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Title: The remarkable similarity of massive galaxy clusters from z~0 to z~1.9

Abstract

We present the results of a Chandra X-ray survey of the 8 most massive galaxy clusters at z > 1.2 in the South Pole Telescope 2500 deg2 survey. We combine this sample with previously-published Chandra observations of 49 massive X-ray-selected clusters at 0 < z < 0.1 and 90 SZ-selected clusters at 0.25 < z < 1.2 to constrain the evolution of the intracluster medium (ICM) over the past ~10 Gyr. We find that the bulk of the ICM has evolved self similarly over the full redshift range probed here, with the ICM density at r > 0.2R500 scaling like E(z) 2 . In the centers of clusters (r . 0.01R500), we find significant deviations from self similarity (ne ∝ E(z) 0.1±0.5 ), consistent with no redshift dependence. When we isolate clusters with over-dense cores (i.e., cool cores), we find that the average over-density profile has not evolved with redshift – that is, cool cores have not changed in size, density, or total mass over the past ~9–10 Gyr. We show that the evolving “cuspiness” of clusters in the Xray, reported by several previous studies, can be understood in the context of a cool core with fixed properties embedded inmore » a self similarly-evolving cluster. We find no measurable evolution in the X-ray morphology of massive clusters, seemingly in tension with the rapidly-rising (with redshift) rate of major mergers predicted by cosmological simulations. We show that these two results can be brought into agreement if we assume that the relaxation time after a merger is proportional to the crossing time, since the latter is proportional to H(z) -1.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5];  [1];  [4]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [9];  [10];  [2];  [6]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  2. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  3. Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
  4. Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
  5. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)
  6. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States)
  7. Univ. de Montreal, Montreal, QC (Canada)
  8. Huntingdon Institute for X-ray Astronomy, Huntingdon, PA (United States)
  9. Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
  10. Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Contributing Org.:
SPT
OSTI Identifier:
1369250
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1352199; OSTI ID: 1373896
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-17-072-AE; arXiv:1702.05094
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515; AC02-07CH11359; AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 843; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: high-redshift; X-rays: galaxies: clusters

Citation Formats

McDonald, M., Allen, S. W., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Bulbul, E., Carlstrom, J. E., Forman, W. R., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Garmire, G. P., Gaspari, M., Gladders, M. D., Mantz, A. B., and Murray, S. S. The remarkable similarity of massive galaxy clusters from z~0 to z~1.9. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7740.
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McDonald, M., Allen, S. W., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Bulbul, E., Carlstrom, J. E., Forman, W. R., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Garmire, G. P., Gaspari, M., Gladders, M. D., Mantz, A. B., & Murray, S. S. The remarkable similarity of massive galaxy clusters from z~0 to z~1.9. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7740
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McDonald, M., Allen, S. W., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Bulbul, E., Carlstrom, J. E., Forman, W. R., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Garmire, G. P., Gaspari, M., Gladders, M. D., Mantz, A. B., and Murray, S. S. Wed . "The remarkable similarity of massive galaxy clusters from z~0 to z~1.9". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7740. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1369250.
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@article{osti_1369250,
title = {The remarkable similarity of massive galaxy clusters from z~0 to z~1.9},
author = {McDonald, M. and Allen, S. W. and Bayliss, M. and Benson, B. A. and Bleem, L. E. and Brodwin, M. and Bulbul, E. and Carlstrom, J. E. and Forman, W. R. and Hlavacek-Larrondo, J. and Garmire, G. P. and Gaspari, M. and Gladders, M. D. and Mantz, A. B. and Murray, S. S.},
abstractNote = {We present the results of a Chandra X-ray survey of the 8 most massive galaxy clusters at z > 1.2 in the South Pole Telescope 2500 deg2 survey. We combine this sample with previously-published Chandra observations of 49 massive X-ray-selected clusters at 0 < z < 0.1 and 90 SZ-selected clusters at 0.25 < z < 1.2 to constrain the evolution of the intracluster medium (ICM) over the past ~10 Gyr. We find that the bulk of the ICM has evolved self similarly over the full redshift range probed here, with the ICM density at r > 0.2R500 scaling like E(z) 2 . In the centers of clusters (r . 0.01R500), we find significant deviations from self similarity (ne ∝ E(z) 0.1±0.5 ), consistent with no redshift dependence. When we isolate clusters with over-dense cores (i.e., cool cores), we find that the average over-density profile has not evolved with redshift – that is, cool cores have not changed in size, density, or total mass over the past ~9–10 Gyr. We show that the evolving “cuspiness” of clusters in the Xray, reported by several previous studies, can be understood in the context of a cool core with fixed properties embedded in a self similarly-evolving cluster. We find no measurable evolution in the X-ray morphology of massive clusters, seemingly in tension with the rapidly-rising (with redshift) rate of major mergers predicted by cosmological simulations. We show that these two results can be brought into agreement if we assume that the relaxation time after a merger is proportional to the crossing time, since the latter is proportional to H(z) -1.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/aa7740},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 843,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jun 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed Jun 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7740
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    • Raja, Ramij; Rahaman, Majidul; Datta, Abhirup
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab620d

    Discovery of a Powerful >10 61 erg AGN Outburst in the Distant Galaxy Cluster SPT-CLJ0528-5300
    journal, December 2019

    • Calzadilla, Michael S.; McDonald, Michael; Bayliss, Matthew
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab5b07

    Enhancing AGN efficiency and cool-core formation with anisotropic thermal conduction
    text, January 2018

    The Three Hundred Project: The evolution of galaxy cluster density profiles
    text, January 2018

    Constraining Gas Motions in the Intra-Cluster Medium
    text, January 2019

    Expanding the sample of radio minihalos in galaxy clusters
    text, January 2019

    Probing the origin of diffuse radio emission in the cool-core of the Phoenix galaxy cluster
    text, January 2019

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