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Title: Fermi-LAT Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Toward the Galactic Center

Abstract

The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has provided the most detailed view to date of the emission towards the Galactic centre (GC) in high-energy γ-rays. This paper describes the analysis of data taken during the first 62 months of the mission in the energy range 1 - 100 GeV from a 15° X15° region about the direction of the GC, and implications for the interstellar emissions produced by cosmic ray (CR) particles interacting with the gas and radiation fields in the inner Galaxy and for the point sources detected. Specialised interstellar emission models (IEMs) are constructed that enable separation of the γ-ray emission from the inner ~ 1 kpc about the GC from the fore- and background emission from the Galaxy. Based on these models, the interstellar emission from CR electrons interacting with the interstellar radiation field via the inverse Compton (IC) process and CR nuclei inelastically scattering off the gas producing γ-rays via π⁰ decays from the inner ~ 1 kpc is determined. The IC contribution is found to be dominant in the region and strongly enhanced compared to previous studies. A catalog of point sources for the 15 °X 15 °region is self-consistently constructed using these IEMs: themore » First Fermi–LAT Inner Galaxy point source Catalog (1FIG). The spatial locations, fluxes, and spectral properties of the 1FIG sources are presented, and compared with γ-ray point sources over the same region taken from existing catalogs, including the Third Fermi–LAT Source Catalog (3FGL). In general, the spatial density of 1FIG sources differs from those in the 3FGL, which is attributed to the different treatments of the interstellar emission and energy ranges used by the respective analyses. Three 1FIG sources are found to spatially overlap with supernova remnants (SNRs) listed in Green’s SNR catalog; these SNRs have not previously been associated with high-energy γ-ray sources. Most 3FGL sources with known multi-wavelength counterparts are also found. However, the majority of 1FIG point sources are unassociated. After subtracting the interstellar emission and point-source contributions from the data a residual is found that is a sub-dominant fraction of the total flux. But, it is brighter than the γ-ray emission associated with interstellar gas in the inner ~ 1 kpc derived for the IEMs used in this paper, and comparable to the integrated brightness of the point sources in the region for energies & 3 GeV. If spatial templates that peak toward the GC are used to model the positive residual and included in the total model for the 1515°X° region, the agreement with the data improves, but they do not account for all the residual structure. The spectrum of the positive residual modelled with these templates has a strong dependence on the choice of IEM.« less

Authors:
 [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Clemson Univ., SC (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1355678
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 819; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Citation Formats

Ajello, M. Fermi-LAT Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Toward the Galactic Center. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/44.
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Ajello, M. Fermi-LAT Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Toward the Galactic Center. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/44
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Ajello, M. Fri . "Fermi-LAT Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Toward the Galactic Center". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/44. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1355678.
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@article{osti_1355678,
title = {Fermi-LAT Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Toward the Galactic Center},
author = {Ajello, M.},
abstractNote = {The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has provided the most detailed view to date of the emission towards the Galactic centre (GC) in high-energy γ-rays. This paper describes the analysis of data taken during the first 62 months of the mission in the energy range 1 - 100 GeV from a 15° X15° region about the direction of the GC, and implications for the interstellar emissions produced by cosmic ray (CR) particles interacting with the gas and radiation fields in the inner Galaxy and for the point sources detected. Specialised interstellar emission models (IEMs) are constructed that enable separation of the γ-ray emission from the inner ~ 1 kpc about the GC from the fore- and background emission from the Galaxy. Based on these models, the interstellar emission from CR electrons interacting with the interstellar radiation field via the inverse Compton (IC) process and CR nuclei inelastically scattering off the gas producing γ-rays via π⁰ decays from the inner ~ 1 kpc is determined. The IC contribution is found to be dominant in the region and strongly enhanced compared to previous studies. A catalog of point sources for the 15 °X 15 °region is self-consistently constructed using these IEMs: the First Fermi–LAT Inner Galaxy point source Catalog (1FIG). The spatial locations, fluxes, and spectral properties of the 1FIG sources are presented, and compared with γ-ray point sources over the same region taken from existing catalogs, including the Third Fermi–LAT Source Catalog (3FGL). In general, the spatial density of 1FIG sources differs from those in the 3FGL, which is attributed to the different treatments of the interstellar emission and energy ranges used by the respective analyses. Three 1FIG sources are found to spatially overlap with supernova remnants (SNRs) listed in Green’s SNR catalog; these SNRs have not previously been associated with high-energy γ-ray sources. Most 3FGL sources with known multi-wavelength counterparts are also found. However, the majority of 1FIG point sources are unassociated. After subtracting the interstellar emission and point-source contributions from the data a residual is found that is a sub-dominant fraction of the total flux. But, it is brighter than the γ-ray emission associated with interstellar gas in the inner ~ 1 kpc derived for the IEMs used in this paper, and comparable to the integrated brightness of the point sources in the region for energies & 3 GeV. If spatial templates that peak toward the GC are used to model the positive residual and included in the total model for the 1515°X° region, the agreement with the data improves, but they do not account for all the residual structure. The spectrum of the positive residual modelled with these templates has a strong dependence on the choice of IEM.},
doi = {10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/44},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 819,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Feb 26 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Fri Feb 26 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Galactocentric radial dependence of the spatial distribution of CR sources per unit volume. Line styles/colours: solid/black, Pulsars; dotted/ blue, OB-stars.
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    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aab26e

    Millisecond Pulsar Origin of the Galactic Center Excess and Extended Gamma-Ray Emission from Andromeda: A Closer Look
    journal, July 2018

    • Eckner, Christopher; Hou, Xian; Serpico, Pasquale D.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 862, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aac029

    A Test of MONDian Gravity in ∼300 Pressure-supported Elliptical Galaxies from the MaNGA Survey
    journal, August 2018

    • Durazo, R.; Hernandez, X.; Cervantes Sodi, B.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 863, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aacf97

    Population Syntheses of Millisecond Pulsars from the Galactic Disk and Bulge
    journal, August 2018

    • Gonthier, Peter L.; Harding, Alice K.; Ferrara, Elizabeth C.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 863, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad08d

    Gamma-Ray Emission from Molecular Clouds Generated by Penetrating Cosmic Rays
    journal, November 2018

    • Dogiel, V. A.; Chernyshov, D. O.; Ivlev, A. V.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 868, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aae827

    A Search for Pulsars in Steep-spectrum Radio Sources toward the Galactic Center
    journal, April 2019

    Possible Detection of Gamma-Rays from Epsilon Eridani
    journal, June 2019

    • Riley, Alexander H.; Strigari, Louis E.; Porter, Troy A.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 878, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1a3c

    Cosmic-Ray Propagation in Light of the Recent Observation of Geminga
    journal, July 2019

    • Jóhannesson, Guđlaugur; Porter, Troy A.; Moskalenko, Igor V.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 879, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab258e

    Fermi -LAT Observations of γ -Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31
    journal, July 2019

    • Karwin, Christopher M.; Murgia, Simona; Campbell, Sheldon
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 880, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2880

    Deciphering Residual Emissions: Time-dependent Models for the Nonthermal Interstellar Radiation from the Milky Way
    journal, December 2019

    • Porter, T. A.; Jóhannesson, G.; Moskalenko, I. V.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab5961

    Millisecond Pulsars and the Gamma-Ray Excess in Andromeda
    journal, January 2019

    • Fragione, Giacomo; Antonini, Fabio; Gnedin, Oleg Y.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 871, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aafc62

    A global fit of the γ-ray galactic center excess within the scalar singlet Higgs portal model
    text, January 2016

    Gamma-ray excess and the minimal dark matter model
    text, January 2016

    • Duerr, Michael; Pérez, Pavel Fileviez; Smirnov, Juri
    • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
    • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2016-02422

    Search for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV with missing transverse momentum and vector boson tagged jets
    text, January 2016

    • Khachatryan, Vardan; Sirunyan, Albert M.; Tumasyan, Armen
    • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
    • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2017-01317

    Estimating QCD uncertainties in Monte Carlo event generators for gamma-ray dark matter searches
    journal, May 2019

    • Amoroso, Simone; Caron, Sascha; Jueid, Adil
    • Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 05
    • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/05/007

    Galactic bulge preferred over dark matter for the Galactic centre gamma-ray excess
    text, January 2018

    • Macias, Oscar; Gordon, Chris; Crocker, Roland M.
    • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
    • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2018-02026

    Search for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV with missing transverse momentum and vector boson tagged jets
    text, January 2016

    • Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.
    • Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
    • DOI: 10.5445/ir/1000065377

    Erratum to: search for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV with missing transverse momentum and vector boson tagged jets
    text, January 2017

    • Collaboration, Cms; Florencia, Canelli, Maria; Benjamin, Kilminster,
    • Springer
    • DOI: 10.5167/uzh-140787

    Fermi-LAT Observations of Gamma-Ray Emission Towards the Outer Halo of M31
    conference, July 2019

    • Karwin, Chris; Murgia, Simona; Campbell, Sheldon
    • Proceedings of 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2019)
    • DOI: 10.22323/1.358.0570

    Gamma-Ray Excess and the Minimal Dark Matter Model
    text, January 2015

    Is The Gamma-Ray Source 3FGL J2212.5+0703 A Dark Matter Subhalo?
    text, January 2016

    A review of indirect searches for particle dark matter
    text, January 2016

    Lepton-Flavor Violating Mediators
    text, January 2016

    Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation in Recently Discovered Milky Way Satellites with Fermi-LAT
    text, January 2016

    Galactic Bulge Preferred Over Dark Matter for the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
    text, January 2016

    Augury of Darkness: The Low-Mass Dark Z' Portal
    text, January 2016

    Dark Matter's secret liaisons: phenomenology of a dark U(1) sector with bound states
    text, January 2016

    Indirect Detection of Neutrino Portal Dark Matter
    text, January 2017

    Point Sources from Dissipative Dark Matter
    text, January 2017

    The Dawn of FIMP Dark Matter: A Review of Models and Constraints
    text, January 2017

    WIMP dark matter candidates and searches - current status and future prospects
    text, January 2017

    Disrupted Globular Clusters and the Gamma-Ray Excess in the Galactic Centre
    text, January 2017

    Dark Matter Annihilation into Four-Body Final States and Implications for the AMS Antiproton Excess
    text, January 2017

    Population syntheses of millisecond pulsars from the Galactic Disk and Bulge
    text, January 2018

    Fundamental Physics with the Square Kilometre Array
    text, January 2018

    The Return of the WIMP: Missing Energy Signals and the Galactic Center Excess
    text, January 2019

    Unidentified Gamma-ray Sources as Targets for Indirect Dark Matter Detection with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope
    text, January 2019

    $Z'$ Mediated WIMPs: Dead, Dying, or Soon to be Detected?
    text, January 2019

    Spectral and spatial analysis of the dark matter subhalo candidates among Fermi Large Area Telescope unidentified sources
    text, January 2019

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