Impact of wetland decline on decreasing dissolved organic carbon concentrations along the Mississippi River continuum
Abstract
Prior to discharging to the ocean, large rivers constantly receive inputs of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from tributaries or fringing floodplains and lose DOC via continuous in situ processing along distances that span thousands of kilometers. Current concepts predicting longitudinal changes in DOC mainly focus on in situ processing or exchange with fringing floodplain wetlands, while effects of heterogeneous watershed characteristics are generally ignored. We analyzed results from a 17-year time-series of DOC measurements made at seven sites and three expeditions along the entire Mississippi River main channel with DOC measurements made every 17 km. The results show a clear downstream decrease in DOC concentrations that was consistent throughout the entire study period. Downstream DOC decreases were primarily (~63–71%) a result of constant dilutions by low-DOC tributary water controlled by watershed wetland distribution, while in situ processing played a secondary role. We estimate that from 1780 to 1980 wetland loss due to land-use alterations caused a ca. 58% decrease in in DOC concentrations in the tributaries of the Mississippi River. DOC reductions caused by watershed wetland loss likely impacted the capacity for the river to effectively remove nitrogen via denitrification, which can further exacerbate coastal hypoxia. Lastly, these findings highlightmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
- National Weather Service, Silver Spring, MD (United States)
- Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
- Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Univ. of Florida, St. Augustine, FL (United States)
- Univ. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1347840
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-124217
Journal ID: ISSN 2296-7745
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Marine Science
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2296-7745
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Mississippi River Basin; organic carbon; dissolved; wetlands; decline; aquatic; terrestrial; river continuum; interface; in-stream processes
Citation Formats
Duan, Shuiwang, He, Yuxiang, Kaushal, Sujay S., Bianchi, Thomas S., Ward, Nicholas D., and Guo, Laodong. Impact of wetland decline on decreasing dissolved organic carbon concentrations along the Mississippi River continuum. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.3389/fmars.2016.00280.
Duan, Shuiwang, He, Yuxiang, Kaushal, Sujay S., Bianchi, Thomas S., Ward, Nicholas D., & Guo, Laodong. Impact of wetland decline on decreasing dissolved organic carbon concentrations along the Mississippi River continuum. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00280
Duan, Shuiwang, He, Yuxiang, Kaushal, Sujay S., Bianchi, Thomas S., Ward, Nicholas D., and Guo, Laodong. Mon .
"Impact of wetland decline on decreasing dissolved organic carbon concentrations along the Mississippi River continuum". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00280. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1347840.
@article{osti_1347840,
title = {Impact of wetland decline on decreasing dissolved organic carbon concentrations along the Mississippi River continuum},
author = {Duan, Shuiwang and He, Yuxiang and Kaushal, Sujay S. and Bianchi, Thomas S. and Ward, Nicholas D. and Guo, Laodong},
abstractNote = {Prior to discharging to the ocean, large rivers constantly receive inputs of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from tributaries or fringing floodplains and lose DOC via continuous in situ processing along distances that span thousands of kilometers. Current concepts predicting longitudinal changes in DOC mainly focus on in situ processing or exchange with fringing floodplain wetlands, while effects of heterogeneous watershed characteristics are generally ignored. We analyzed results from a 17-year time-series of DOC measurements made at seven sites and three expeditions along the entire Mississippi River main channel with DOC measurements made every 17 km. The results show a clear downstream decrease in DOC concentrations that was consistent throughout the entire study period. Downstream DOC decreases were primarily (~63–71%) a result of constant dilutions by low-DOC tributary water controlled by watershed wetland distribution, while in situ processing played a secondary role. We estimate that from 1780 to 1980 wetland loss due to land-use alterations caused a ca. 58% decrease in in DOC concentrations in the tributaries of the Mississippi River. DOC reductions caused by watershed wetland loss likely impacted the capacity for the river to effectively remove nitrogen via denitrification, which can further exacerbate coastal hypoxia. Lastly, these findings highlight the importance of watershed wetlands in regulating DOC longitudinally along the headland to ocean continuum of major rivers.},
doi = {10.3389/fmars.2016.00280},
journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science},
number = ,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jan 09 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Mon Jan 09 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 20 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Amazon River carbon dioxide outgassing fuelled by wetlands
journal, December 2013
- Abril, Gwenaël; Martinez, Jean-Michel; Artigas, L. Felipe
- Nature, Vol. 505, Issue 7483
Dissolved Organic Matter in the Florida Everglades: Implications for Ecosystem Restoration
journal, February 2011
- Aiken, George R.; Gilmour, Cynthia C.; Krabbenhoft, David P.
- Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 41, Issue sup1
Photochemical and microbial consumption of dissolved organic carbon and dissolved oxygen in the Amazon River system
journal, May 1996
- Amon, R. M. W.; Benner, R.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 60, Issue 10
Sorptive fractionation of dissolved organic nitrogen and amino acids onto fine sediments within the Amazon Basin
journal, November 2001
- Aufdenkampe, Anthony K.; Hedges, John I.; Richey, Jeffery E.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 46, Issue 8
Carbon and metal concentrations, size distributions and fluxes in major rivers of the Amazon basin
journal, January 2003
- Benedetti, Marc F.; Mounier, Stephane; Filizola, Naziano
- Hydrological Processes, Vol. 17, Issue 7
Divergent biophysical controls of aquatic CO2 and CH4 in the World’s two largest rivers
journal, October 2015
- Borges, Alberto V.; Abril, Gwenaël; Darchambeau, François
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of dissolved organic carbon by UV-promoted persulfate oxidation and infrared spectrometry
report, January 1993
- Brenton, R. W.; Arnett, T. L.
- USGS
Increased mobilization of aged carbon to rivers by human disturbance
journal, December 2014
- Butman, David E.; Wilson, Henry F.; Barnes, Rebecca T.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Plumbing the Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Inland Waters into the Terrestrial Carbon Budget
journal, February 2007
- Cole, J. J.; Prairie, Y. T.; Caraco, N. F.
- Ecosystems, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Biophysical controls on dissolved organic carbon concentrations of Alaskan coastal temperate rainforest streams
journal, November 2015
- D’Amore, David V.; Edwards, Rick T.; Biles, Frances E.
- Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 78, Issue 2
Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change
journal, March 2006
- Davidson, Eric A.; Janssens, Ivan A.
- Nature, Vol. 440, Issue 7081
Carbon dynamics and sources in the Parani River
journal, March 1993
- Depetris, Pedro J.; Kempre, Stephan
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 38, Issue 2
Effects of tributary inputs on nutrient export from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers to the Gulf of Mexico
journal, January 2010
- Duan, Shuiwang; Bianchi, Thomas S.; Santschi, Peter H.
- Marine and Freshwater Research, Vol. 61, Issue 9
Variability in the bulk composition and abundance of dissolved organic matter in the lower Mississippi and Pearl rivers
journal, January 2007
- Duan, Shuiwang; Bianchi, Thomas S.; Shiller, Alan M.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue G2
Dissolved Organic Carbon as an Indicator of the Scale of Watershed Influence on Lakes and Rivers
journal, November 1999
- Gergel, Sarah E.; Turner, Monica G.; Kratz, Timothy K.
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Fast mineralization of land-born C in inland waters: first experimental evidences of aquatic priming effect
journal, August 2013
- Guenet, Bertrand; Danger, Michael; Harrault, Loïc
- Hydrobiologia, Vol. 721, Issue 1
Organic matter in Bolivian tributaries of the Amazon River: A comparison to the lower mainstream
journal, November 2000
- Hedges, John I.; Mayorga, Emilio; Tsamakis, Elizabeth
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 45, Issue 7
The river as a chemostat: fresh perspectives on dissolved organic matter flowing down the river continuum
journal, August 2015
- Creed, Irena F.; McKnight, Diane M.; Pellerin, Brian A.
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 72, Issue 8
The urban watershed continuum: evolving spatial and temporal dimensions
journal, March 2012
- Kaushal, Sujay S.; Belt, Kenneth T.
- Urban Ecosystems, Vol. 15, Issue 2
Dissolved organic matter and nutrients in the Lena River, Siberian Arctic: Characteristics and distribution
journal, January 1998
- Lara, Rubén J.; Rachold, Volker; Kattner, Gerhard
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 59, Issue 3-4
Spatial connectivity in a large river system: resolving the sources and fate of dissolved organic matter
journal, October 2011
- Massicotte, Philippe; Frenette, Jean-Jacques
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 21, Issue 7
The influence of reservoirs, climate, land use and hydrologic conditions on loads and chemical quality of dissolved organic carbon in the Colorado River: DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON IN THE COLORADO RIVER
journal, September 2012
- Miller, Matthew P.
- Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 12
Nitrate-nitrogen retention in wetlands in the Mississippi River Basin
journal, April 2005
- Mitsch, William J.; Day, John W.; Zhang, Li
- Ecological Engineering, Vol. 24, Issue 4
Chemical data for water samples collected during four upriver cruises on the Mississippi River between New Orleans, Louisiana, and Minneapolis, Minnesota, May 1990-April 1992
report, January 1995
- Moody, J. A.
- USGS
Organic carbon export from upland and forested wetland watersheds1
journal, September 1979
- Mulholland, Patrick J.; Kuenzler, Edward J.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 24, Issue 5
Assessing the effects of dams and waterpower facilities on riverine dissolved organic matter composition
journal, October 2014
- Nadon, Mallory J.; Metcalfe, Robert A.; Williams, Clayton J.
- Hydrobiologia, Vol. 744, Issue 1
Stoichiometric control of organic carbon–nitrate relationships from soils to the sea
journal, April 2010
- Taylor, Philip G.; Townsend, Alan R.
- Nature, Vol. 464, Issue 7292
Temperature Dependence of Photodegradation of Dissolved Organic Matter to Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Particulate Organic Carbon
journal, June 2015
- Porcal, Petr; Dillon, Peter J.; Molot, Lewis A.
- PLOS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue 6
Biogeochemical gradients in the lower Columbia River
journal, January 1997
- Prahl, F. G.; Small, L. F.; Sullivan, B. A.
- Hydrobiologia, Vol. 361, Issue 1/3, p. 37-52
Cost-effective targeting of conservation investments to reduce the northern Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone
journal, December 2014
- Rabotyagov, Sergey S.; Campbell, Todd D.; White, Michael
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 52
Global carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters
journal, November 2013
- Raymond, Peter A.; Hartmann, Jens; Lauerwald, Ronny
- Nature, Vol. 503, Issue 7476
Outgassing from Amazonian rivers and wetlands as a large tropical source of atmospheric CO2
journal, April 2002
- Richey, Jeffrey E.; Melack, John M.; Aufdenkampe, Anthony K.
- Nature, Vol. 416, Issue 6881
Transport of organic carbon in the world's rivers
journal, April 1981
- Schlesinger, William H.; Melack, John M.
- Tellus, Vol. 33, Issue 2
Nutrient dynamics in the lower Mississippi River floodplain: Comparing present and historic hydrologic conditions
journal, June 2009
- Schramm, Harold L.; Cox, Michael S.; Tietjen, Todd E.
- Wetlands, Vol. 29, Issue 2
An initial SPARROW model of land use and in-stream controls on total organic carbon in streams of the conterminous United States
report, January 2010
- Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Alexander, Richard B.; Smith, Richard A.
- USGS
Contemporary changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in human-dominated rivers: is there a role for DOC management?: Contemporary changes in DOC
journal, August 2011
- Stanley, Emily H.; Powers, Stephen M.; Lottig, Noah R.
- Freshwater Biology, Vol. 57
Silica: an essential nutrient in wetland biogeochemistry
journal, March 2009
- Struyf, Eric; Conley, Daniel J.
- Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Hydrological connectivity, and the exchange of organic matter and nutrients in a dynamic river-floodplain system (Danube, Austria)
journal, May 1999
- Tockner, Klement; Pennetzdorfer, Doris; Reiner, Niko
- Freshwater Biology, Vol. 41, Issue 3
The River Continuum Concept
journal, January 1980
- Vannote, Robin L.; Minshall, G. Wayne; Cummins, Kenneth W.
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 37, Issue 1
Degradation of terrestrially derived macromolecules in the Amazon River
journal, May 2013
- Ward, Nicholas D.; Keil, Richard G.; Medeiros, Patricia M.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 6, Issue 7
The compositional evolution of dissolved and particulate organic matter along the lower Amazon River—Óbidos to the ocean
journal, December 2015
- Ward, Nicholas D.; Krusche, Alex V.; Sawakuchi, Henrique O.
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 177
Concentrations and controls of dissolved organic matter in a constricted-channel region of the Ohio River
journal, January 1997
- Wehr, John D.; Lonergan, Sean P.; Thorp, James H.
- Biogeochemistry, Vol. 38, Issue 1, p. 41-65
Sources and distribution of carbon within the Yangtze River system
journal, January 2007
- Wu, Y.; Zhang, J.; Liu, S. M.
- Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 71, Issue 1-2
The spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon in the main stem of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River and the effect of the Three Gorges Reservoir: Carbon in the main stem Changjiang
journal, May 2014
- Zhang, Longjun; Xue, Ming; Wang, Min
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 119, Issue 5
Impact of human activities on organic carbon transport in the Yellow River
journal, January 2013
- Zhang, L. J.; Wang, L.; Cai, W. -J.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 10, Issue 4
The spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon in the main stem of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River and the effect of the Three Gorges Reservoir: Carbon in the main stem Changjiang
journal, May 2014
- Zhang, Longjun; Xue, Ming; Wang, Min
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 119, Issue 5
Carbon and metal concentrations, size distributions and fluxes in major rivers of the Amazon basin
journal, January 2003
- Benedetti, Marc F.; Mounier, Stephane; Filizola, Naziano
- Hydrological Processes, Vol. 17, Issue 7
Potential forensic biogeographic application of diatom colony consistency analysis employing pyrosequencing profiles of the 18S rDNA V7 region
journal, May 2018
- Zhao, Yuancun; Chen, Xiaogang; Yang, Yiwen
- International Journal of Legal Medicine, Vol. 132, Issue 6
Plumbing the Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Inland Waters into the Terrestrial Carbon Budget
journal, February 2007
- Cole, J. J.; Prairie, Y. T.; Caraco, N. F.
- Ecosystems, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Assessing the effects of dams and waterpower facilities on riverine dissolved organic matter composition
journal, October 2014
- Nadon, Mallory J.; Metcalfe, Robert A.; Williams, Clayton J.
- Hydrobiologia, Vol. 744, Issue 1
The urban watershed continuum: evolving spatial and temporal dimensions
journal, March 2012
- Kaushal, Sujay S.; Belt, Kenneth T.
- Urban Ecosystems, Vol. 15, Issue 2
Photochemical and microbial consumption of dissolved organic carbon and dissolved oxygen in the Amazon River system
journal, May 1996
- Amon, R. M. W.; Benner, R.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 60, Issue 10
Sources and distribution of carbon within the Yangtze River system
journal, January 2007
- Wu, Y.; Zhang, J.; Liu, S. M.
- Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 71, Issue 1-2
The compositional evolution of dissolved and particulate organic matter along the lower Amazon River—Óbidos to the ocean
journal, December 2015
- Ward, Nicholas D.; Krusche, Alex V.; Sawakuchi, Henrique O.
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 177
Variability in the bulk composition and abundance of dissolved organic matter in the lower Mississippi and Pearl rivers
journal, January 2007
- Duan, Shuiwang; Bianchi, Thomas S.; Shiller, Alan M.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue G2
Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change
journal, March 2006
- Davidson, Eric A.; Janssens, Ivan A.
- Nature, Vol. 440, Issue 7081
Stoichiometric control of organic carbon–nitrate relationships from soils to the sea
journal, April 2010
- Taylor, Philip G.; Townsend, Alan R.
- Nature, Vol. 464, Issue 7292
Global carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters
journal, November 2013
- Raymond, Peter A.; Hartmann, Jens; Lauerwald, Ronny
- Nature, Vol. 503, Issue 7476
Amazon River carbon dioxide outgassing fuelled by wetlands
journal, December 2013
- Abril, Gwenaël; Martinez, Jean-Michel; Artigas, L. Felipe
- Nature, Vol. 505, Issue 7483
Degradation of terrestrially derived macromolecules in the Amazon River
journal, May 2013
- Ward, Nicholas D.; Keil, Richard G.; Medeiros, Patricia M.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 6, Issue 7
Increased mobilization of aged carbon to rivers by human disturbance
journal, December 2014
- Butman, David E.; Wilson, Henry F.; Barnes, Rebecca T.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Divergent biophysical controls of aquatic CO2 and CH4 in the World’s two largest rivers
journal, October 2015
- Borges, Alberto V.; Abril, Gwenaël; Darchambeau, François
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Hydrological connectivity, and the exchange of organic matter and nutrients in a dynamic river-floodplain system (Danube, Austria)
journal, May 1999
- Tockner, Klement; Pennetzdorfer, Doris; Reiner, Niko
- Freshwater Biology, Vol. 41, Issue 3
Cost-effective targeting of conservation investments to reduce the northern Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone
journal, December 2014
- Rabotyagov, Sergey S.; Campbell, Todd D.; White, Michael
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 52
Dissolved Organic Matter in the Florida Everglades: Implications for Ecosystem Restoration
journal, February 2011
- Aiken, George R.; Gilmour, Cynthia C.; Krabbenhoft, David P.
- Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 41, Issue sup1
Contemporary changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in human-dominated rivers: is there a role for DOC management?: Contemporary changes in DOC
journal, August 2011
- Stanley, Emily H.; Powers, Stephen M.; Lottig, Noah R.
- Freshwater Biology, Vol. 57
The river as a chemostat: fresh perspectives on dissolved organic matter flowing down the river continuum
journal, August 2015
- Creed, Irena F.; McKnight, Diane M.; Pellerin, Brian A.
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 72, Issue 8
Temperature Dependence of Photodegradation of Dissolved Organic Matter to Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Particulate Organic Carbon
journal, June 2015
- Porcal, Petr; Dillon, Peter J.; Molot, Lewis A.
- PLOS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue 6
Nutrient dynamics in the lower Mississippi River floodplain: Comparing present and historic hydrologic conditions
journal, June 2009
- Schramm, Harold L.; Cox, Michael S.; Tietjen, Todd E.
- Wetlands, Vol. 29, Issue 2
Silica: an essential nutrient in wetland biogeochemistry
journal, March 2009
- Struyf, Eric; Conley, Daniel J.
- Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Spatial connectivity in a large river system: resolving the sources and fate of dissolved organic matter
journal, October 2011
- Massicotte, Philippe; Frenette, Jean-Jacques
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 21, Issue 7
Transport of organic carbon in the world’s rivers
journal, January 1981
- Schlesinger, William H.; Melack, John M.
- Tellus, Vol. 33, Issue 4
Organic carbon export from upland and forested wetland watersheds1
journal, September 1979
- Mulholland, Patrick J.; Kuenzler, Edward J.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 24, Issue 5
Carbon dynamics and sources in the Parani River
journal, March 1993
- Depetris, Pedro J.; Kempre, Stephan
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 38, Issue 2
Organic matter in Bolivian tributaries of the Amazon River: A comparison to the lower mainstream
journal, November 2000
- Hedges, John I.; Mayorga, Emilio; Tsamakis, Elizabeth
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 45, Issue 7
Sorptive fractionation of dissolved organic nitrogen and amino acids onto fine sediments within the Amazon Basin
journal, November 2001
- Aufdenkampe, Anthony K.; Hedges, John I.; Richey, Jeffery E.
- Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 46, Issue 8
Works referencing / citing this record:
A Synthetic Model to Quantify Dissolved Organic Carbon Transport in the Changjiang River System: Model Structure and Spatiotemporal Patterns
journal, September 2019
- Lv, Shucong; Yu, Qibiao; Wang, Fang
- Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 11, Issue 9
Contribution of wetlands to nitrate removal at the watershed scale
journal, January 2018
- Hansen, Amy T.; Dolph, Christine L.; Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Enhanced Aquatic Respiration Associated With Mixing of Clearwater Tributary and Turbid Amazon River Waters
journal, May 2019
- Ward, Nicholas D.; Sawakuchi, Henrique O.; Richey, Jeffrey E.
- Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol. 7
Where Carbon Goes When Water Flows: Carbon Cycling across the Aquatic Continuum
journal, January 2017
- Ward, Nicholas D.; Bianchi, Thomas S.; Medeiros, Patricia M.
- Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol. 4
The Future of Freshwater Macrophytes in a Changing World: Dissolved Organic Carbon Quantity and Quality and Its Interactions With Macrophytes
journal, May 2018
- Reitsema, Rosanne E.; Meire, Patrick; Schoelynck, Jonas
- Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 9