Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized p+p collisions

Huang, Jin; Kang, Zhong-Bo; Vitev, Ivan; Xing, Hongxi

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.93.014036

Title: Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized $p + p$ collisions

Abstract

We study the cross section for vector boson (W^±/Z⁰/γ^$$\star$$) production in polarized nucleon-nucleon collisions for low transverse momentum of the observed vector boson. For the case where one measures the transverse momentum and azimuthal angle of the vector bosons, we present the cross sections and the associated spin asymmetries in terms of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) at tree level within the TMD factorization formalism. To assess the feasibility of experimental measurements, we estimate the spin asymmetries forW^±/Z⁰ boson production in polarized proton-proton collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider by using current knowledge of the relevant TMDs. Here, we find that some of these asymmetries can be sizable if the suppression effect from TMD evolution is not too strong. The W program at RHIC can, thus, test and constrain spin theory by providing unique information on the universality properties of TMDs, TMD evolution, and the nucleon structure. For example, the single transverse spin asymmetries could be used to probe the well-known Sivers function f$$⊥q\atop{1T}$$, as well as the transversal helicity distribution g$$q\atop{1T}$$ via the parity-violating nature of W production.

Authors:

Huang, Jin ^[1]; Kang, Zhong-Bo ^[2]; Vitev, Ivan ^[2]; Xing, Hongxi ^[2]

Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2016

Research Org.:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

OSTI Identifier:: 1354638

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1236406

Report Number(s):: BNL-113781-2017-JA
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010; PRVDAQ

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review. D.

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 93; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Huang, Jin, Kang, Zhong-Bo, Vitev, Ivan, and Xing, Hongxi. Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized p+p collisions.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.93.014036.

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                    Huang, Jin, Kang, Zhong-Bo, Vitev, Ivan, & Xing, Hongxi. Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized p+p collisions.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.93.014036

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                    Huang, Jin, Kang, Zhong-Bo, Vitev, Ivan, and Xing, Hongxi. Thu .  
"Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized p+p collisions".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.93.014036.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1354638.

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@article{osti_1354638,

  title        = {Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized p+p collisions},

  author       = {Huang, Jin and Kang, Zhong-Bo and Vitev, Ivan and Xing, Hongxi},

  abstractNote = {We study the cross section for vector boson (W±/Z0/γ$\star$) production in polarized nucleon-nucleon collisions for low transverse momentum of the observed vector boson. For the case where one measures the transverse momentum and azimuthal angle of the vector bosons, we present the cross sections and the associated spin asymmetries in terms of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) at tree level within the TMD factorization formalism. To assess the feasibility of experimental measurements, we estimate the spin asymmetries forW±/Z0 boson production in polarized proton-proton collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider by using current knowledge of the relevant TMDs. Here, we find that some of these asymmetries can be sizable if the suppression effect from TMD evolution is not too strong. The W program at RHIC can, thus, test and constrain spin theory by providing unique information on the universality properties of TMDs, TMD evolution, and the nucleon structure. For example, the single transverse spin asymmetries could be used to probe the well-known Sivers function f$⊥q\atop{1T}$, as well as the transversal helicity distribution g$q\atop{1T}$ via the parity-violating nature of W production.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.93.014036},

  journal      = {Physical Review. D.},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 93,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2016},

  month        = {Thu Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2016}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Sivers distribution functions of sea quarks in a proton with the chiral Lagrangian
journal, October 2019

He, Fangcheng; Wang, P.
Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.074032

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Title: Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized p+p collisions

Abstract

Citation Formats

QCD evolution of the Sivers asymmetry journal, April 2014

Sudakov suppression in azimuthal spin asymmetries journal, June 2001

Extraction of quark transversity distribution and Collins fragmentation functions with QCD evolution journal, January 2016

Parton distributions and parity-violating asymmetries in W± and Z production at RHIC journal, September 1993

The complete tree-level result up to order 1/Q for polarized deep-inelastic leptoproduction journal, February 1996

Strategy towards the extraction of the Sivers function with transverse momentum dependent evolution journal, July 2012

Extraction of spin-dependent parton densities and their uncertainties journal, August 2009

Transverse spin asymmetries for W-production in proton–proton collisions journal, May 2011

Chiral-odd parton distributions and Drell-Yan processes journal, May 1992

Single-spin asymmetries in W boson production at next-to-leading order journal, May 2015

Leading-twist single-transverse-spin asymmetries: Drell–Yan and deep-inelastic scattering journal, May 2002

QCD factorization for semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at low transverse momentum journal, February 2005

Initial-state interactions and single-spin asymmetries in Drell–Yan processes journal, October 2002

The complete tree-level result up to order 1/Q for polarized deep-inelastic leptoproduction journal, January 1997

Investigating the origins of transverse spin asymmetries at BNL RHIC journal, June 1999

General positivity bounds for spin observables in single particle inclusive production journal, June 2011

QCD evolution of the Sivers function journal, February 2012

Transverse spin structure of the nucleon through target single-spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic (e, e’ $ \pi^{\pm}_{}$ ) reaction at Jefferson Lab journal, January 2011

Nucleon tensor charge from Collins azimuthal asymmetry measurements journal, April 2015

Polarized hadron pair production from electron-positron annihilation journal, March 2014

Transversely polarized parton densities, their evolution and their measurement journal, December 1990

Predictions for double spin asymmetry A L T in semiinclusive DIS journal, June 2006

QCD corrections to double and single spin asymmetries in vector boson production at polarized hadron colliders journal, November 1998

QCD spin physics: Partonic spin structure of the nucleon journal, April 2012

Semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at small transverse momentum journal, February 2007

Measurement of Longitudinal Spin Asymmetries for Weak Boson Production in Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions at RHIC journal, August 2014

Hard-scattering scaling laws for single-spin production asymmetries journal, January 1991

Helicity parton distributions from spin asymmetries in W -boson production at RHIC journal, May 2010

Transverse single-spin asymmetries in gauge boson production journal, June 2003

Single-spin production asymmetries from the hard scattering of pointlike constituents journal, January 1990

Errata journal, March 1983

Single hadronic-spin asymmetries in weak interaction processes journal, February 2003

Final-state interactions and single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering journal, March 2002

Double Sivers effect asymmetries and their impact on transversity measurements at RHIC journal, June 2011

Lorentz invariance relations between parton distributions and the Wandzura–Wilczek approximation journal, September 2009

Measurement of the Parity-Violating Longitudinal Single-Spin Asymmetry for W ± Boson Production in Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions at s = 500 GeV journal, February 2011

Cross Section and Parity-Violating Spin Asymmetries of W ± Boson Production in Polarized p + p Collisions at s = 500 GeV journal, February 2011

Transverse Spin Structure of the Nucleon journal, October 2015

Analyzing power in inclusive π+ and π− production at high xF with a 200 GeV polarized proton beam journal, August 1991

Transverse momentum dependent evolution: Matching semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering processes to Drell-Yan and W / Z boson production journal, December 2013

New Generation of Parton Distributions with Uncertainties from Global QCD Analysis journal, July 2002

QCD corrections to longitudinal spin asymmetries in W±-boson production at RHIC journal, May 2011

Role of Cahn and Sivers effects in deep inelastic scattering journal, April 2005

Observation of the Naive- T -Odd Sivers Effect in Deep-Inelastic Scattering journal, October 2009

Beam-Target Double-Spin Asymmetry A LT in Charged Pion Production from Deep Inelastic Scattering on a Transversely Polarized He 3 Target at 1.4 < Q 2 < 2.7 GeV 2 journal, January 2012

Back-to-back jets in QCD journal, December 1981

Intrinsic transverse momentum and the polarized Drell-Yan process journal, April 1995

Limits on transverse momentum dependent evolution from semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at moderate Q journal, May 2014

Cross Sections and Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries in Forward Neutral-Pion Production from Proton Collisions at s = 200 GeV journal, April 2004

Global Analysis of Helicity Parton Densities and their Uncertainties journal, August 2008

Measurement of the Collins and Sivers asymmetries on transversely polarised protons journal, September 2010

Indication on the Process Dependence of the Sivers Effect journal, June 2013

The spin structure of the nucleon journal, April 2013

Analysis of the double-spin asymmetry A L T in inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions journal, December 2012

Testing the Time-Reversal Modified Universality of the Sivers Function journal, October 2009

Double transverse spin asymmetries in vector boson production journal, October 2000

Time-reversal odd distribution functions in leptoproduction journal, May 1998

Parton distributions from W± and Z production in polarized pp and pn collisions at RHIC journal, July 1994

QCD factorization for spin-dependent cross sections in DIS and Drell–Yan processes at low transverse momentum journal, September 2004

Sivers effect for pion and kaon production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering journal, December 2008

Universality of T-odd effects in single spin and azimuthal asymmetries journal, September 2003

Dilepton production from polarized hadron hadron collisions journal, February 2009

Calculation of Transverse-Momentum-Dependent Evolution for Sivers Transverse Single Spin Asymmetry Measurements journal, June 2012

Left-right spin asymmetry in ℓ N ↑ → h X journal, October 2014

New target transverse spin dependent azimuthal asymmetries from COMPASS experiment journal, August 2008

Global fitting of single spin asymmetry: An attempt journal, April 2012

TMD evolution of the Sivers asymmetry journal, September 2013

Forward Neutral-Pion Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries in p + p Collisions at s = 200 GeV journal, November 2008

Observation concerning the process dependence of the Sivers functions journal, May 2011

Single transverse spin asymmetry of dilepton production near Z 0 pole journal, March 2010

Angular distribution of dileptons in high-energy hadron collisions journal, October 1977

Measuring the transverse polarization of quarks in the proton journal, September 1992

Production of dimuons from high-energy polarized proton-proton collisions journal, May 1979

Sivers distribution functions of sea quarks in a proton with the chiral Lagrangian journal, October 2019

Title: Spin asymmetries for vector boson production in polarized $p + p$ collisions

QCD evolution of the Sivers asymmetry
journal, April 2014

Sudakov suppression in azimuthal spin asymmetries
journal, June 2001

Extraction of quark transversity distribution and Collins fragmentation functions with QCD evolution
journal, January 2016

Parton distributions and parity-violating asymmetries in W± and Z production at RHIC
journal, September 1993

The complete tree-level result up to order 1/Q for polarized deep-inelastic leptoproduction
journal, February 1996

Strategy towards the extraction of the Sivers function with transverse momentum dependent evolution
journal, July 2012

Extraction of spin-dependent parton densities and their uncertainties
journal, August 2009

Transverse spin asymmetries for W-production in proton–proton collisions
journal, May 2011

Chiral-odd parton distributions and Drell-Yan processes
journal, May 1992

Single-spin asymmetries in $W$ boson production at next-to-leading order
journal, May 2015

Leading-twist single-transverse-spin asymmetries: Drell–Yan and deep-inelastic scattering
journal, May 2002

QCD factorization for semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at low transverse momentum
journal, February 2005

Initial-state interactions and single-spin asymmetries in Drell–Yan processes
journal, October 2002

The complete tree-level result up to order 1/Q for polarized deep-inelastic leptoproduction
journal, January 1997

Investigating the origins of transverse spin asymmetries at BNL RHIC
journal, June 1999

General positivity bounds for spin observables in single particle inclusive production
journal, June 2011

QCD evolution of the Sivers function
journal, February 2012

Transverse spin structure of the nucleon through target single-spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic (e, e’ $ \pi^{\pm}_{}$ ) reaction at Jefferson Lab
journal, January 2011

Nucleon tensor charge from Collins azimuthal asymmetry measurements
journal, April 2015

Polarized hadron pair production from electron-positron annihilation
journal, March 2014

Transversely polarized parton densities, their evolution and their measurement
journal, December 1990

Predictions for double spin asymmetry $A_{L T}$ in semiinclusive DIS
journal, June 2006

QCD corrections to double and single spin asymmetries in vector boson production at polarized hadron colliders
journal, November 1998

QCD spin physics: Partonic spin structure of the nucleon
journal, April 2012

Semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at small transverse momentum
journal, February 2007

Measurement of Longitudinal Spin Asymmetries for Weak Boson Production in Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions at RHIC
journal, August 2014

Hard-scattering scaling laws for single-spin production asymmetries
journal, January 1991

Helicity parton distributions from spin asymmetries in $W$ -boson production at RHIC
journal, May 2010

Transverse single-spin asymmetries in gauge boson production
journal, June 2003

Single-spin production asymmetries from the hard scattering of pointlike constituents
journal, January 1990

Errata
journal, March 1983

Single hadronic-spin asymmetries in weak interaction processes
journal, February 2003

Final-state interactions and single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
journal, March 2002

Double Sivers effect asymmetries and their impact on transversity measurements at RHIC
journal, June 2011

Lorentz invariance relations between parton distributions and the Wandzura–Wilczek approximation
journal, September 2009

Measurement of the Parity-Violating Longitudinal Single-Spin Asymmetry for $W^{\pm}$ Boson Production in Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 500 GeV$
journal, February 2011

Cross Section and Parity-Violating Spin Asymmetries of $W^{\pm}$ Boson Production in Polarized $p + p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 500 GeV$
journal, February 2011

Transverse Spin Structure of the Nucleon
journal, October 2015

Analyzing power in inclusive π+ and π− production at high xF with a 200 GeV polarized proton beam
journal, August 1991

Transverse momentum dependent evolution: Matching semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering processes to Drell-Yan and $W / Z$ boson production
journal, December 2013

New Generation of Parton Distributions with Uncertainties from Global QCD Analysis
journal, July 2002

QCD corrections to longitudinal spin asymmetries in W±-boson production at RHIC
journal, May 2011

Role of Cahn and Sivers effects in deep inelastic scattering
journal, April 2005

Observation of the Naive- $T$ -Odd Sivers Effect in Deep-Inelastic Scattering
journal, October 2009

Beam-Target Double-Spin Asymmetry $A_{LT}$ in Charged Pion Production from Deep Inelastic Scattering on a Transversely Polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ Target at $1.4 < Q^{2} < 2.7 {GeV}^{2}$
journal, January 2012

Back-to-back jets in QCD
journal, December 1981

Intrinsic transverse momentum and the polarized Drell-Yan process
journal, April 1995

Limits on transverse momentum dependent evolution from semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at moderate $Q$
journal, May 2014

Cross Sections and Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries in Forward Neutral-Pion Production from Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200 GeV$
journal, April 2004

Global Analysis of Helicity Parton Densities and their Uncertainties
journal, August 2008

Measurement of the Collins and Sivers asymmetries on transversely polarised protons
journal, September 2010

Indication on the Process Dependence of the Sivers Effect
journal, June 2013

The spin structure of the nucleon
journal, April 2013

Analysis of the double-spin asymmetry $A_{L T}$ in inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions
journal, December 2012

Testing the Time-Reversal Modified Universality of the Sivers Function
journal, October 2009

Double transverse spin asymmetries in vector boson production
journal, October 2000

Time-reversal odd distribution functions in leptoproduction
journal, May 1998

Parton distributions from W± and Z production in polarized pp and pn collisions at RHIC
journal, July 1994

QCD factorization for spin-dependent cross sections in DIS and Drell–Yan processes at low transverse momentum
journal, September 2004

Sivers effect for pion and kaon production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
journal, December 2008

Universality of T-odd effects in single spin and azimuthal asymmetries
journal, September 2003

Dilepton production from polarized hadron hadron collisions
journal, February 2009

Calculation of Transverse-Momentum-Dependent Evolution for Sivers Transverse Single Spin Asymmetry Measurements
journal, June 2012

Left-right spin asymmetry in $ℓ N^{↑} \to h X$
journal, October 2014

New target transverse spin dependent azimuthal asymmetries from COMPASS experiment
journal, August 2008

Global fitting of single spin asymmetry: An attempt
journal, April 2012

TMD evolution of the Sivers asymmetry
journal, September 2013

Forward Neutral-Pion Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries in $p + p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200 GeV$
journal, November 2008

Observation concerning the process dependence of the Sivers functions
journal, May 2011

Single transverse spin asymmetry of dilepton production near $Z^{0}$ pole
journal, March 2010

Angular distribution of dileptons in high-energy hadron collisions
journal, October 1977

Measuring the transverse polarization of quarks in the proton
journal, September 1992

Production of dimuons from high-energy polarized proton-proton collisions
journal, May 1979

Sivers distribution functions of sea quarks in a proton with the chiral Lagrangian
journal, October 2019