Quantifying Fusion Born Ion Populations in Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Ion Cyclotron Emission

Carbajal, L.; Dendy, R. O.; Chapman, S. C.; Cook, J. W. S.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.105001

Title: Quantifying Fusion Born Ion Populations in Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Ion Cyclotron Emission

Abstract

Ion cyclotron emission (ICE) offers unique promise as a diagnostic of the fusion born alpha-particle population in magnetically confined plasmas. Pioneering observations from JET and TFTR found that ICE intensity P ICE scales approximately linearly with the measured neutron flux from fusion reactions, and with the inferred concentration, n /n i , of fusion-born alpha-particles confined within the plasma. We present fully nonlinear self-consistent kinetic simulations that reproduce this scaling for the first time. This resolves a longstanding question in the physics of fusion alpha particle confinement and stability in MCF plasmas. It confirms the MCI as the likely emission mechanism and greatly strengthens the basis for diagnostic exploitation of ICE in future burning plasmas.

Authors:

Carbajal, L. ^[1]; Warwick Univ., Coventry ^[2]; Dendy, R. O. ^[3]; Culham Science Centre, Abingdon ^[4]; Chapman, S. C. ^[3]; Cook, J. W. S. ^[3]; First Light Fusion Ltd., Oxfordshire ^[2]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
(United Kingdom)
Warwick Univ., Coventry (United Kingdom)
(United Kingdom). Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE)

Publication Date:: Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1347308

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Letters

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 118; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Carbajal, L., Warwick Univ., Coventry, Dendy, R. O., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Chapman, S. C., Cook, J. W. S., and First Light Fusion Ltd., Oxfordshire. Quantifying Fusion Born Ion Populations in Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Ion Cyclotron Emission.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.105001.

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                    Carbajal, L., Warwick Univ., Coventry, Dendy, R. O., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Chapman, S. C., Cook, J. W. S., & First Light Fusion Ltd., Oxfordshire. Quantifying Fusion Born Ion Populations in Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Ion Cyclotron Emission.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.105001

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                    Carbajal, L., Warwick Univ., Coventry, Dendy, R. O., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Chapman, S. C., Cook, J. W. S., and First Light Fusion Ltd., Oxfordshire. Tue .  
"Quantifying Fusion Born Ion Populations in Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Ion Cyclotron Emission".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.105001.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1347308.

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@article{osti_1347308,

  title        = {Quantifying Fusion Born Ion Populations in Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Ion Cyclotron Emission},

  author       = {Carbajal, L. and Warwick Univ., Coventry and Dendy, R. O. and Culham Science Centre, Abingdon and Chapman, S. C. and Cook, J. W. S. and First Light Fusion Ltd., Oxfordshire},

  abstractNote = {Ion cyclotron emission (ICE) offers unique promise as a diagnostic of the fusion born alpha-particle population in magnetically confined plasmas. Pioneering observations from JET and TFTR found that ICE intensity P ICE scales approximately linearly with the measured neutron flux from fusion reactions, and with the inferred concentration, n /n i , of fusion-born alpha-particles confined within the plasma. We present fully nonlinear self-consistent kinetic simulations that reproduce this scaling for the first time. This resolves a longstanding question in the physics of fusion alpha particle confinement and stability in MCF plasmas. It confirms the MCI as the likely emission mechanism and greatly strengthens the basis for diagnostic exploitation of ICE in future burning plasmas.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.105001},

  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},

  number       = 10,

  volume       = 118,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Tue Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

Copy to clipboard

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Works referenced in this record:

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Cauffman, S.; Majeski, R.; McClements, K. G.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 35, Issue 12
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Plasma blob formation by ion kinetic Kelvin–Helmholtz and interchange instabilities
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Gingell, P. W.; Chapman, S. C.; Dendy, R. O.
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Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 6
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Measurement of Ion Cyclotron Emissions by Using High-Frequency Magnetic Probes in the LHD
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Saito, Kenji; Kumazawa, Ryuhei; Seki, Tetsuo
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Ion cyclotron emission measurements during JET deuterium-tritium experiments
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Fast particle-driven ion cyclotron emission (ICE) in tokamak plasmas and the case for an ICE diagnostic in ITER
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McClements, K. G.; D'Inca, R.; Dendy, R. O.
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Characterization of off-axis fishbones
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Observation of spontaneously excited waves in the ion cyclotron frequency range on JT-60U
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Energetic particle-driven compressional Alfvén eigenmodes and prospects for ion cyclotron emission studies in fusion plasmas
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Gorelenkov, N. N.
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Interpretation of ion cyclotron emission from sub‐Alfvénic fusion products in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
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McClements, K. G.; Dendy, R. O.; Lashmore‐Davies, C. N.
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Particle-in-cell simulations of the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability of fusion-born alpha-particles in tokamak plasmas
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Cook, J. W. S.; Dendy, R. O.; Chapman, S. C.
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Dendy, R. O.; McClements, K. G.; Lashmore-Davies, C. N.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 35, Issue 12
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Observation of Ion Cyclotron Emission Owing to DD Fusion Product H Ions in JT-60U
journal, January 2010

Sato, Shoichi; Ichimura, Makoto; Yamaguchi, Yuusuke
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Ion Pre-Acceleration in Fully Self-Consistent Particle-In-Cell Simulations of Supercritical Perpendicular Reforming Shocks in Multiple ion Species Plasmas
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Radio frequency measurements of energetic-particle-driven emission using the ion cyclotron emission diagnostic on the DIII-D tokamak
journal, October 2018

Thome, K. E.; Pace, D. C.; Pinsker, R. I.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10
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Emission in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICE) on NSTX and NSTX-U
journal, March 2019

Fredrickson, E. D.; Gorelenkov, N. N.; Bell, R. E.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 3
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Characteristics of fast ³ He ion velocity distribution exciting ion cyclotron emission on JT-60U
journal, January 2019

Sumida, Shuhei; Shinohara, Kouji; Ikezoe, Ryuya
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 61, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6587/aaf184

Distinct stages of radio frequency emission at the onset of pedestal collapse in KSTAR H-mode plasmas
journal, July 2018

Kim, M. H.; Thatipamula, S. G.; Lee, J. E.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aad05a

Central ion cyclotron emission in the DIII-D tokamak
journal, June 2019

Thome, K. E.; Pace, D. C.; Pinsker, R. I.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab20e7

Interpreting observations of ion cyclotron emission from large helical device plasmas with beam-injected ion populations
journal, July 2019

Reman, B. C. G.; Dendy, R. O.; Akiyama, T.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab2ca2

Interpretation of suprathermal emission at deuteron cyclotron harmonics from deuterium plasmas heated by neutral beam injection in the KSTAR tokamak
journal, August 2019

Chapman, B.; Dendy, R. O.; Chapman, S. C.
Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab35a7

Distinct stages of radio frequency emission at the onset of pedestal collapse in KSTAR H-mode plasmas
text, January 2018

Kim, Minho; Thatipamula, Shekar G.; Lee, Jieun
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1803.09376

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Title: Quantifying Fusion Born Ion Populations in Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Ion Cyclotron Emission

Abstract

Citation Formats

Alfvenic behaviour of alpha particle driven ion cyclotron emission in TFTR journal, December 1995

Electron Current Drive by Fusion-Product-Excited Lower Hybrid Drift Instability journal, December 2010

The excitation of obliquely propagating fast Alfvén waves at fusion ion cyclotron harmonics journal, June 1994

Compressional Alfvén eigenmode structure in spherical tokamaks journal, May 2009

Superthermal Radiation from Fusion Products in JET journal, January 1988

Plasma blob formation by ion kinetic Kelvin–Helmholtz and interchange instabilities journal, February 2014

Ion Cyclotron Emission from JET D-T Plasmas journal, March 1999

A mechanism for beam‐driven excitation of ion cyclotron harmonic waves in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor journal, October 1994

Linear and nonlinear physics of the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability of fusion-born ions in relation to ion cyclotron emission journal, January 2014

Transport and evolution of ion gyro-scale plasma blobs in perpendicular magnetic fields journal, May 2012

Measurement of Ion Cyclotron Emissions by Using High-Frequency Magnetic Probes in the LHD journal, March 2013

Ion cyclotron emission measurements during JET deuterium-tritium experiments journal, September 1993

Fast particle-driven ion cyclotron emission (ICE) in tokamak plasmas and the case for an ICE diagnostic in ITER journal, March 2015

The radial and poloidal localization of fast magnetoacoustic eigenmodes in tokamaks journal, May 2000

Energetic particle physics in fusion research in preparation for burning plasma experiments journal, November 2014

Characterization of off-axis fishbones journal, July 2011

Observation of spontaneously excited waves in the ion cyclotron frequency range on JT-60U journal, February 2008

Energetic particle-driven compressional Alfvén eigenmodes and prospects for ion cyclotron emission studies in fusion plasmas journal, October 2016

Interpretation of ion cyclotron emission from sub‐Alfvénic fusion products in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor journal, February 1996

Particle-in-cell simulations of the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability of fusion-born alpha-particles in tokamak plasmas journal, April 2013

Alfven cyclotron instability and ion cyclotron emission journal, December 1995

Ion cyclotron harmonic wave generation by ring protons in space plasmas journal, January 1993

Ion cyclotron emission due to collective instability of fusion products and beam ions in TFTR and JET journal, December 1995

Observation of Ion Cyclotron Emission Owing to DD Fusion Product H Ions in JT-60U journal, January 2010

A model for the generation of obliquely propagating ULF waves near the magnetic equator journal, January 1994

Low-noise electromagnetic and relativistic particle-in-cell plasma simulation models journal, September 1999

Ion cyclotron emission from fusion products and beam ions in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor journal, May 1998

Ion Pre-Acceleration in Fully Self-Consistent Particle-In-Cell Simulations of Supercritical Perpendicular Reforming Shocks in Multiple ion Species Plasmas journal, July 2014

Radio frequency measurements of energetic-particle-driven emission using the ion cyclotron emission diagnostic on the DIII-D tokamak journal, October 2018

Emission in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICE) on NSTX and NSTX-U journal, March 2019

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Distinct stages of radio frequency emission at the onset of pedestal collapse in KSTAR H-mode plasmas journal, July 2018

Central ion cyclotron emission in the DIII-D tokamak journal, June 2019

Interpreting observations of ion cyclotron emission from large helical device plasmas with beam-injected ion populations journal, July 2019

Interpretation of suprathermal emission at deuteron cyclotron harmonics from deuterium plasmas heated by neutral beam injection in the KSTAR tokamak journal, August 2019

Distinct stages of radio frequency emission at the onset of pedestal collapse in KSTAR H-mode plasmas text, January 2018

Alfvenic behaviour of alpha particle driven ion cyclotron emission in TFTR
journal, December 1995

Electron Current Drive by Fusion-Product-Excited Lower Hybrid Drift Instability
journal, December 2010

The excitation of obliquely propagating fast Alfvén waves at fusion ion cyclotron harmonics
journal, June 1994

Compressional Alfvén eigenmode structure in spherical tokamaks
journal, May 2009

Superthermal Radiation from Fusion Products in JET
journal, January 1988

Plasma blob formation by ion kinetic Kelvin–Helmholtz and interchange instabilities
journal, February 2014

Ion Cyclotron Emission from JET D-T Plasmas
journal, March 1999

A mechanism for beam‐driven excitation of ion cyclotron harmonic waves in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
journal, October 1994

Linear and nonlinear physics of the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability of fusion-born ions in relation to ion cyclotron emission
journal, January 2014

Transport and evolution of ion gyro-scale plasma blobs in perpendicular magnetic fields
journal, May 2012

Measurement of Ion Cyclotron Emissions by Using High-Frequency Magnetic Probes in the LHD
journal, March 2013

Ion cyclotron emission measurements during JET deuterium-tritium experiments
journal, September 1993

Fast particle-driven ion cyclotron emission (ICE) in tokamak plasmas and the case for an ICE diagnostic in ITER
journal, March 2015

The radial and poloidal localization of fast magnetoacoustic eigenmodes in tokamaks
journal, May 2000

Energetic particle physics in fusion research in preparation for burning plasma experiments
journal, November 2014

Characterization of off-axis fishbones
journal, July 2011

Observation of spontaneously excited waves in the ion cyclotron frequency range on JT-60U
journal, February 2008

Energetic particle-driven compressional Alfvén eigenmodes and prospects for ion cyclotron emission studies in fusion plasmas
journal, October 2016

Interpretation of ion cyclotron emission from sub‐Alfvénic fusion products in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
journal, February 1996

Particle-in-cell simulations of the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability of fusion-born alpha-particles in tokamak plasmas
journal, April 2013

Alfven cyclotron instability and ion cyclotron emission
journal, December 1995

Ion cyclotron harmonic wave generation by ring protons in space plasmas
journal, January 1993

Ion cyclotron emission due to collective instability of fusion products and beam ions in TFTR and JET
journal, December 1995

Observation of Ion Cyclotron Emission Owing to DD Fusion Product H Ions in JT-60U
journal, January 2010

A model for the generation of obliquely propagating ULF waves near the magnetic equator
journal, January 1994

Low-noise electromagnetic and relativistic particle-in-cell plasma simulation models
journal, September 1999

Ion cyclotron emission from fusion products and beam ions in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
journal, May 1998

Ion Pre-Acceleration in Fully Self-Consistent Particle-In-Cell Simulations of Supercritical Perpendicular Reforming Shocks in Multiple ion Species Plasmas
journal, July 2014

Radio frequency measurements of energetic-particle-driven emission using the ion cyclotron emission diagnostic on the DIII-D tokamak
journal, October 2018

Emission in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICE) on NSTX and NSTX-U
journal, March 2019

Characteristics of fast ³ He ion velocity distribution exciting ion cyclotron emission on JT-60U
journal, January 2019

Distinct stages of radio frequency emission at the onset of pedestal collapse in KSTAR H-mode plasmas
journal, July 2018

Central ion cyclotron emission in the DIII-D tokamak
journal, June 2019

Interpreting observations of ion cyclotron emission from large helical device plasmas with beam-injected ion populations
journal, July 2019

Interpretation of suprathermal emission at deuteron cyclotron harmonics from deuterium plasmas heated by neutral beam injection in the KSTAR tokamak
journal, August 2019

Distinct stages of radio frequency emission at the onset of pedestal collapse in KSTAR H-mode plasmas
text, January 2018