Spectroscopic evidence for bulk-band inversion and three-dimensional massive Dirac fermions in ZrTe5

Chen, Zhi -Guo; Chen, R. Y.; Zhong, R. D.; Schneeloch, John; Zhang, C.; Huang, Y.; Qu, Fanming; Yu, Rui; Li, Q.; Gu, G. D.; Wang, N. L.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1613110114

Title: Spectroscopic evidence for bulk-band inversion and three-dimensional massive Dirac fermions in ZrTe₅

Journal Article · 16 January 2017 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613110114 · OSTI ID:1354629

Chen, Zhi -Guo ^[1]; Chen, R. Y. ^[2]; Zhong, R. D. ^[3]; Schneeloch, John ^[3]; Zhang, C. ^[3]; Huang, Y. ^[3]; Qu, Fanming ^[4]; Yu, Rui ^[5];

^[3]; Gu, G. D. ^[3]; Wang, N. L. ^[6]

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
Peking Univ., Beijing (China)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China); Delft Univ. of Technology, Delft (The Netherlands)
Wuhan Univ., Wuhan (China)
Peking Univ., Beijing (China); Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing (China)

Three-dimensional topological insulators (3D TIs) represent states of quantum matters in which surface states are protected by time-reversal symmetry and an inversion occurs between bulk conduction and valence bands. However, the bulk-band inversion, which is intimately tied to the topologically nontrivial nature of 3D Tis, has rarely been investigated by experiments. Besides, 3D massive Dirac fermions with nearly linear band dispersions were seldom observed in TIs. Recently, a van der Waals crystal, ZrTe₅, was theoretically predicted to be a TI. Here, we report an infrared transmission study of a high-mobility [~33,000 cm²/(V • s)] multilayer ZrTe₅ flake at magnetic fields (B) up to 35 T. Our observation of a linear relationship between the zero-magnetic-field optical absorption and the photon energy, a bandgap of ~10 meV and a √B dependence of the Landau level (LL) transition energies at low magnetic fields demonstrates 3D massive Dirac fermions with nearly linear band dispersions in this system. More importantly, the reemergence of the intra-LL transitions at magnetic fields higher than 17 T reveals the energy cross between the two zeroth LLs, which reflects the inversion between the bulk conduction and valence bands. Finally, our results not only provide spectroscopic evidence for the TI state in ZrTe₅ but also open up a new avenue for fundamental studies of Dirac fermions in van der Waals materials.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

OSTI ID:: 1354629

Report Number(s):: BNL--113757-2017-JA; KC0201060

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 114; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Spectroscopic evidence for bulk-band inversion and three-dimensional massive Dirac fermions in ZrTe₅