X-ray shadow imprint of hydrodynamic instabilities on the surface of inertial confinement fusion capsules by the fuel fill tube
Abstract
Measurements of hydrodynamic instability growth for a high-density carbon ablator for indirectly driven inertial confinement fusion implosions on the National Ignition Facility are reported. We observe significant unexpected features on the capsule surface created by shadows of the capsule fill tube, as illuminated by laser-irradiated x-ray spots on the hohlraum wall. These shadows increase the spatial size and shape of the fill tube perturbation in a way that can significantly degrade performance in layered implosions compared to previous expectations. The measurements were performed at a convergence ratio of ~2 using in-flight x-ray radiography. The initial seed due to shadow imprint is estimated to be equivalent to ~50–100 nm of solid ablator material. As a result, this discovery has prompted the need for a mitigation strategy for future inertial confinement fusion designs as proposed here.
- Authors:
-
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1366956
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1349398
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-732482
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045; PLEEE8
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review E
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 95; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION; 42 ENGINEERING
Citation Formats
MacPhee, A. G., Casey, D. T., Clark, D. S., Felker, S., Field, J. E., Haan, S. W., Hammel, B. A., Kroll, J., Landen, O. L., Martinez, D. A., Michel, P., Milovich, J., Moore, A., Nikroo, A., Rice, N., Robey, H. F., Smalyuk, V. A., Stadermann, M., and Weber, C. R. X-ray shadow imprint of hydrodynamic instabilities on the surface of inertial confinement fusion capsules by the fuel fill tube. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.95.031204.
MacPhee, A. G., Casey, D. T., Clark, D. S., Felker, S., Field, J. E., Haan, S. W., Hammel, B. A., Kroll, J., Landen, O. L., Martinez, D. A., Michel, P., Milovich, J., Moore, A., Nikroo, A., Rice, N., Robey, H. F., Smalyuk, V. A., Stadermann, M., & Weber, C. R. X-ray shadow imprint of hydrodynamic instabilities on the surface of inertial confinement fusion capsules by the fuel fill tube. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.95.031204
MacPhee, A. G., Casey, D. T., Clark, D. S., Felker, S., Field, J. E., Haan, S. W., Hammel, B. A., Kroll, J., Landen, O. L., Martinez, D. A., Michel, P., Milovich, J., Moore, A., Nikroo, A., Rice, N., Robey, H. F., Smalyuk, V. A., Stadermann, M., and Weber, C. R. Thu .
"X-ray shadow imprint of hydrodynamic instabilities on the surface of inertial confinement fusion capsules by the fuel fill tube". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.95.031204. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1366956.
@article{osti_1366956,
title = {X-ray shadow imprint of hydrodynamic instabilities on the surface of inertial confinement fusion capsules by the fuel fill tube},
author = {MacPhee, A. G. and Casey, D. T. and Clark, D. S. and Felker, S. and Field, J. E. and Haan, S. W. and Hammel, B. A. and Kroll, J. and Landen, O. L. and Martinez, D. A. and Michel, P. and Milovich, J. and Moore, A. and Nikroo, A. and Rice, N. and Robey, H. F. and Smalyuk, V. A. and Stadermann, M. and Weber, C. R.},
abstractNote = {Measurements of hydrodynamic instability growth for a high-density carbon ablator for indirectly driven inertial confinement fusion implosions on the National Ignition Facility are reported. We observe significant unexpected features on the capsule surface created by shadows of the capsule fill tube, as illuminated by laser-irradiated x-ray spots on the hohlraum wall. These shadows increase the spatial size and shape of the fill tube perturbation in a way that can significantly degrade performance in layered implosions compared to previous expectations. The measurements were performed at a convergence ratio of ~2 using in-flight x-ray radiography. The initial seed due to shadow imprint is estimated to be equivalent to ~50–100 nm of solid ablator material. As a result, this discovery has prompted the need for a mitigation strategy for future inertial confinement fusion designs as proposed here.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.95.031204},
journal = {Physical Review E},
number = 3,
volume = 95,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Thu Mar 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 49 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Suppression of Laser Nonuniformity Imprinting Using a Thin High- Coating
journal, February 2015
- Karasik, Max; Weaver, J. L.; Aglitskiy, Y.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 8
First results of radiation-driven, layered deuterium-tritium implosions with a 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive at the National Ignition Facility
journal, August 2015
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Robey, H. F.; Döppner, T.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 8
Review of the National Ignition Campaign 2009-2012
journal, February 2014
- Lindl, John; Landen, Otto; Edwards, John
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 2
First Measurements of Fuel-Ablator Interface Instability Growth in Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions on the National Ignition Facility
journal, August 2016
- Weber, C. R.; Döppner, T.; Casey, D. T.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 7
Stabilization of high-compression, indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion implosions using a 4-shock adiabat-shaped drive
journal, August 2015
- MacPhee, A. G.; Peterson, J. L.; Casey, D. T.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 8
Generation and Beaming of Early Hot Electrons onto the Capsule in Laser-Driven Ignition Hohlraums
journal, February 2016
- Dewald, E. L.; Hartemann, F.; Michel, P.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 7
Onset of Hydrodynamic Mix in High-Velocity, Highly Compressed Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions
journal, August 2013
- Ma, T.; Patel, P. K.; Izumi, N.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 8
Grand challenges of inertial fusion energy
journal, August 2010
- Nuckolls, J. H.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 244, Issue 1
Performance of indirectly driven capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility using adiabat-shaping
journal, May 2016
- Robey, H. F.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Milovich, J. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 5
Reduced instability growth with high-adiabat high-foot implosions at the National Ignition Facility
journal, July 2014
- Casey, D. T.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Raman, K. S.
- Physical Review E, Vol. 90, Issue 1
Effect of the mounting membrane on shape in inertial confinement fusion implosions
journal, February 2015
- Nagel, S. R.; Haan, S. W.; Rygg, J. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 2
Point design targets, specifications, and requirements for the 2010 ignition campaign on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2011
- Haan, S. W.; Lindl, J. D.; Callahan, D. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 5
The near vacuum hohlraum campaign at the NIF: A new approach
journal, May 2016
- Le Pape, S.; Berzak Hopkins, L. F.; Divol, L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 5
Experimental reduction of laser imprinting and Rayleigh–Taylor growth in spherically compressed, medium-Z-doped plastic targets
journal, June 2012
- Fiksel, G.; Hu, S. X.; Goncharov, V. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 6
An in-flight radiography platform to measure hydrodynamic instability growth in inertial confinement fusion capsules at the National Ignition Facility
journal, July 2014
- Raman, K. S.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Casey, D. T.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 7
Direct Observation of Mass Oscillations Due to Ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in Plastic Targets
journal, December 2001
- Aglitskiy, Y.; Velikovich, A. L.; Karasik, M.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 87, Issue 26
The National Ignition Facility: Ushering in a new age for high energy density science
journal, April 2009
- Moses, E. I.; Boyd, R. N.; Remington, B. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 4
Three-dimensional hydrodynamics of the deceleration stage in inertial confinement fusion
journal, March 2015
- Weber, C. R.; Clark, D. S.; Cook, A. W.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 3
Improved performance of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion target designs with adiabat shaping using an intensity picket
journal, May 2003
- Goncharov, V. N.; Knauer, J. P.; McKenty, P. W.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 10, Issue 5
Three-dimensional simulations of low foot and high foot implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility
journal, March 2016
- Clark, D. S.; Weber, C. R.; Milovich, J. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 5
First Measurements of Hydrodynamic Instability Growth in Indirectly Driven Implosions at Ignition-Relevant Conditions on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2014
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Casey, D. T.; Clark, D. S.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 18
Design of a High-Foot High-Adiabat ICF Capsule for the National Ignition Facility
journal, February 2014
- Dittrich, T. R.; Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 5
Measurement of the Absolute Hohlraum-Wall Albedo under Ignition Foot Drive Conditions
journal, August 2004
- Jones, O. S.; Glenzer, S. H.; Suter, L. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 6
Indirect-drive ablative Richtmyer Meshkov node scaling
journal, May 2016
- Landen, O. L.; Baker, K. L.; Clark, D. S.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 717
Hot-Spot Mix in Ignition-Scale Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets
journal, July 2013
- Regan, S. P.; Epstein, R.; Hammel, B. A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 4
Tent-induced perturbations on areal density of implosions at the National Ignition Facilitya)
journal, May 2015
- Tommasini, R.; Field, J. E.; Hammel, B. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 5
Capsule implosion optimization during the indirect-drive National Ignition Campaign
journal, May 2011
- Landen, O. L.; Edwards, J.; Haan, S. W.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 5
X-ray ablation rates in inertial confinement fusion capsule materials
journal, March 2011
- Olson, R. E.; Rochau, G. A.; Landen, O. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 3
The experimental plan for cryogenic layered target implosions on the National Ignition Facility—The inertial confinement approach to fusion
journal, May 2011
- Edwards, M. J.; Lindl, J. D.; Spears, B. K.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 5
Mitigating the impact of hohlraum asymmetries in National Ignition Facility implosions using capsule shims
journal, July 2016
- Clark, D. S.; Weber, C. R.; Smalyuk, V. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 7
Instability growth seeded by oxygen in CH shells on the National Ignition Facility
journal, March 2015
- Haan, S. W.; Huang, H.; Johnson, M. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 3
Areal density evolution of isolated surface perturbations at the onset of x-ray ablation Richtmyer-Meshkov growth
journal, September 2011
- Loomis, E. N.; Braun, D.; Batha, S. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 9
Hydrodynamic instability growth of three-dimensional, “native-roughness” modulations in x-ray driven, spherical implosions at the National Ignition Facility
journal, July 2015
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Weber, S. V.; Casey, D. T.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 7
Performance of High-Convergence, Layered DT Implosions with Extended-Duration Pulses at the National Ignition Facility
journal, November 2013
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Atherton, L. J.; Benedetti, L. R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 21
A survey of pulse shape options for a revised plastic ablator ignition design
journal, November 2014
- Clark, D. S.; Milovich, J. L.; Hinkel, D. E.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 11
Validating hydrodynamic growth in National Ignition Facility implosionsa)
journal, May 2015
- Peterson, J. L.; Casey, D. T.; Hurricane, O. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 5
Laser Compression of Matter to Super-High Densities: Thermonuclear (CTR) Applications
journal, September 1972
- Nuckolls, John; Wood, Lowell; Thiessen, Albert
- Nature, Vol. 239, Issue 5368, p. 139-142
The National Ignition Facility
journal, December 2004
- Miller, George H.
- Optical Engineering, Vol. 43, Issue 12
Fill-Tube-Induced Mass Perturbations on X-Ray-Driven, Ignition-Scale, Inertial-Confinement-Fusion Capsule Shells and the Implications for Ignition Experiments
journal, November 2007
- Bennett, G. R.; Herrmann, M. C.; Edwards, M. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 20
The physics basis for ignition using indirect-drive targets on the National Ignition Facility
journal, February 2004
- Lindl, John D.; Amendt, Peter; Berger, Richard L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Hydrodynamic instability experiments with three-dimensional modulations at the National Ignition Facility
journal, January 2015
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Weber, S. V.; Casey, D. T.
- High Power Laser Science and Engineering, Vol. 3
The instability of liquid surfaces when accelerated in a direction perpendicular to their planes. I
journal, March 1950
- Taylor, Geoffrey Ingram
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 201, Issue 1065, p. 192-196
Design of indirectly driven, high-compression Inertial Confinement Fusion implosions with improved hydrodynamic stability using a 4-shock adiabat-shaped drive
journal, December 2015
- Milovich, J. L.; Robey, H. F.; Clark, D. S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 12
Hydrodynamic instability growth and mix experiments at the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2014
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Barrios, M.; Caggiano, J. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5
Multibeam Stimulated Raman Scattering in Inertial Confinement Fusion Conditions
journal, July 2015
- Michel, P.; Divol, L.; Dewald, E. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 5
Taylor instability in shock acceleration of compressible fluids
journal, May 1960
- Richtmyer, Robert D.
- Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 13, Issue 2
Mitigating Laser Imprint in Direct-Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions with High- Dopants
journal, May 2012
- Hu, S. X.; Fiksel, G.; Goncharov, V. N.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 19
Indirect drive ignition at the National Ignition Facility
journal, October 2016
- Meezan, N. B.; Edwards, M. J.; Hurricane, O. A.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 1
Investigation of the Character of the Equilibrium of an Incompressible Heavy Fluid of Variable Density
journal, November 1882
- Rayleigh,
- Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, Vol. s1-14, Issue 1
Improved Performance of High Areal Density Indirect Drive Implosions at the National Ignition Facility using a Four-Shock Adiabat Shaped Drive
journal, September 2015
- Casey, D. T.; Milovich, J. L.; Smalyuk, V. A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 10
Theory of the Ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability
journal, March 1999
- Goncharov, V. N.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 82, Issue 10
Observations of multimode perturbation decay at non-accelerating, soft x-ray driven ablation fronts
journal, December 2012
- Loomis, E. N.; Braun, D.; Batha, S. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 12
The National Ignition Facility
conference, May 2004
- Miller, George H.
- Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, SPIE Proceedings
Direct Observation of Mass Oscillations Due to Ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in Plastic Targets
text, January 2001
- Aglitskiy, Y.; Karasik, M.; Pawley, C. J.
- The American Physical Society
Works referencing / citing this record:
Parameter inference with deep jointly informed neural networks
journal, July 2019
- Humbird, Kelli D.; Peterson, J. Luc; McClarren, Ryan G.
- Statistical Analysis and Data Mining: The ASA Data Science Journal, Vol. 12, Issue 6
The effects of convergence ratio on the implosion behavior of DT layered inertial confinement fusion capsules
journal, July 2017
- Haines, Brian M.; Yi, S. A.; Olson, R. E.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 7
Hydro-instability growth of perturbation seeds from alternate capsule-support strategies in indirect-drive implosions on National Ignition Facility
journal, October 2017
- Martinez, D. A.; Smalyuk, V. A.; MacPhee, A. G.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 10
Variable convergence liquid layer implosions on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2018
- Zylstra, A. B.; Yi, S. A.; Haines, B. M.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
Capsule physics comparison of National Ignition Facility implosion designs using plastic, high density carbon, and beryllium ablators
journal, March 2018
- Clark, D. S.; Kritcher, A. L.; Yi, S. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 3
Comparison of plastic, high density carbon, and beryllium as indirect drive NIF ablators
journal, May 2018
- Kritcher, A. L.; Clark, D.; Haan, S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
The high velocity, high adiabat, “Bigfoot” campaign and tests of indirect-drive implosion scaling
journal, May 2018
- Casey, D. T.; Thomas, C. A.; Baker, K. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
Mitigation of X-ray shadow seeding of hydrodynamic instabilities on inertial confinement fusion capsules using a reduced diameter fuel fill-tube
journal, May 2018
- MacPhee, A. G.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Landen, O. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
Visualizing deceleration-phase instabilities in inertial confinement fusion implosions using an “enhanced self-emission” technique at the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2018
- Pickworth, L. A.; Hammel, B. A.; Smalyuk, V. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
Increasing stagnation pressure and thermonuclear performance of inertial confinement fusion capsules by the introduction of a high-Z dopant
journal, August 2018
- Berzak Hopkins, L.; Divol, L.; Weber, C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 8
Hydrodynamic instabilities seeded by the X-ray shadow of ICF capsule fill-tubes
journal, August 2018
- MacPhee, A. G.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Landen, O. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 8
Development of new platforms for hydrodynamic instability and asymmetry measurements in deceleration phase of indirectly driven implosions on NIF
journal, August 2018
- Pickworth, L. A.; Hammel, B. A.; Smalyuk, V. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 8
Beryllium capsule implosions at a case-to-capsule ratio of 3.7 on the National Ignition Facility
journal, October 2018
- Zylstra, A. B.; Yi, S. A.; MacLaren, S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 10
Review of hydro-instability experiments with alternate capsule supports in indirect-drive implosions on the National Ignition Facility
journal, July 2018
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Robey, H. F.; Alday, C. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 7
Robustness to hydrodynamic instabilities in indirectly driven layered capsule implosions
journal, January 2019
- Haines, Brian M.; Olson, R. E.; Sweet, W.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 1
Three-dimensional modeling and hydrodynamic scaling of National Ignition Facility implosions
journal, May 2019
- Clark, D. S.; Weber, C. R.; Milovich, J. L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 5
Computational study of instability and fill tube mitigation strategies for double shell implosions
journal, October 2019
- Haines, Brian M.; Daughton, W. S.; Loomis, E. N.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 10
Maintaining low-mode symmetry control with extended pulse shapes for lower-adiabat Bigfoot implosions on the National Ignition Facility
journal, November 2019
- Hohenberger, M.; Casey, D. T.; Thomas, C. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 11
Mixing in ICF implosions on the National Ignition Facility caused by the fill-tube
journal, March 2020
- Weber, C. R.; Clark, D. S.; Pak, A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, Issue 3
Toward a burning plasma state using diamond ablator inertially confined fusion (ICF) implosions on the National Ignition Facility (NIF)
journal, November 2018
- Hopkins, L. Berzak; LePape, S.; Divol, L.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 61, Issue 1
Review of hydrodynamic instability experiments in inertially confined fusion implosions on National Ignition Facility
journal, October 2019
- Smalyuk, V. A.; Weber, C. R.; Landen, O. L.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 62, Issue 1
Modeling and projecting implosion performance for the National Ignition Facility
journal, December 2018
- Clark, D. S.; Weber, C. R.; Kritcher, A. L.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 3
Sudden diffusion of turbulent mixing layers in weakly coupled plasmas under compression
journal, December 2019
- Viciconte, Giovanni; Gréa, Benoît-Joseph; Godeferd, Fabien S.
- Physical Review E, Vol. 100, Issue 6
Diffusion-dominated mixing in moderate convergence implosions
journal, June 2018
- Zylstra, A. B.; Hoffman, N. M.; Herrmann, H. W.
- Physical Review E, Vol. 97, Issue 6
Hydrodynamic instability seeding by oxygen nonuniformities in glow discharge polymer inertial fusion ablators
journal, September 2018
- Ali, S. J.; Celliers, P. M.; Haan, S. W.
- Physical Review E, Vol. 98, Issue 3