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Title: Joule Heating Effect on Field-Free Magnetization Switching by Spin-Orbit Torque in Exchange-Biased Systems

Abstract

Switching of magnetization via spin-orbit torque provides an efficient alternative for nonvolatile memory and logic devices. However, to achieve deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization, an external magnetic field collinear with the current is usually required, which makes these devices inappropriate for practical applications. As such, in this work, we examine the current-induced magnetization switching in a perpendicularly magnetized exchange-biased Pt/CoFe/IrMn system. A magnetic field annealing technique is used to introduce in-plane exchange biases, which are quantitatively characterized. Under proper conditions, field-free current-driven switching is achieved.We study the Joule heating effect, and we show how it can decrease the in-plane exchange bias and degrade the field-free switching. Furthermore, we discuss that the exchange-bias training effect can have similar effects.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [1];  [4];  [3];  [3];  [5];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  2. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Fudan Univ., Shanghai (China)
  3. Trinity College Dublin (Ireland). Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), and School of Physics
  4. Fudan Univ., Shanghai (China)
  5. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Inston Inc., Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Spins and Heat in Nanoscale Electronic Systems (SHINES)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); National Science Foundation (NSF); China Scholarship Council (CSC); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
OSTI Identifier:
1388978
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1344815
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0012670; ECCS-1611570; 2014CB921104; 11474067; 13/ERC/I2561; S000686
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review Applied
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 2; Related Information: SHINES partners with University of California, Riverside (lead); Arizona State University; Colorado State University; Johns Hopkins University; University of California Irvine; University of California Los Angeles; University of Texas at Austin; Journal ID: ISSN 2331-7019
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; phonons; thermal conductivity; thermoelectric; spin dynamics; spintronics

Citation Formats

Razavi, Seyed Armin, Wu, Di, Yu, Guoqiang, Lau, Yong-Chang, Wong, Kin L., Zhu, Weihua, He, Congli, Zhang, Zongzhi, Coey, J. M. D., Stamenov, Plamen, Khalili Amiri, Pedram, and Wang, Kang L. Joule Heating Effect on Field-Free Magnetization Switching by Spin-Orbit Torque in Exchange-Biased Systems. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.024023.
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Razavi, Seyed Armin, Wu, Di, Yu, Guoqiang, Lau, Yong-Chang, Wong, Kin L., Zhu, Weihua, He, Congli, Zhang, Zongzhi, Coey, J. M. D., Stamenov, Plamen, Khalili Amiri, Pedram, & Wang, Kang L. Joule Heating Effect on Field-Free Magnetization Switching by Spin-Orbit Torque in Exchange-Biased Systems. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.024023
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Razavi, Seyed Armin, Wu, Di, Yu, Guoqiang, Lau, Yong-Chang, Wong, Kin L., Zhu, Weihua, He, Congli, Zhang, Zongzhi, Coey, J. M. D., Stamenov, Plamen, Khalili Amiri, Pedram, and Wang, Kang L. Thu . "Joule Heating Effect on Field-Free Magnetization Switching by Spin-Orbit Torque in Exchange-Biased Systems". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.024023. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1388978.
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@article{osti_1388978,
title = {Joule Heating Effect on Field-Free Magnetization Switching by Spin-Orbit Torque in Exchange-Biased Systems},
author = {Razavi, Seyed Armin and Wu, Di and Yu, Guoqiang and Lau, Yong-Chang and Wong, Kin L. and Zhu, Weihua and He, Congli and Zhang, Zongzhi and Coey, J. M. D. and Stamenov, Plamen and Khalili Amiri, Pedram and Wang, Kang L.},
abstractNote = {Switching of magnetization via spin-orbit torque provides an efficient alternative for nonvolatile memory and logic devices. However, to achieve deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization, an external magnetic field collinear with the current is usually required, which makes these devices inappropriate for practical applications. As such, in this work, we examine the current-induced magnetization switching in a perpendicularly magnetized exchange-biased Pt/CoFe/IrMn system. A magnetic field annealing technique is used to introduce in-plane exchange biases, which are quantitatively characterized. Under proper conditions, field-free current-driven switching is achieved.We study the Joule heating effect, and we show how it can decrease the in-plane exchange bias and degrade the field-free switching. Furthermore, we discuss that the exchange-bias training effect can have similar effects.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.024023},
journal = {Physical Review Applied},
number = 2,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Feb 23 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Thu Feb 23 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.024023
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Roles of Joule heating and spin-orbit torques in the direct current induced magnetization reversal
    journal, August 2018

    Recent advances in spin-orbit torques: Moving towards device applications
    journal, September 2018

    • Ramaswamy, Rajagopalan; Lee, Jong Min; Cai, Kaiming
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    Field-Free Spin-Orbit-Torque Switching in Co / Pt / Co Multilayer with Mixed Magnetic Anisotropies
    journal, July 2019

    Tuning Interfacial Spins in Antiferromagnetic–Ferromagnetic–Heavy-Metal Heterostructures via Spin-Orbit Torque
    journal, January 2020

    Current-driven magnetization switching in a van der Waals ferromagnet Fe 3 GeTe 2
    journal, August 2019

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