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Title: Coexistence of two electronic nano-phases on a CH3NH3PbI3–xClx surface observed in STM measurements

Abstract

Scanning tunneling microscopy is utilized to investigate the local density of states of a CH3NH3PbI3-xClx perovskite in cross-sectional geometry. Two electronic phases, 10-20 nm in size, with different electronic properties inside the CH3NH3PbI3-xClx perovskite layer are observed by the dI/ dV mapping and point spectra. A power law dependence of the dI/dV point spectra is revealed. In addition, the distinct electronic phases are found to have preferential orientations close to the normal direction of the film surface. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the observed electronic phases are associated with local deviation of I/Cl ratio, rather than different orientations of the electric dipole moments in the ferroelectric phases. Furthermore, by comparing the calculated results with experimental data we conclude that phase A (lower contrast in dI/dV mapping at -2.0 V bias) contains a lower I/Cl ratio than that in phase B (higher contrast in dI/dV).

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [1];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States)
  2. National Taiwan Univ., Taipei (Taiwan); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
  3. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
  4. National Taiwan Univ., Taipei (Taiwan)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1349662
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 42; Journal ID: ISSN 1944-8244
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; organometallic halide perovskite; cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy; density functional theory; electronic phase; mixed halide; nano-phase

Citation Formats

Yost, Andrew J., Pimachev, Artem, Ho, Chun -Chih, Darling, Seth B., Wang, Leeyih, Su, Wei -Fang, Dahnovsky, Yuri, and Chien, TeYu. Coexistence of two electronic nano-phases on a CH3NH3PbI3–xClx surface observed in STM measurements. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1021/acsami.6b07721.
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Yost, Andrew J., Pimachev, Artem, Ho, Chun -Chih, Darling, Seth B., Wang, Leeyih, Su, Wei -Fang, Dahnovsky, Yuri, & Chien, TeYu. Coexistence of two electronic nano-phases on a CH3NH3PbI3–xClx surface observed in STM measurements. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b07721
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Yost, Andrew J., Pimachev, Artem, Ho, Chun -Chih, Darling, Seth B., Wang, Leeyih, Su, Wei -Fang, Dahnovsky, Yuri, and Chien, TeYu. Mon . "Coexistence of two electronic nano-phases on a CH3NH3PbI3–xClx surface observed in STM measurements". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b07721. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1349662.
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@article{osti_1349662,
title = {Coexistence of two electronic nano-phases on a CH3NH3PbI3–xClx surface observed in STM measurements},
author = {Yost, Andrew J. and Pimachev, Artem and Ho, Chun -Chih and Darling, Seth B. and Wang, Leeyih and Su, Wei -Fang and Dahnovsky, Yuri and Chien, TeYu},
abstractNote = {Scanning tunneling microscopy is utilized to investigate the local density of states of a CH3NH3PbI3-xClx perovskite in cross-sectional geometry. Two electronic phases, 10-20 nm in size, with different electronic properties inside the CH3NH3PbI3-xClx perovskite layer are observed by the dI/ dV mapping and point spectra. A power law dependence of the dI/dV point spectra is revealed. In addition, the distinct electronic phases are found to have preferential orientations close to the normal direction of the film surface. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the observed electronic phases are associated with local deviation of I/Cl ratio, rather than different orientations of the electric dipole moments in the ferroelectric phases. Furthermore, by comparing the calculated results with experimental data we conclude that phase A (lower contrast in dI/dV mapping at -2.0 V bias) contains a lower I/Cl ratio than that in phase B (higher contrast in dI/dV).},
doi = {10.1021/acsami.6b07721},
journal = {ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces},
number = 42,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Mon Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b07721
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