Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus 154Gd by (p,tγ)

Allmond, J. M.; Beausang, C. W.; Ross, T. J.; Humby, P.; Basunia, M. S.; Bernstein, L. A.; Bleuel, D. L.; Brooks, W.; Brown, N.; Burke, J. T.; Darakchieva, B. K.; Dudziak, K. R.; Evans, K. E.; Fallon, P.; Jeppesen, H. B.; LeBlanc, J. D.; Lesher, S. R.; McMahan, M. A.; Meyer, D. A.; Phair, L.; Rasmussen, J. O.; Scielzo, N. D.; Stroberg, S. R.; Wiedeking, M.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2017-12253-2

Title: Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus ¹⁵⁴Gd by (p,tγ)

Abstract

A segmented Si-telescope and HPGe array, STARS-LIBERACE, was used to study the ¹⁵⁶Gd(p, tγ)¹⁵⁴Gd direct reaction by particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy. New cross sections with a 25MeV proton beam are reported and compared to previous (p,t) and (t,p) studies. Furthermore, additional evidence for coexisting Kπ=01+,21+ and 02+, 22+ configurations at N = 90 is presented. Direct and indirect population patterns of the low-lying states are also explored. Review of the new and existing evidence favors an interpretation based on a configuration-dependent pairing interaction. The weakening of monopole pairing strength and an increase in quadrupole pairing strength could bring 2p-2h 0+ states below 2 Δ. This may account for a large number of the low-lying 0+ states observed in two-nucleon transfer reactions. A hypothesis for the origin of the 02+ and 03+ states is provided.

Authors:

Allmond, J. M. ^[1]; Beausang, C. W. ^[2]; Ross, T. J. ^[2]; Humby, P. ^[3]; Basunia, M. S. ^[4]; Bernstein, L. A. ^[5]; Bleuel, D. L. ^[6]; Brooks, W. ^[2]; Brown, N. ^[7]; Burke, J. T. ^[6]; Darakchieva, B. K. ^[2]; Dudziak, K. R. ^[8]; Evans, K. E. ^[9]; Fallon, P. ^[4]; Jeppesen, H. B. ^[4]; LeBlanc, J. D. ^[8]; Lesher, S. R. ^[10]; McMahan, M. A. ^[4]; Meyer, D. A. ^[8]; Phair, L. ^[4] more »

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Richmond, Richmond, VA (United States)
Univ. of Richmond, Richmond, VA (United States)
Univ. of Richmond, Richmond, VA (United States); Univ. of Surrey, Guildford (United Kingdom)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Rhodes College, Memphis, TN (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Univ. of Wisconsin, La Crosse, WI (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); iThemba LABS, Somerset West (South Africa)

Publication Date:: Wed Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1348327

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1471028

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02-05CH11231

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: European Physical Journal. A

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 53; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1434-6001

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

Citation Formats


                    Allmond, J. M., Beausang, C. W., Ross, T. J., Humby, P., Basunia, M. S., Bernstein, L. A., Bleuel, D. L., Brooks, W., Brown, N., Burke, J. T., Darakchieva, B. K., Dudziak, K. R., Evans, K. E., Fallon, P., Jeppesen, H. B., LeBlanc, J. D., Lesher, S. R., McMahan, M. A., Meyer, D. A., Phair, L., Rasmussen, J. O., Scielzo, N. D., Stroberg, S. R., and Wiedeking, M. Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus 154Gd by (p,tγ).  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1140/epja/i2017-12253-2.

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                    Allmond, J. M., Beausang, C. W., Ross, T. J., Humby, P., Basunia, M. S., Bernstein, L. A., Bleuel, D. L., Brooks, W., Brown, N., Burke, J. T., Darakchieva, B. K., Dudziak, K. R., Evans, K. E., Fallon, P., Jeppesen, H. B., LeBlanc, J. D., Lesher, S. R., McMahan, M. A., Meyer, D. A., Phair, L., Rasmussen, J. O., Scielzo, N. D., Stroberg, S. R., & Wiedeking, M. Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus 154Gd by (p,tγ).  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2017-12253-2

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                    Allmond, J. M., Beausang, C. W., Ross, T. J., Humby, P., Basunia, M. S., Bernstein, L. A., Bleuel, D. L., Brooks, W., Brown, N., Burke, J. T., Darakchieva, B. K., Dudziak, K. R., Evans, K. E., Fallon, P., Jeppesen, H. B., LeBlanc, J. D., Lesher, S. R., McMahan, M. A., Meyer, D. A., Phair, L., Rasmussen, J. O., Scielzo, N. D., Stroberg, S. R., and Wiedeking, M. Wed .  
"Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus 154Gd by (p,tγ)".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2017-12253-2.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1348327.

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@article{osti_1348327,

  title        = {Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus 154Gd by (p,tγ)},

  author       = {Allmond, J. M. and Beausang, C. W. and Ross, T. J. and Humby, P. and Basunia, M. S. and Bernstein, L. A. and Bleuel, D. L. and Brooks, W. and Brown, N. and Burke, J. T. and Darakchieva, B. K. and Dudziak, K. R. and Evans, K. E. and Fallon, P. and Jeppesen, H. B. and LeBlanc, J. D. and Lesher, S. R. and McMahan, M. A. and Meyer, D. A. and Phair, L. and Rasmussen, J. O. and Scielzo, N. D. and Stroberg, S. R. and Wiedeking, M.},

  abstractNote = {A segmented Si-telescope and HPGe array, STARS-LIBERACE, was used to study the 156Gd(p, tγ)154Gd direct reaction by particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy. New cross sections with a 25MeV proton beam are reported and compared to previous (p,t) and (t,p) studies. Furthermore, additional evidence for coexisting Kπ=01+,21+ and 02+, 22+ configurations at N = 90 is presented. Direct and indirect population patterns of the low-lying states are also explored. Review of the new and existing evidence favors an interpretation based on a configuration-dependent pairing interaction. The weakening of monopole pairing strength and an increase in quadrupole pairing strength could bring 2p-2h 0+ states below 2 Δ. This may account for a large number of the low-lying 0+ states observed in two-nucleon transfer reactions. A hypothesis for the origin of the 02+ and 03+ states is provided.},

  doi          = {10.1140/epja/i2017-12253-2},

  journal      = {European Physical Journal. A},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 53,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Wed Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

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Title: Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus 154Gd by (p,tγ)

Abstract

Citation Formats

Microscopic explanation of the shape-phase transition at N = 88 – 90 and the Z = 64 subshell effect for Ba–Dy journal, June 2013

Effect of pairing correlations on nuclear low-energy structure: BCS and general Bogoliubov transformation journal, November 2013

Spectroscopy of Gd 153 and Gd 157 using the ( p , d γ ) reaction journal, October 2014

Search for intrinsic collective excitations in Sm 152 journal, June 2008

Collective vibrational states in even Gd nuclei journal, February 1967

Pairing isomers journal, June 1976

The (p, t) reaction on even isotopes of Sm journal, November 1972

STARS/LiBerACE: Segmented silicon and high-purity germanium detector arrays for low-energy nuclear reaction and structure studies journal, September 2010

New Features of Shape Coexistence in Sm 152 journal, August 2009

Hexadecapole-Phonon versus Double- γ -Phonon Interpretation for K π = 4 + Bands in Deformed Even-Even Nuclei journal, October 1994

Strongly Excited 0 + States Observed in ( p , t ) Reactions on Gadolinium Nuclei journal, November 1971

Particle- γ spectroscopy of the ( p , d − γ ) Gd 155 reaction: Neutron single-quasiparticle states at N = 91 journal, June 2010

Analysis of the ( p , t ) reaction on Dy 158 journal, June 1977

Comparison of Two-Neutron Transfer Intensities in rare Earth Nuclei with Predictions of Microscopic Models journal, June 1995

On the effect of quadrupole pairing interaction on the backbending behaviour in rotating nuclei journal, December 1974

A (t, p) study of levels in 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd and 159Gd journal, April 1989

Further studies of pairing excitations in actinide nuclei: U 233 , Pu 237 , Np 235 , Am 241 , Ra 224 , and Pu 238 journal, February 1974

Pairing vibrations journal, May 1966

The reactions 152Sm(p, t)150Sm and 154Sm(p, t) 152Sm journal, December 1970

Measurement of the entry-spin distribution imparted to the high excitation continuum region of gadolinium nuclei via ( p , d ) and ( p , t ) reactions journal, May 2012

Shape coexistence in atomic nuclei journal, November 2011

Study of the ( p , t ) Reaction on the Even Gadolinium Nuclei journal, August 1973

Collective states of Gd isotopes from (p, t) reactions journal, June 1972

Low-Lying 0 + States and ( p , t ) Strengths in the Actinides journal, January 1972

Interpreting recent measurements of 0 + states in 158 Gd journal, November 2002

The (t, p) reaction across the shape transitional Gd nuclei journal, May 1980

Pairing-Plus-Quadrupole Model Calculation of Band-Mixing Anomalies in Sm 152 journal, February 1971

Blocking of coupling to the 02 + excitation in 154Gd by the [505]11/2- neutron in 155Gd journal, January 2011

Quantum fluctuations in the collective 0 + states of deformed nuclei journal, July 2013

Nature of excited 0 + states in Gd 158 described by the projected shell model journal, December 2003

Low-Energy Coexisting Band in G d 154 journal, September 2003

Microscopic structure of low-lying 0+ states in the deformed Gd158 journal, December 2004

Unexpected Strong Pair Correlations in Excited 0 + States of Actinide Nuclei journal, August 1970

Excited States of Even-Even Nuclei journal, May 1953

Bohr model as an algebraic collective model journal, May 2009

Extensive investigation of 0 + states in rare earth region nuclei journal, October 2006

Electric monopole transitions observed in 154Gd following β-decay of 154Eu journal, January 1969

Investigation of discrete states and quasidiscrete structures observed in Sm 150 and Sm 152 using the ( p , t γ ) reaction journal, December 2016

( p , t ) Population of 0 + States in Dy 1 5 8 , 1 6 0 , 1 6 2 and Er 1 6 4 , 1 6 6 journal, July 1972

N = 90 region: The decay of Eu 154 to Gd 154 journal, June 2004

Importance of the quadrupole pairing field in the Jπ = 0+ vibrations of shape deformed nuclei journal, July 1972

Possible two-phononβγ-vibration in 156Dy journal, November 1976

Multipole strength distribution in 156Gd from the (p, t) reaction at Ep = 40 MeV journal, December 1982

Remnants of spherical shell structures in deformed nuclei: The impact of an N = 64 neutron subshell closure on the structure of N ≈ 90 gadolinium nuclei journal, September 2013

(3He, d) and (α, t) reaction studies of 154Gd: nature of Kπ=4+ bands in heavy deformed nuclei journal, June 2001

Identification of a pairing isomeric band in Sm 152 journal, April 2005

New 0 + states in 158 Gd journal, November 2002

Multiparticle-rotor model for rotational band structure of Gd 154 journal, September 1995

High-resolution ( p , t ) study of low-spin states in Pu 240 : Octupole excitations, α clustering, and other structure features journal, June 2018

Title: Particle- γ coincidence spectroscopy of the N = 90 nucleus ¹⁵⁴Gd by (p,tγ)

Microscopic explanation of the shape-phase transition at $N = 88 - 90$ and the $Z = 64$ subshell effect for Ba–Dy
journal, June 2013

Effect of pairing correlations on nuclear low-energy structure: BCS and general Bogoliubov transformation
journal, November 2013

Spectroscopy of ${}^{153}{Gd}$ and ${}^{157}{Gd}$ using the $(p, d γ)$ reaction
journal, October 2014

Search for intrinsic collective excitations in ${}^{152}{Sm}$
journal, June 2008

Collective vibrational states in even Gd nuclei
journal, February 1967

Pairing isomers
journal, June 1976

The (p, t) reaction on even isotopes of Sm
journal, November 1972

STARS/LiBerACE: Segmented silicon and high-purity germanium detector arrays for low-energy nuclear reaction and structure studies
journal, September 2010

New Features of Shape Coexistence in ${}^{152}{Sm}$
journal, August 2009

Hexadecapole-Phonon versus Double- $γ$ -Phonon Interpretation for $K^{π} = 4^{+}$ Bands in Deformed Even-Even Nuclei
journal, October 1994

Strongly Excited $0^{+}$ States Observed in ( $p, t$ ) Reactions on Gadolinium Nuclei
journal, November 1971

Particle- $γ$ spectroscopy of the ( $p, d - γ$ ) ${}^{155}{Gd}$ reaction: Neutron single-quasiparticle states at $N = 91$
journal, June 2010

Analysis of the ( $p, t$ ) reaction on ${}^{158}{Dy}$
journal, June 1977

Comparison of Two-Neutron Transfer Intensities in rare Earth Nuclei with Predictions of Microscopic Models
journal, June 1995

On the effect of quadrupole pairing interaction on the backbending behaviour in rotating nuclei
journal, December 1974

A (t, p) study of levels in 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd and 159Gd
journal, April 1989

Further studies of pairing excitations in actinide nuclei: ${}^{233}U$ , ${}^{237}{Pu}$ , ${}^{235}{Np}$ , ${}^{241}{Am}$ , ${}^{224}{Ra}$ , and ${}^{238}{Pu}$
journal, February 1974

Pairing vibrations
journal, May 1966

The reactions 152Sm(p, t)150Sm and 154Sm(p, t) 152Sm
journal, December 1970

Measurement of the entry-spin distribution imparted to the high excitation continuum region of gadolinium nuclei via ( $p$ , $d$ ) and ( $p$ , $t$ ) reactions
journal, May 2012

Shape coexistence in atomic nuclei
journal, November 2011

Study of the ( $p, t$ ) Reaction on the Even Gadolinium Nuclei
journal, August 1973

Collective states of Gd isotopes from (p, t) reactions
journal, June 1972

Low-Lying $0^{+}$ States and ( $p, t$ ) Strengths in the Actinides
journal, January 1972

Interpreting recent measurements of $0^{+}$ states in $^{158} Gd$
journal, November 2002

The (t, p) reaction across the shape transitional Gd nuclei
journal, May 1980

Pairing-Plus-Quadrupole Model Calculation of Band-Mixing Anomalies in ${}^{152}{Sm}$
journal, February 1971

Blocking of coupling to the 02 + excitation in 154Gd by the [505]11/2- neutron in 155Gd
journal, January 2011

Quantum fluctuations in the collective $0^{+}$ states of deformed nuclei
journal, July 2013

Nature of excited $0^{+}$ states in ${}^{158}{Gd}$ described by the projected shell model
journal, December 2003

Low-Energy Coexisting Band in ${}^{154}{G d}$
journal, September 2003

Microscopic structure of low-lying 0+ states in the deformed Gd158
journal, December 2004

Unexpected Strong Pair Correlations in Excited $0^{+}$ States of Actinide Nuclei
journal, August 1970

Excited States of Even-Even Nuclei
journal, May 1953

Bohr model as an algebraic collective model
journal, May 2009

Extensive investigation of $0^{+}$ states in rare earth region nuclei
journal, October 2006

Electric monopole transitions observed in 154Gd following β-decay of 154Eu
journal, January 1969

Investigation of discrete states and quasidiscrete structures observed in ${}^{150}{Sm}$ and ${}^{152}{Sm}$ using the $(p, t γ)$ reaction
journal, December 2016

( $p, t$ ) Population of $0^{+}$ States in ${Dy}^{158, 160, 162}$ and ${Er}^{164, 166}$
journal, July 1972

$N = 90$ region: The decay of ${}^{154}{Eu}$ to ${}^{154}{Gd}$
journal, June 2004

Importance of the quadrupole pairing field in the Jπ = 0+ vibrations of shape deformed nuclei
journal, July 1972

Possible two-phononβγ-vibration in 156Dy
journal, November 1976

Multipole strength distribution in 156Gd from the (p, t) reaction at Ep = 40 MeV
journal, December 1982

Remnants of spherical shell structures in deformed nuclei: The impact of an $N = 64$ neutron subshell closure on the structure of $N \approx 90$ gadolinium nuclei
journal, September 2013

(3He, d) and (α, t) reaction studies of 154Gd: nature of Kπ=4+ bands in heavy deformed nuclei
journal, June 2001

Identification of a pairing isomeric band in ${}^{152}{Sm}$
journal, April 2005

New $0^{+}$ states in $^{158} Gd$
journal, November 2002

Multiparticle-rotor model for rotational band structure of ${}^{154}{Gd}$
journal, September 1995

High-resolution $(p, t)$ study of low-spin states in ${}^{240}{Pu}$ : Octupole excitations, $α$ clustering, and other structure features
journal, June 2018