Graph-based optimization of epitope coverage for vaccine antigen design
Abstract
Epigraph is a recently developed algorithm that enables the computationally efficient design of single or multi-antigen vaccines to maximize the potential epitope coverage for a diverse pathogen population. Potential epitopes are defined as short contiguous stretches of proteins, comparable in length to T-cell epitopes. This optimal coverage problem can be formulated in terms of a directed graph, with candidate antigens represented as paths that traverse this graph. Epigraph protein sequences can also be used as the basis for designing peptides for experimental evaluation of immune responses in natural infections to highly variable proteins. The epigraph tool suite also enables rapid characterization of populations of diverse sequences from an immunological perspective. Fundamental distance measures are based on immunologically relevant shared potential epitope frequencies, rather than simple Hamming or phylogenetic distances. Here, we provide a mathematical description of the epigraph algorithm, include a comparison of different heuristics that can be used when graphs are not acyclic, and we describe an additional tool we have added to the web-based epigraph tool suite that provides frequency summaries of all distinct potential epitopes in a population. Lastly, we also show examples of the graphical output and summary tables that can be generated using the epigraphmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1]
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1343714
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-16-26417
Journal ID: ISSN 0277-6715
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Statistics in Medicine
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 37; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0277-6715
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; biological science; vaccine; epitope; antigen; algorithm; directed acyclic graph; de Bruijn graph
Citation Formats
Theiler, James Patrick, and Korber, Bette Tina Marie. Graph-based optimization of epitope coverage for vaccine antigen design. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1002/sim.7203.
Theiler, James Patrick, & Korber, Bette Tina Marie. Graph-based optimization of epitope coverage for vaccine antigen design. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.7203
Theiler, James Patrick, and Korber, Bette Tina Marie. Sun .
"Graph-based optimization of epitope coverage for vaccine antigen design". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.7203. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1343714.
@article{osti_1343714,
title = {Graph-based optimization of epitope coverage for vaccine antigen design},
author = {Theiler, James Patrick and Korber, Bette Tina Marie},
abstractNote = {Epigraph is a recently developed algorithm that enables the computationally efficient design of single or multi-antigen vaccines to maximize the potential epitope coverage for a diverse pathogen population. Potential epitopes are defined as short contiguous stretches of proteins, comparable in length to T-cell epitopes. This optimal coverage problem can be formulated in terms of a directed graph, with candidate antigens represented as paths that traverse this graph. Epigraph protein sequences can also be used as the basis for designing peptides for experimental evaluation of immune responses in natural infections to highly variable proteins. The epigraph tool suite also enables rapid characterization of populations of diverse sequences from an immunological perspective. Fundamental distance measures are based on immunologically relevant shared potential epitope frequencies, rather than simple Hamming or phylogenetic distances. Here, we provide a mathematical description of the epigraph algorithm, include a comparison of different heuristics that can be used when graphs are not acyclic, and we describe an additional tool we have added to the web-based epigraph tool suite that provides frequency summaries of all distinct potential epitopes in a population. Lastly, we also show examples of the graphical output and summary tables that can be generated using the epigraph tool suite and explain their content and applications.},
doi = {10.1002/sim.7203},
journal = {Statistics in Medicine},
number = 2,
volume = 37,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {1}
}
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