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Title: Independent and parallel evolution of new genes by gene duplication in two origins of C4 photosynthesis provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in C4 species

Abstract

C4 photosynthesis is considered one of the most remarkable examples of evolutionary convergence in eukaryotes. However, it is unknown whether the evolution of C4 photosynthesis required the evolution of new genes. Genome-wide gene-tree species-tree reconciliation of seven monocot species that span two origins of C4 photosynthesis revealed that there was significant parallelism in the duplication and retention of genes coincident with the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in these lineages. Specifically, 21 orthologous genes were duplicated and retained independently in parallel at both C4 origins. Analysis of this gene cohort revealed that the set of parallel duplicated and retained genes is enriched for genes that are preferentially expressed in bundle sheath cells, the cell type in which photosynthesis was activated during C4 evolution. Moreover, functional analysis of the cohort of parallel duplicated genes identified SWEET-13 as a potential key transporter in the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in grasses, and provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in these C4 species.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom)
  2. Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge (United Kingdom)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1344533
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Molecular Biology and Evolution
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 33; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 0737-4038
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; C4 photosynthesis; gene duplication; gene families; parallel evolution

Citation Formats

Emms, David M., Covshoff, Sarah, Hibberd, Julian M., and Kelly, Steven. Independent and parallel evolution of new genes by gene duplication in two origins of C4 photosynthesis provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in C4 species. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw057.
Emms, David M., Covshoff, Sarah, Hibberd, Julian M., & Kelly, Steven. Independent and parallel evolution of new genes by gene duplication in two origins of C4 photosynthesis provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in C4 species. United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw057
Emms, David M., Covshoff, Sarah, Hibberd, Julian M., and Kelly, Steven. Thu . "Independent and parallel evolution of new genes by gene duplication in two origins of C4 photosynthesis provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in C4 species". United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw057. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1344533.
@article{osti_1344533,
title = {Independent and parallel evolution of new genes by gene duplication in two origins of C4 photosynthesis provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in C4 species},
author = {Emms, David M. and Covshoff, Sarah and Hibberd, Julian M. and Kelly, Steven},
abstractNote = {C4 photosynthesis is considered one of the most remarkable examples of evolutionary convergence in eukaryotes. However, it is unknown whether the evolution of C4 photosynthesis required the evolution of new genes. Genome-wide gene-tree species-tree reconciliation of seven monocot species that span two origins of C4 photosynthesis revealed that there was significant parallelism in the duplication and retention of genes coincident with the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in these lineages. Specifically, 21 orthologous genes were duplicated and retained independently in parallel at both C4 origins. Analysis of this gene cohort revealed that the set of parallel duplicated and retained genes is enriched for genes that are preferentially expressed in bundle sheath cells, the cell type in which photosynthesis was activated during C4 evolution. Moreover, functional analysis of the cohort of parallel duplicated genes identified SWEET-13 as a potential key transporter in the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in grasses, and provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in these C4 species.},
doi = {10.1093/molbev/msw057},
journal = {Molecular Biology and Evolution},
number = 7,
volume = 33,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}

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Free Publicly Available Full Text
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Cited by: 48 works
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Schematic overview of the gene duplication identification method used in this analysis. 1) Clustering genes into orthogroups using OrthoFinder. 2) Construction of multiple sequence alignments using MAFFT and inference of gene trees using Phyldog. 3) Reconciliation of gene trees with species tree using Phyldog. 4) Filtering of reconciledmore » gene trees to identify gene duplication events that are retained in all species that evolved following the gene duplication event.« less

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Function Relaxation Followed by Diversifying Selection after Whole-Genome Duplication in Flowering Plants
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Evolution of the Phospho enol pyruvate Carboxylase Protein Kinase Family in C 3 and C 4 Flaveria spp.
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C 4 Photosynthesis in the Rice Paddy: Insights from the Noxious Weed Echinochloa glabrescens
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Identification and Characterization of Shared Duplications between Rice and Wheat Provide New Insight into Grass Genome Evolution
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Structural and Metabolic Transitions of C 4 Leaf Development and Differentiation Defined by Microscopy and Quantitative Proteomics in Maize
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Systems Analysis of a Maize Leaf Developmental Gradient Redefines the Current C 4 Model and Provides Candidates for Regulation
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C 4 Cycles: Past, Present, and Future Research on C 4 Photosynthesis
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New grass phylogeny resolves deep evolutionary relationships and discovers C4 origins
journal, November 2011


The fate of duplicated genes in a polyploid plant genome
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  • Roulin, Anne; Auer, Paul L.; Libault, Marc
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Genome-wide transcript analysis of early maize leaf development reveals gene cohorts associated with the differentiation of C 4 Kranz anatomy
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Gene targeting by the TAL effector PthXo2 reveals cryptic resistance gene for bacterial blight of rice
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  • The Plant Journal, Vol. 82, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12838

BRAD, the genetics and genomics database for Brassica plants
journal, January 2011


A Window on Maize Evolution
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FastTree 2 – Approximately Maximum-Likelihood Trees for Large Alignments
journal, March 2010


Polyploidy and angiosperm diversification
journal, January 2009

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dataset, April 2016

  • Emms, David M.; Covshoff, Sarah; Hibberd, Julian M.
  • Dryad Digital Repository-Supplementary information for journal article at DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msw057, 1 ZIP file (1.587 Mb)
  • DOI: 10.5061/dryad.17m42

Data from: Independent and parallel evolution of new genes by gene duplication in two origins of C4 photosynthesis provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in C4 species
dataset, April 2016

  • Emms, David M.; Covshoff, Sarah; Hibberd, Julian M.
  • Dryad Digital Repository-Supplementary information for journal article at DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msw057, 1 ZIP file (1.587 Mb)
  • DOI: 10.5061/dryad.17m42

Cross species selection scans identify components of C 4 photosynthesis in the grasses
journal, July 2016

  • Huang, Pu; Studer, Anthony J.; Schnable, James C.
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 68, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw256

Multiple mechanisms for enhanced plasmodesmata density in disparate subtypes of C4 grasses
journal, January 2018

  • Danila, Florence R.; Quick, William Paul; White, Rosemary G.
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 69, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx456

Gene duplication and dosage effects during the early emergence of C4 photosynthesis in the grass genus Alloteropsis
journal, February 2018

  • Bianconi, Matheus E.; Dunning, Luke T.; Moreno-Villena, Jose J.
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 69, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery029

Key changes in gene expression identified for different stages of C4 evolution in Alloteropsis semialata
journal, April 2019

  • Dunning, Luke T.; Moreno-Villena, Jose J.; Lundgren, Marjorie R.
  • Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 70, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz149

New insights into the evolution and functional divergence of the SWEET family in Saccharum based on comparative genomics
journal, November 2018


Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.