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Title: Discovery-Synthesis, Design, and Prediction of Chalcogenide Phases

Journal Article · · Inorganic Chemistry
ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division

The discovery of new materials and their efficient syntheses is a fundamental goal of chemistry. A related objective is to identify foundational and rational approaches to enhance the art of synthesis by combining the exquisite predictability of organic synthesis with the high yields of solid-state chemistry. In contrast to so-called solid-state methods, inorganic syntheses in liquid fluxes permit bond formation, framework assembly, and crystallization at lower temperatures because of facile diffusion and chemical reactions with and within the flux itself. The fluxes are bona fide solvents similar to conventional organic or aqueous solvents. Such reactions can produce a wide range of materials, often metastable, from oxides to intermetallics, but typically the formation mechanisms are poorly understood. This article discusses how one can design, perform, observe, understand, and engineer the formation of compounds from inorganic melts. The focus is also design concepts such as "dimensional reduction", "phase homologies", and "panoramic synthesis", and their broad applicability. When well-defined building blocks are present and stable in the reaction, prospects for increased structural diversity and product control increase substantially. Common structural motifs within these materials systems may be related to structural precursors in the melt that may be controlled by tuning reaction conditions and composition. Stabilization of a particular building block is often accomplished with tuning of the flux composition, which controls the Lewis basicity and redox potential. In such tunable and dynamic fluxes, the synthesis can be directed toward new materials. Using complementary techniques of in situ X-ray diffraction, we can create time-dependent maps of reaction space and probe the mobile species present in melts. Lastly, certain thoughts toward the ultimate goal of targeted materials synthesis by controlling inorganic melt chemistry are discussed.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Science Foundation (NSF); U.S. Department of Homeland Security; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1352876
Journal Information:
Inorganic Chemistry, Journal Name: Inorganic Chemistry Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 56; ISSN 0020-1669
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Ba 8 SrPb 24 O 24 Cl 18 : the first alkali-earth metal lead( ii ) oxyhalide with an intriguing multimember-ring layer journal January 2020
Superconductivity in the 2-Dimensional Homologous Series AM m Bi 3 Q 5+ m ( m =1, 2) (A=Rb, Cs; M=Pb, Sn; Q=Se, Te) journal April 2018
Na 3 Ca 4 (TeO 3 )(PO 4 ) 3 : a new noncentrosymmetric tellurite phosphate with fascinating multimember-ring architectures and intriguing nonlinear optical performance journal January 2018
Dimensional Control in Polyoxometalate Crystals Hybridized with Amphiphilic Polymerizable Ionic Liquids journal July 2019