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Title: Understanding limiting factors in thick electrode performance as applied to high energy density Li-ion batteries

Journal Article · · Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Energy and Transportation Science Division
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Computer Science and Mathematics Division
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We present that increasing electrode thickness, thus increasing the volume ratio of active materials, is one effective method to enable the development of high energy density Li-ion batteries. In this study, an energy density versus power density optimization of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA)/graphite cell stack was conducted via mathematical modeling. The energy density was found to have a maximum point versus electrode thickness (critical thickness) at given discharging C rates. The physics-based factors that limit the energy/power density of thick electrodes were found to be increased cell polarization and underutilization of active materials. The latter is affected by Li-ion diffusion in active materials and Li-ion depletion in the electrolyte phase. Based on those findings, possible approaches were derived to surmount the limiting factors. Finally, the improvement of the energy–power relationship in an 18,650 cell was used to demonstrate how to optimize the thick electrode parameters in cell engineering.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1346648
Journal Information:
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, Journal Name: Journal of Applied Electrochemistry Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 47; ISSN 0021-891X
Publisher:
SpringerCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Is There a Benefit in Employing Graded Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries? journal January 2017
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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Energy/power density
Li-ion depletion
Numerical modeling
Thick electrodes