • Serianni, Gianluigi; Agostini, Matteo; Cavazzana, Roberto
  • Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1088/0741-3335/49/12/010

Characterization of the Li-BES at ASDEX Upgrade
journal, January 2014


Nonlinear transfer in heated L-modes approaching the L–H transition threshold in Alcator C-Mod
journal, June 2015


Double imaging with an intensified visible fast camera to visualize the fine structure of turbulent coherent plasma structures (blobs) in TJ-II
journal, August 2014


Derivation of time-dependent two-dimensional velocity field maps for plasma turbulence studies
journal, October 2006

  • Munsat, T.; Zweben, S. J.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2356851

Influence of temperature fluctuations on plasma turbulence investigations with Langmuir probes
journal, June 2012


Edge turbulence measurement in Heliotron J using a combination of hybrid probe system and fast cameras
journal, July 2013


Comparison of BES measurements of ion-scale turbulence with direct gyro-kinetic simulations of MAST L-mode plasmas
journal, January 2014


Numerical modelling of high density JET divertor plasma with the SOLPS4.2 (B2-EIRENE) code
journal, September 2008


Optical and electrical diagnostics for the investigation of edge turbulence in fusion plasmas
journal, October 2004

  • Cavazzana, R.; Scarin, P.; Serianni, G.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 75, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1789589

A new hybrid-Lagrangian numerical scheme for gyrokinetic simulation of tokamak edge plasma
journal, June 2016


The appearance and propagation of filaments in the private flux region in Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak
journal, September 2015

  • Harrison, J. R.; Fishpool, G. M.; Thornton, A. J.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4929924

Role of neutral gas in scrape-off layer of tokamak plasma in the presence of finite electron temperature and its gradient
journal, September 2016


Parallel and perpendicular structure of the edge turbulence in a three-dimensional magnetic field
journal, July 2014


Neutral transport simulations of gas puff imaging experiments
journal, March 2003


Statistical features of coherent structures at increasing magnetic field pitch investigated using fast imaging in QUEST
journal, November 2012


Effect of a deuterium gas puff on the edge plasma in NSTX
journal, July 2014


Primary edge localized mode filament structure in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
journal, May 2009

  • Maqueda, R. J.; Maingi, R.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3085798

Status of the COMPASS tokamak and characterization of the first H-mode
journal, October 2015


Measurements and modelling of electrostatic fluctuations in the scrape-off layer of ASDEX
journal, November 1995


Convective transport by intermittent blob-filaments: Comparison of theory and experiment
journal, June 2011

  • D’Ippolito, D. A.; Myra, J. R.; Zweben, S. J.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3594609

Plasma rotation from momentum transport by neutrals in tokamaks
text, January 2016


Gas Puff Imaging Diagnostics of Edge Plasma Turbulence in Magnetic Fusion Devices
dataset, January 2017

  • Zweben, S.; Terry, J.; Stotler, D.
  • Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
  • DOI: 10.11578/1562076

Works referencing / citing this record:

Helium line ratio spectroscopy for high spatiotemporal resolution plasma edge profile measurements at ASDEX Upgrade (invited)
journal, October 2018

  • Griener, M.; Wolfrum, E.; Cavedon, M.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5034446

Blob wakes in NSTX
journal, July 2019

  • Zweben, S. J.; Myra, J. R.; Diallo, A.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5094872

Disconnection of scrape off layer turbulence between the outer midplane and divertor target plate in NSTX
journal, December 2019


Gas Puff Imaging Diagnostics of Edge Plasma Turbulence in Magnetic Fusion Devices
dataset, January 2017

  • Zweben, S.; Terry, J.; Stotler, D.
  • Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
  • DOI: 10.11578/1562076

Plasma particle sources due to interactions with neutrals in a turbulent scrape-off layer of a toroidally confined plasma
journal, March 2018

  • Thrysøe, A. S.; Løiten, M.; Madsen, J.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5019662

Extracting the turbulent flow-field from beam emission spectroscopy images using velocimetry
journal, October 2018

  • Kriete, D. M.; McKee, G. R.; Fonck, R. J.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5036535

2D scrape-off layer turbulence measurement using Deuterium beam emission spectroscopy on KSTAR
journal, April 2018

  • Lampert, M.; Zoletnik, S.; Bak, J. G.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5017295

Intermittent fluctuations in the Alcator C-Mod scrape-off layer for ohmic and high confinement mode plasmas
journal, May 2018

  • Garcia, O. E.; Kube, R.; Theodorsen, A.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5018709

Blob-hole correlation model for edge turbulence and comparisons with NSTX gas puff imaging data
journal, June 2018

  • Myra, J. R.; Zweben, S. J.; Russell, D. A.
  • Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 60, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6587/aac4fc

Divertor leg filaments in NSTX-U
journal, October 2018