Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system
Abstract
The local entropy of a nonequilibrium system of independent fermions is investigated and analyzed in the context of the laws of thermodynamics. It is shown that the local temperature and chemical potential can only be expressed in terms of derivatives of the local entropy for linear deviations from local equilibrium. The first law of thermodynamics is shown to lead to an inequality, not equality, for the change in the local entropy as the nonequilibrium state of the system is changed. The maximum entropy principle (second law of thermodynamics) is proven: a nonequilibrium distribution has a local entropy less than or equal to a local equilibrium distribution satisfying the same constraints. It is shown that the local entropy of the system tends to zero when the local temperature tends to zero, consistent with the third law of thermodynamics
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1465755
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1349136
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0006699; DESC0006699
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Chemical Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 146; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9606
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
Citation Formats
Stafford, Charles A., and Shastry, Abhay. Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4975810.
Stafford, Charles A., & Shastry, Abhay. Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4975810
Stafford, Charles A., and Shastry, Abhay. Tue .
"Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4975810. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1465755.
@article{osti_1465755,
title = {Local entropy of a nonequilibrium fermion system},
author = {Stafford, Charles A. and Shastry, Abhay},
abstractNote = {The local entropy of a nonequilibrium system of independent fermions is investigated and analyzed in the context of the laws of thermodynamics. It is shown that the local temperature and chemical potential can only be expressed in terms of derivatives of the local entropy for linear deviations from local equilibrium. The first law of thermodynamics is shown to lead to an inequality, not equality, for the change in the local entropy as the nonequilibrium state of the system is changed. The maximum entropy principle (second law of thermodynamics) is proven: a nonequilibrium distribution has a local entropy less than or equal to a local equilibrium distribution satisfying the same constraints. It is shown that the local entropy of the system tends to zero when the local temperature tends to zero, consistent with the third law of thermodynamics},
doi = {10.1063/1.4975810},
journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
number = 9,
volume = 146,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Feb 14 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Tue Feb 14 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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