Impact of ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreatment on energy consumption during drying, grinding, and pelletization of corn stover
Abstract
Pretreatment and densification of biomass can increase the viability of bioenergy production by providing a feedstock that is readily hydrolyzed and able to be transported greater distances. Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) is one such method targeted for use at distributed depots to create a value-added and densified feedstock for bioenergy use. However, the pretreatment process results in a high-moisture material that must be dried, further size reduced, and pelletized; all of which are energy intensive processes. This work quantifies the energy consumption required to dry, grind, and densify AFEX pretreated corn stover compared to non-pretreated stover and explores the potential of reduced drying as a means to conserve energy. The purpose of this work is to understand whether material property changes resulting from AFEX pretreatment influence the material performance in downstream formatting operations. Material properties, heat balance equations, and a rotary drum dryer model were used to model a commercial scale rotary drum dryer for AFEX pretreated corn stover, showing the potential to reduce dryer energy consumption by up to 36% compared to non-pretreated corn stover. Laboratory measured grinding and pelleting energies were both very sensitive to material moisture content. Overall, the total energy required for drying, grinding, and pelletingmore »
- Authors:
-
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1357243
- Report Number(s):
- INL/JOU-15-35699
Journal ID: ISSN 0737-3937
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC07-05ID14517
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Drying Technology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 34; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0737-3937
- Publisher:
- Taylor & Francis
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 09 BIOMASS FUELS; AFEX; biomass; corn stover; rotary dryer; energy analysis; heat and mass transfer; mathematical modeling
Citation Formats
Bonner, Ian Jeffery, Thompson, David N., Plummer, Mitchell, Dee, Matthew, Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar, Pace, David, Teymouri, Farzaneh, Campbell, Timothy, and Bals, Bryan. Impact of ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreatment on energy consumption during drying, grinding, and pelletization of corn stover. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1080/07373937.2015.1112809.
Bonner, Ian Jeffery, Thompson, David N., Plummer, Mitchell, Dee, Matthew, Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar, Pace, David, Teymouri, Farzaneh, Campbell, Timothy, & Bals, Bryan. Impact of ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreatment on energy consumption during drying, grinding, and pelletization of corn stover. United States. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2015.1112809
Bonner, Ian Jeffery, Thompson, David N., Plummer, Mitchell, Dee, Matthew, Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar, Pace, David, Teymouri, Farzaneh, Campbell, Timothy, and Bals, Bryan. Fri .
"Impact of ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreatment on energy consumption during drying, grinding, and pelletization of corn stover". United States. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2015.1112809. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1357243.
@article{osti_1357243,
title = {Impact of ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreatment on energy consumption during drying, grinding, and pelletization of corn stover},
author = {Bonner, Ian Jeffery and Thompson, David N. and Plummer, Mitchell and Dee, Matthew and Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar and Pace, David and Teymouri, Farzaneh and Campbell, Timothy and Bals, Bryan},
abstractNote = {Pretreatment and densification of biomass can increase the viability of bioenergy production by providing a feedstock that is readily hydrolyzed and able to be transported greater distances. Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) is one such method targeted for use at distributed depots to create a value-added and densified feedstock for bioenergy use. However, the pretreatment process results in a high-moisture material that must be dried, further size reduced, and pelletized; all of which are energy intensive processes. This work quantifies the energy consumption required to dry, grind, and densify AFEX pretreated corn stover compared to non-pretreated stover and explores the potential of reduced drying as a means to conserve energy. The purpose of this work is to understand whether material property changes resulting from AFEX pretreatment influence the material performance in downstream formatting operations. Material properties, heat balance equations, and a rotary drum dryer model were used to model a commercial scale rotary drum dryer for AFEX pretreated corn stover, showing the potential to reduce dryer energy consumption by up to 36% compared to non-pretreated corn stover. Laboratory measured grinding and pelleting energies were both very sensitive to material moisture content. Overall, the total energy required for drying, grinding, and pelleting amounts to a savings of up to 20 kWh/dry ton for the AFEX pretreated material when dried to a low moisture content, equating to up to 0.55 /kg savings for gas and electricity. Grinding and pelleting of high moisture AFEX pretreated stover was shown to be more costly than the savings collected through reduced drying. Furthermore, while the energy and cost savings shown here are modest, the results help to highlight operational challenges and opportunities for continued improvement.},
doi = {10.1080/07373937.2015.1112809},
journal = {Drying Technology},
number = 11,
volume = 34,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Fri Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Pelleting of Pine and Switchgrass Blends: Effect of Process Variables and Blend Ratio on the Pellet Quality and Energy Consumption
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